Navigated cut guide locator

• US 20060122618A1
• Filed: 01/31/2006
• Published: 06/08/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 03/08/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Zimmer Technology Incorporated (Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Zimmer Technology Incorporated (Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Claypool, Jody L., Hui, Sudip, McGinley, Shawn E.
• Granted Patent: US 8,114,086 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 606/87
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/155 Cutting femur
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/157 Cutting tibia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/102 Modelling of surgical devices, implants or prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/105 Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/108 Computer aided selection or customisation of medical implants or cutting guides
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2051 Electromagnetic tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 5/00 Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints, devices specially adapted therefor A61B17/56; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devicesbandages, dressings or absorbent pads A61F13/00

Abstract

A navigated guide is provided for establishing datums used to position subsequent components during a surgical procedure.

Claims

1. A navigated guide for use with a surgical navigation system to establish a datum relative to a surgical site to guide placement of a surgical cut guide, the cut guide having a cut slot with a slot thickness, a slot width, and a slot depth, the slot defining a cut plane and being engageable with a cutter to guide the cutter within the cut plane, the navigated guide comprising:

a plate shaped body representative of the cut plane, the body being slidingly engageable with the cut slot; and

means for being tracked by the surgical navigation system to position the body at a desired position relative to the surgical site, the means for being tracked being mounted to the body in known relationship.

2. The navigated guide of claim 1 wherein the means for being tracked includes at least one tracking element mounted to the body, the at least one tracking element being trackable by the surgical navigation system to guide the navigated guide to a desired position.

3. The navigated guide of claim 2 where in the tracking element comprises an electromagnetic coil.

4. The navigated guide of claim 2 where in the tracking element is embedded within the body and the body includes a smooth surface engageable with the cut slot.

5. The navigated guide of claim 1 further comprising fixation members engageable with the surgical site to attach the body to the surgical site.

6. The navigated guide of claim 5 wherein the body includes spaced apart top and bottom surfaces, the top and bottom surfaces being spaced on opposite sides of a centerplane bisecting the body, the body further comprising a leading edge, the fixation members comprising spikes projecting outwardly from the leading edge parallel to the centerplane.

7. The navigated guide of claim 6 wherein the spikes and body form a unitary construct.

8. The navigated guide of claim 1 wherein the body includes spaced apart top and bottom surfaces, the top and bottom surfaces being spaced on opposite sides of a centerplane bisecting the body, the body further comprising a trailing edge, the body tapering toward the centerplane in the direction of the the trailing edge.

9. A surgical system for use at an orthopaedic surgical site to guide a cutter to cut a bone, the system comprising.

a surgical navigation system comprising means for tracking the position of an object during a surgical procedure;

a cut guide comprising a cut slot for guiding the cutter in a cut plane to form a planar surface on the distal end of the femur; and

a navigated guide comprising a plate shaped body representative of the cut plane, the body being slidingly engageable with the cut slot, the navigated guide further comprising means for being tracked by the surgical navigation system to position the navigated guide at a desired position relative to the surgical site.

10. The surgical system of claim 9 wherein the cut guide comprises a distal femoral cut guide for guiding a cutter to cut a planar surface on a distal end of the femur.

11. The surgical system of claim 9 wherein the cut guide comprises an anterior femoral cut guide for guiding a cutter to cut a planar surface on the anterior surface of the distal femur.

12. The surgical system of claim 9 wherein the cut guide comprises a posterior femoral cut guide for guiding a cutter to cut a planar surface on the posterior surface of the distal femur.

13. The system of claim 9 wherein the means for being tracked comprises an electromagnetic coil attached to the navigated guide, the electromagnetic coil producing a signal detectable by the means for tracking.

14. The system of claim 9 wherein the cut guide comprises a body having a front surface and a back surface, the cut slot extending through the body from the front surface to the back surface to define the cut plane, the cut slot defining a slip fit with the body of the navigated guide.

15. The system of claim 14 further comprising a cutter selected from the group consisting of a saw blade, a rotary burr, and a side cutting mill, the cutter defining a slip fit with the cut slot.

16. A method of guiding a cutter at an orthopaedic surgical site to cut a bone, the method comprising:

activating a surgical navigation system to track the position of a navigated guide, the navigated guide comprising a plate shaped body representative of a cut plane;

anchoring the navigated guide relative to the surgical site in a desired position as indicated by the surgical navigation system; and

engaging a cut guide with the navigated guide by sliding a cut slot in the cut guide over the plate shaped body of the navigated guide to align the cut slot with the cut plane.

17. The method of claim 16 further comprising viewing the navigated guide as a visual representation of the cut plane to verify correct cut plane positioning

18. The method of claim 16 further comprising touching the navigated guide as a tactile representation of the cut plane to verify correct cut plane positioning.

19. The method of claim 16 further comprising:

anchoring the cut guide to the surgical site;

removing the navigated guide through the cut slot; and

guiding a cutter with the cut slot to cut the bone in the cut plane.

20. The method of claim 16 wherein engaging a cut guide with the navigated guide comprises engaging a distal femoral cut guide with the navigated guide, the method further comprising:

guiding a cutter with the distal femoral cut guide to cut a distal aspect of the femur.

21. The method of claim 16 wherein engaging a cut guide with the navigated guide comprises engaging a posterior femoral cut guide with the navigated guide, the method further comprising:

guiding a cutter with the posterior femoral cut guide to cut a posterior aspect of the femur.

22. The method of claim 16 wherein engaging a cut guide with the navigated guide comprises engaging an anterior femoral cut guide with the navigated guide, the method further comprising:

guiding a cutter with the anterior femoral cut guide to cut an anterior aspect of the femur.