Conversion of calcite powders into macro- and microporous calcium phosphate scaffolds for medical applications
First Claim
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1. A method for forming carbonated hydroxyapatite comprising:
- providing a calcium carbonate powder;
providing a stable aqueous solution comprising phosphate ions, wherein the aqueous solution has a pH between about 3 and about 6;
combining the calcium carbonate powder with the aqueous solution at a ratio of between about 20 grams calcium carbonate powder per 30 milliliters aqueous solution and about 35 grams calcium carbonate powder per 30 milliliters aqueous solution; and
mixing the combination of the calcium carbonate powder and the aqueous solution for a period of time of at least about 30 seconds, wherein upon combination and mixing of the calcium carbonate powder with the aqueous solution, carbon dioxide and a paste are formed, the paste comprising a phase mixture of carbonated hydroxyapatite and calcium carbonate.
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Abstract
Disclosed is a method for forming carbonated calcium hydroxyapatite. The disclosed method can be used for forming bone cements or optionally cast, cured scaffolds such as may be used in many medical applications, including as implants for bone damage caused by, for instance, trauma, disease, or surgical excision due to disease. The cured materials include an interconnected network including both microporosity and macroporosity. The disclosed materials can be very similar in both chemical and physical make-up to natural bone mineral. The invention is also directed to systems that can be used for conveniently carrying out the disclosed methods.
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39 Claims
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1. A method for forming carbonated hydroxyapatite comprising:
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providing a calcium carbonate powder;
providing a stable aqueous solution comprising phosphate ions, wherein the aqueous solution has a pH between about 3 and about 6;
combining the calcium carbonate powder with the aqueous solution at a ratio of between about 20 grams calcium carbonate powder per 30 milliliters aqueous solution and about 35 grams calcium carbonate powder per 30 milliliters aqueous solution; and
mixing the combination of the calcium carbonate powder and the aqueous solution for a period of time of at least about 30 seconds, wherein upon combination and mixing of the calcium carbonate powder with the aqueous solution, carbon dioxide and a paste are formed, the paste comprising a phase mixture of carbonated hydroxyapatite and calcium carbonate. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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- 24. A scaffold comprising a macroporous scaffold structure comprising carbonated, partially crystalline hydroxyapatite, the scaffold structure defining an interconnected porous network comprising both microporosity and macroporosity, wherein the scaffold structure defines a minimal cross sectional dimension of at least about one centimeter.
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35. A system comprising:
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a first container defining a first volume for holding a predetermined amount of a calcium carbonate powder;
a second container defining a second volume for holding a predetermined amount of an aqueous solution comprising phosphate ions, wherein the aqueous solution has a pH between about 3 and about 6; and
wherein the first volume and the second volume are such that the predetermined amounts of the calcium carbonate and the aqueous solution are provided in a ratio of between about 20 grams calcium carbonate powder per 30 milliliters aqueous solution and about 35 grams calcium carbonate powder per 30 milliliters aqueous solution. - View Dependent Claims (36, 37, 38, 39)
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Specification