Hard disk drive with support for atomic transactions

• US 20060095659A1
• Filed: 10/29/2004
• Published: 05/04/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 10/29/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Western Digital Technologies Incorporated (Western Digital Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands BV (Western Digital Corporation)
• Inventors: New, Richard M.H., Shipman, James R.
• Granted Patent: US 7,310,711 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 711/112
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/1471 involving logging of persistent data for recovery
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 11/1474 in transactions G06F16/20 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0614 Improving the reliability of storage systems
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0643 Management of files
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 3/0676 Magnetic disk device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present invention provide a data storage apparatus with new features to more easily enable atomic transactions. Rather than having the host system issue the multiple logging commands to the data storage apparatus, the data storage apparatus can be modified so that it can perform the logging function itself. In one embodiment, a data storage controller of a data storage apparatus for implementing an atomic transaction comprises a receiving module configured to receive from a host one or more commands to be executed as an atomic transaction; a log recording module, configured to record in a nonvolatile storage a log containing the one or more commands of the atomic transaction, the log to be administered by the data storage controller and not by the host; and an execution module configured to perform the one or more commands of the atomic transaction.

Claims

1. A method of implementing an atomic transaction in a data storage apparatus, the method comprising:

receiving, from a host by the data storage apparatus, one or more commands to be executed as an atomic transaction;

recording in a nonvolatile storage, by the data storage apparatus, a log containing the one or more commands of the atomic transaction, the log to be administered by the data storage apparatus and not by the host; and

performing the one or more commands of the atomic transaction by the data storage apparatus.

2. The method of claim 1 further comprising, prior to receiving the one or more commands to be executed as an atomic transaction:

receiving, from the host by the data storage apparatus, an initiate-atomic-operation command identifying the one or more commands to be executed as an atomic transaction.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the one or more commands are linked by setting a parameter in a command field of each command to link the one or more commands together as the atomic transaction to be executed in full or not at all.

4. The method of claim 3 wherein the one or more commands to be executed as an atomic transaction are each embodied in a SCSI Command Descriptor Block including a link bit which is set to link the one or more commands together as the atomic transaction.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the log is provided in a nonvolatile storage medium in the data storage apparatus.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the log is provided on a surface of a disk in the data storage apparatus.

7. The method of claim 1 further comprising notifying the host that the atomic transaction is committed after all of the one or more commands of the atomic transaction are recorded in the log.

8. The method of claim 1 further comprising recording in the log that the atomic transaction is committed after all of the one or more commands of the atomic transaction are recorded in the log.

9. The method of claim 8 further comprising:

providing a plurality of queues of varying priorities including one or more lower priority queues and one or more higher priority queues by the data storage apparatus;

placing commands that are committed as low priority commands in the one or more lower priority queues;

placing commands that are not committed as high priority commands in the one or more higher priority queues; and

performing commands in the one or more higher priority queues first before commands in the one or more lower priority queues.

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the log comprises metadata of the atomic transaction;

and further comprising keeping the metadata self-consistent by the data storage apparatus.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein the log further comprises new user data of the atomic transaction;

and further comprising keeping the metadata and the new user data self-consistent by the data storage apparatus.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the log further comprises old user data which can be used to restore the data storage apparatus to a state before the atomic transaction is performed.

13. The method of claim 1 further comprising:

receiving one or more non-atomic commands that are interleaved with the one or more commands of the atomic transaction; and

separating the non-atomic commands so as to record the one or more commands of the atomic transaction in the log.

14. A data storage controller for implementing an atomic transaction, the data storage controller comprising:

a receiving module configured to receive from a host one or more commands to be executed as an atomic transaction;

a log recording module, configured to record in a nonvolatile storage a log containing the one or more commands of the atomic transaction, the log to be administered by the data storage controller and not by the host; and

an execution module configured to perform the one or more commands of the atomic transaction.

15. The data storage controller of claim 14 wherein the receiving module is configured to receive from the host, prior to receiving the one or more commands to be executed as an atomic transaction, an initiate-atomic-operation command identifying the one or more commands to be executed as an atomic transaction.

16. The data storage controller of claim 14 wherein the receiving module is configured to recognize that the one or more commands to be executed as an atomic transaction are each embodied in a SCSI Command Descriptor Block including a link bit which is set to link the one or more commands together as the atomic transaction.

17. The data storage controller of claim 14 further comprising a notification module configured to notify the host that the atomic transaction is committed after all of the one or more commands of the atomic transaction are recorded in the log.

18. The data storage controller of claim 14 wherein the log recording module is configured to record in the log that the atomic transaction is committed after all of the one or more commands of the atomic transaction are recorded in the log.

19. The data storage controller of claim 14 wherein the log comprises metadata of the atomic transaction;

and the log recording module is configured to keep the metadata self-consistent.

20. The data storage controller of claim 19 wherein the log further comprises new user data of the atomic transaction;

and the log recording module is configured to keep the metadata and the new user data self-consistent.

21. The data storage controller of claim 20 wherein the log further comprises old user data;

and the log recording module is capable of restoring a data storage apparatus to a state using the old user data before the atomic transaction is performed.

22. The data storage controller of claim 14 wherein the receiving module is configured to receive one or more non-atomic commands that are interleaved with the one or more commands of the atomic transaction;

and the log recording module is configured to record the one or more commands of the atomic transaction and not the non-atomic commands in the log.

23. A data storage apparatus comprising:

a data storage controller as recited in claim 14;

and

a nonvolatile storage containing the log.

24. The data storage apparatus of claim 23 further comprising a disk, and wherein the nonvolatile storage is provided on a surface of the disk.

25. The data storage apparatus of claim 23 further comprising:

a plurality of queues of varying priorities including one or more lower priority queue and one or more higher priority queues;

wherein the log recording module of the data storage controller is configured to record in the log that the atomic transaction is committed after all of the one or more commands of the atomic transaction are recorded in the log;

wherein commands that are committed are placed in the one or more lower priority queues and commands that are not committed are placed in the one or more higher priority queues; and

wherein the execution module of the data storage controller is configured to perform commands in the one or more higher priority queues first before commands in the one or more lower priority queues.