Electrical connector for a window pane of a vehicle

• US 20060102610A1
• Filed: 11/12/2004
• Published: 05/18/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 11/12/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: AGC Automotive Americas R&D, Inc (AGC, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: AGC Automotive Americas R&D, Inc (AGC, Inc.)
• Inventors: Hoepfner, Timothy P., Ackerman, Mark S.
• Granted Patent: US 7,223,939 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 219/203
• CPC Class Codes: H01R 2201/26 for vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: H01R 4/02 Soldered or welded connections H01R4/625, H01R4/723, H01R12/59 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01R 4/04 using electrically conductive adhesives
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 2203/016 Heaters using particular connecting means
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 3/84 Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 3/341 Surface mounted components

Abstract

A window pane has a substrate formed from glass and includes an electrical device. The electrical device includes an electrical conductor. An electrical connector is operatively connected to and in electrical communication with the conductor for transferring electrical energy to the conductor. The substrate has a first coefficient of expansion and the connector has a second coefficient of thermal expansion. A difference between the first and second coefficients of thermal expansion is equal to or less than 5×10⁻⁶/° C. for minimizing mechanical stress between the connector and the substrate due to thermal expansion of the connector and the substrate resulting from changes in temperature.

Claims

1. A window pane comprising:

a substrate formed from glass and having a first coefficient of thermal expansion;

an electrical conductor applied across a region of said substrate;

an electrical connector operatively connected to and in electrical communication with said conductor for transferring electrical energy to said conductor and having a second coefficient of thermal expansion;

with a difference between said first and second coefficients of thermal expansion equal to or less than 5×

10<sup>−

6</sup>/°

C. for minimizing mechanical stress between said connector and said substrate due to thermal expansion of said connector and said substrate resulting from changes in temperature.

2. A window pane as set forth in claim 1 wherein said second coefficient of thermal expansion is from 3 to 13×

10<sup>−

6</sup>/°

C.

3. A window pane as set forth in claim 2 wherein said first coefficient of thermal expansion is from 8 to 9×

10<sup>−

6</sup>/°

C.

4. A window pane as set forth in claim 1 wherein said connector is free of lead.

5. A window pane as set forth in claim 1 wherein said connector comprises at least one of titanium, molybdenum, tungsten, hafnium, tantalum, chromium, iridium, niobium, platinum, and vanadium.

6. A window pane as set forth in claim 1 wherein said connector comprises titanium.

7. A window pane as set forth in claim 6 wherein said titanium is present in said connector in an amount of at least 50 parts by weight based on the total weight of said connector.

8. A window pane as set forth in claim 7 wherein said titanium is present in said connector in an amount of at least 85 parts by weight based on the total weight of said connector.

9. A window pane as set forth in claim 7 wherein said titanium is alloyed with a metal selected from the group of aluminum, tin, copper, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, zirconium, vanadium, chromium, niobium, tantalum, palladium, ruthenium, and combinations thereof.

10. A window pane as set forth in claim 9 wherein said metal is present in an amount of from 0.05 to 50 parts by weight based on the total weight of said connector.

11. A window pane as set forth in claim 9 wherein said titanium alloyed with said metal is further defined as one of an alpha alloy and an alpha-beta alloy.

12. A window pane as set forth in claim 6 further comprising an electrically conductive foil disposed between said connector and said conductor to bond said connector to said conductor for ensuring electrical communication between said connector and said conductor.

13. A window pane as set forth in claim 12 wherein said electrically conductive foil is formed of aluminum.

14. A window pane as set forth in claim 1 wherein said connector has an outer surface area and a cladding clad to said outer surface area and spaced from said conductor such that said cladding is mechanically insulated from said conductor.

15. A window pane as set forth in claim 14 wherein said cladding comprises copper.

16. A window pane as set forth in claim 1 wherein said conductor comprises silver.

17. A window pane as set forth in claim 1 wherein said operative connection between said connector and said conductor is further defined as a metallurgical bond between said connector and said conductor.

18. A window pane as set forth in claim 1 further comprising flux disposed between said connector and said conductor.

19. A window pane as set forth in claim 1 further comprising a ceramic layer disposed between said substrate and said conductor.

20. A window pane as set forth in claim 1 wherein said glass is further defined as automotive glass.

21. A window pane as set forth in claim 20 wherein said glass is further defined as soda-lime-silica glass.

22. A window pane as set forth in claim 1 wherein said conductor is selected from the group of defoggers, defrosters, antennas, and combinations thereof.

23. A window pane comprising:

a substrate formed from glass;

an electrical conductor applied across a region of said substrate;

an electrical connector operatively connected to and in electrical communication with said conductor for transferring electrical energy to said conductor; and

said connector comprising titanium for minimizing mechanical stress between said connector and said substrate due to thermal expansion of said connector and said substrate resulting from changes in temperature.

24. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 wherein said connector is free of lead.

25. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 wherein said titanium is present in said connector in an amount of at least 50 parts by weight based on the total weight of said connector.

26. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 wherein said connector further comprises at least one of molybdenum, tungsten, hafnium, tantalum, chromium, iridium, niobium, platinum, and vanadium.

27. A window pane as set forth in claim 25 wherein said titanium is alloyed with a metal selected from the group of aluminum, tin, copper, molybdenum, cobalt, nickel, zirconium, vanadium, chromium, niobium, tantalum, palladium, ruthenium, and combinations thereof.

28. A window pane as set forth in claim 27 wherein said metal is present in an amount of from 0.05 to 50 parts by weight based on the total weight of said connector.

29. A window pane as set forth in claim 27 wherein said titanium alloyed with said metal is further defined as one of an alpha alloy and an alpha-beta alloy.

30. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 wherein said titanium is present in said connector in an amount of at least 85 parts by weight based on the total weight of said connector.

31. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 wherein said substrate has a first coefficient of thermal expansion and said connector has a second coefficient of expansion wherein a difference between said first and second coefficients of thermal expansion is equal to or less than 5×

10<sup>−

6</sup>/°

C.

32. A window pane as set forth in claim 31 wherein said second coefficient of thermal expansion is from 3 to 13×

10<sup>−

6</sup>/°

C.

33. A window pane as set forth in claim 32 wherein said first coefficient of thermal expansion is from 8 to 9×

10<sup>−

6</sup>/°

C.

34. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 further comprising an electrically conductive foil disposed between said connector and said conductor to bond said connector to said conductor for ensuring electrical communication between said connector and said conductor.

35. A window pane as set forth in claim 34 wherein said electrically conductive foil is formed of aluminum.

36. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 wherein said connector has an outer surface area and a cladding clad to said outer surface area and spaced from said conductor such that said cladding is mechanically insulated from said conductor.

37. A window pane as set forth in claim 36 wherein said cladding and said titanium are present in a volumetric ratio of from 0.01:

1 to 4;

1.

38. A window pane as set forth in claim 36 wherein said cladding comprises copper.

39. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 wherein said conductor comprises silver.

40. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 wherein said operative connection between said connector and said conductor is further defined as a metallurgical bond between said connector and said conductor.

41. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 further comprising flux disposed between said connector and said conductor.

42. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 further comprising a ceramic layer disposed between said substrate and said conductor.

43. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 wherein said glass is further defined as soda-lime-silica glass.

44. A window pane as set forth in claim 23 wherein said conductor is selected from the group of defoggers, defrosters, antennas, and combinations thereof.

45-72. -72. (canceled)