Electrochemical methods, devices, and structures
First Claim
Patent Images
1. An electrochemical actuator, comprising:
- a. a negative electrode;
b. a positive electrode; and
c. an intercalating species;
wherein said electrochemical actuator is subjected to an applied voltage or current;
whereby application of said voltage or current or cessation thereof induces intercalation of said species in electrodes of said actuator, resulting in a volumetric or dimensional change of said actuator and linear strain is produced, ranging from 1-300%.
1 Assignment
0 Petitions
Accused Products
Abstract
The present invention provides devices and structures and methods of use thereof in electrochemical actuation. This invention provides electrochemical actuators, which are based, inter-alia, on an electric field-driven intercalation or alloying of high-modulus inorganic compounds, which can produce large and reversible volume changes, providing high actuation energy density, high actuation authority and large free strain.
-
Citations
214 Claims
-
1. An electrochemical actuator, comprising:
-
a. a negative electrode;
b. a positive electrode; and
c. an intercalating species;
wherein said electrochemical actuator is subjected to an applied voltage or current;
whereby application of said voltage or current or cessation thereof induces intercalation of said species in electrodes of said actuator, resulting in a volumetric or dimensional change of said actuator and linear strain is produced, ranging from 1-300%. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 86, 87, 128, 129)
-
-
4. (canceled)
-
25-27. -27. (canceled)
-
29. (canceled)
-
49. A Multilayer Stacked Electrochemical Actuator, comprising:
-
a. two or more negative electrode layers;
b. two or more positive electrode layers; and
c. an intercalating species;
wherein said Multilayer Stacked Electrochemical Actuator is subjected to an applied voltage or current;
whereby application of said voltage or current or cessation thereof induces intercalation of said species in electrodes of said actuator, resulting in a volumetric or dimensional change of said actuator and linear strain is produced, ranging from 0.5—
5%. - View Dependent Claims (50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85)
-
-
88-127. -127. (canceled)
-
130-172. -172. (canceled)
-
173. A method of actuation, comprising the step of applying a voltage or current to an actuator comprising a negative electrode, a positive electrode and an intercalating species, wherein applying said voltage or current induces intercalation of said species in said actuator, whereby said intercalation induces a volumetric or dimensional change of said actuator and linear strain is produced;
- ranging from 1-300%.
- View Dependent Claims (174)
-
175-212. -212. (canceled)
-
213. A nastic structure comprising at least one electrochemical actuator, comprising an negative electrode, a positive electrode, and an intercalating species, wherein following application of a voltage causing current flow in said actuator, intercalation of said species produces a change in volume in said actuator, such that a bend or other deformity is induced in said nastic structure.
-
214-215. -215. (canceled)
Specification