Implant that can be implanted in osseous tissue and method for producing said implant corresponding implant

• US 20060105295A1
• Filed: 01/28/2005
• Published: 05/18/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 02/20/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Woodwelding AG
• Original Assignee: Woodwelding AG
• Inventors: Torriani, Laurent, Aeschlimann, Marcel, Mayer, Jorg, Muller, Andrea, Rast, Christopher
• Granted Patent: US 8,911,234 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 433/173
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/68 Internal fixation devices , including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin bone staples A61B17/0642
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00955 thermoplastic
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 13/0003 Making bridge-work, inlays, implants or the like
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 13/0004 Computer-assisted sizing or machining of dental prostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0012 characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy use of specific materials A61K6/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0016 polymeric material
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0018 characterised by the shape
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0045 with a stepped body
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 8/0089 Implanting tools or instruments
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30065 thermoplastic, i.e. softening or fusing when heated, and hardening and becoming rigid again when cooled
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4683 by applying ultrasonic vibrations
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2210/0071 thermoplastic

Abstract

A bone implant (10) is implanted in a cavity parallel to an implant axis (I) and without substantial rotation. The implant includes, on an implant portion to be implanted, cutting edges (14), which do not extend in a common plane with the implant axis and are facing toward the distal end of the implant. The implant also includes surface ranges (16) of a material that is liquefiable by mechanical oscillations. The cutting edges (14) are dimensioned such that they are lodged in the cavity wall after implantation. For implantation, the implant is impinged with mechanical oscillations, resulting in the thermoplastic material being at least partially liquefied and pressed into unevennesses and pores of the cavity wall to form a form-fit and/or material-fit connection between implant (10) and cavity wall, when re-solidified. The cutting edges (14) anchor the implant in the cavity wall.

Claims

1. A bone implant (10) suitable for implantation in an implantation direction parallel to an implant axis (I) in a cavity surrounded by a cavity wall (K) of bone tissue (3), wherein an implant portion to be implanted comprises surface ranges (16) of a material, which is liquefiable (M) by mechanical oscillation, or such surface ranges (16) formed by pressing the liquefiable material out of a hollow space (26) in the implant through openings (27), and wherein the implant portion to be implanted further comprises cutting edges (14), said cutting edges being located outside the surface ranges (16) provided or to be created, said cutting edges do not extend in a common plane with the implant axis (I), and wherein the cutting edges are facing toward a distal end region of the implant and extend at least partly around the circumference of the implant.

2. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edges (14) comprise a wedge angle (β

) of less than 90°

.

3. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edges (14) are designed to be salient.

4. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edges (14) are undercut to form a chip space (23).

5. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein the liquefiable material (M) is situated in depressions (40) and the surface ranges (16) of the liquefiable material (M) protrude from surface areas (17) surrounding the depressions (40).

6. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein the openings (27) lead into the depressions (40).

7. The bone implant according to claim 5, wherein the depressions (40) are grooves extending axially or spirally across the implant region to be implanted.

8. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein osseointegrative surface areas (17) are situated between the surface ranges (16) of the liquefiable material.

9. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein the implant portion to be implanted further comprises axially extending furrowing or tapping structures (21).

10. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edges (14) extend along parts of the circumference of the implant and form lower edges of scale-like structures.

11. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein a proximal end region of the implant comprises a collar (31) with a lower edge fashioned as a cutting edge.

12. The bone implant according to claim 11, wherein the proximal end region comprises a ring (32) of a thermoplastic material.

13. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein the implant portion to be implanted tapers toward is of a shape tapering towards a distal end region.

14. The bone implant according to claim 13, further comprising steps (13) extending wholly or partly around the implant and comprising at least partially edges fashioned as cutting edges (14).

15. The bone implant according to claim 14, wherein a part of the steps (13) have blunt edges with a wedge angle (β

) of 90°

or more.

16. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein the implant portion to be implanted has an essentially cylindrical form and comprises cutting edges (14) protruding from the cylindrical form and being distanced from the implant axis (I) by distances which decrease in the direction of implantation.

17. The bone implant according to claim 16, wherein the cutting edges (14) protruding from the cylindrical form extend along a part of a circumference of the implant and are aligned in series in the axial direction.

18. The bone implant according to claim 17, further comprising at least two series of cutting edges (14, 14′

, 14″

) facing each other, and wherein the surface ranges (16) of the liquefiable material (M) or outlets of the openings (27) are situated between the series on the implant'"'"'s circumference.

19. The bone implant according to claim 1, further comprising a hollow space (26) and a piston (42), said piston being insertable into a proximal opening of the hollow space (26).

20. The bone implant according to claim 19, wherein, on a proximal end (43) of the piston (42) and/or round the proximal opening of the hollow space (26), means for an insulating connection between piston (42) and implant are provided.

21. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein said implant carries an intermediate element (52) on a proximal end region.

22. The bone implant according to claim 21, wherein the intermediate element (52) is connected to the implant by a loose fit connection and/or is equipped to be joined to a sonotrode (53) via a loose fit connection.

23. The bone implant according to claim 21, wherein said implant is a dental implant (10).

24. The bone implant according to claim 23, further comprising, in addition to a root portion (11), a crown portion (12), an abutment (30) or means (20) for fastening an abutment, a crown (19), a bridge or a set of dentures.

25. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein the bone implant is a shaft of a joint prosthesis.

26. The bone implant according to claim 1, wherein the implant is adapted to bridge a bone defect.

27. An implantation set comprising a bone implant according to claim 1 and at least one processing tool (58), which is adapted in shape to the implant portion to be implanted, and/or an intermediate element (52), which is adapted in shape to a proximal end region of the implant.

28. A method for producing a bone implant according to claim 1, said bone implant is implanted in a cavity as a substitute for a part of a bone or a tooth, which cavity is pre-existing or is to be created and has an osseous cavity wall (K), wherein the method comprises the steps of:

a measuring step in which the bone part or tooth (1) to be substituted and/or the pre-given cavity, or a given bone structure in the area of the cavity to be created, are measured to generate measuring data imaging the bone part, the tooth (1), the cavity, or the bone structure,

a data processing step in which the measuring data are processed, and

a production step in which the bone implant (10) is produced based on the processed measuring data,

wherein, in the data processing step, the implant portion to be implanted is equipped with cutting edges (14) being dimensioned in such a way that they are at least partly lodged in the cavity wall after implantation, and with structures to receive portions of the liquefiable material (M).

29. The method according to claim 28, wherein, in the measuring step, a three-dimensional image or one or several two-dimensional images are recorded.

30. The method according to claim 28, wherein, in the data processing step, a hollow space (26) and openings (27) connecting the surface of the implant portion to be implanted with the hollow space (26) are constructed.

31. The method according to claim 28, wherein, in the data processing step, axially extending furrowing or cutting structures (21) are constructed on the implant portion to be implanted, which structures are dimensioned such that they reach at least partially into the cavity wall after implantation.

32. The method according to claim 28, wherein, in the data processing step, additional data are produced for production of a processing tool (58) adapted to the implant portion to be implanted.

33. The method according to any one of claim 28, wherein, in the data processing step, additional data are produced for production of an intermediate element (52) adapted to the proximal end region of the implant.

34. The method according to claim 28, wherein, in the data processing step, structures with an osseointegrative effect are constructed.

35. The method according to claim 28, wherein the bone implant is a dental implant (10), and the tooth (1) to be substituted and/or the alveolus (57) are measured prior to extraction of the tooth (1) to be substituted.

36. A method for implantation of a bone implant according to claim 1, wherein the bone implant is positioned in a cavity, which is pre-given or to be created and has an osseous cavity wall, comprising the steps of, on positioning the implant, lodging the cutting edges (14) in the cavity wall (K), and that by impingement with mechanical oscillations, liquefying at least a part of the liquefiable material (M) and pressing the liquefied liquefiable material into the cavity wall.

37. The method according to claim 36, wherein, for the impingement of the implant with mechanical oscillations, the implant is coupled to an excited element such that, of the oscillations, only those components pushing the implant into the cavity are transmitted to the implant.

38. The method according to the claim 37, wherein the exciting element is a sonotrode (53) of an ultrasonic device or an intermediate element (52) which is able to be coupled to the sonotrode (53).

39. The method according to any one of claim 36, wherein the implant comprises surface ranges (16) of the liquefiable material and the implant is positioned in the cavity by mechanical oscillations.

40. The method according to claim 36, wherein the implant comprises a hollow space (26), in which the liquefiable material (M) is positioned or is able to be positioned, wherein the implant is positioned in the cavity without impingement by mechanical oscillations or with impingement by mechanical oscillations but not including the liquefiable material, and then the liquefiable material positioned in the hollow space (26) is impinged by mechanical oscillations and pressed against the distal end of the implant.

41. The method according to claim 40, wherein, prior to the impingement of the liquefiable material by mechanical oscillations and after positioning the implant in the cavity, the position of the implant is checked and adjusted if necessary.

42. The method according to claim 40, wherein a piston (42) is used for the impingement and pressing of the liquefiable material and the piston (42) is then tightly connected with the implant by the effect of the mechanical oscillations.

43. The method according to claim 36, wherein the implant is conical and comprises steps (13), and wherein, prior to positioning of the implant, shoulders (13′

) adapted to the steps (13) are fashioned in the cavity wall (K).

44. The method according to claim 43, wherein, a processing tool (58) is used to fashion the shoulders (13′

), said processing tool being adapted to the implant portion to be implanted.

45. The method according to claim 36, wherein the bone implant is a dental implant (10) and the implantation is performed immediately after extraction of the tooth (1) to be substituted.