Organic light emitting devices having carrier blocking layers comprising metal complexes
First Claim
1. A light emitting device, comprising at least one blocking layer, wherein said blocking layer comprises at least one transition metal complex, and wherein said at least one transition metal complex is an organometallic complex having a coordinating carbon.
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Abstract
Light emitting devices having blocking layers comprising one or more metal complexes are provided. The blocking layers may serve to block electrons, holes, and/or excitons. Preferably, the devices further comprise a separate emissive layer in which charge and/or excitons are confined. Metal complexes suitable for blocking layers can be selected by comparison of HOMO and LUMO energy levels of materials comprising adjacent layers in devices of the present invention.
37 Citations
50 Claims
- 1. A light emitting device, comprising at least one blocking layer, wherein said blocking layer comprises at least one transition metal complex, and wherein said at least one transition metal complex is an organometallic complex having a coordinating carbon.
- 10. A light emitting device, comprising at least one blocking layer, wherein said blocking layer comprises at least one metal complex, comprising a main group metal atom having an atomic number greater than 13, and wherein said at least one metal complex is an organometallic complex having a coordinating carbon.
- 19. A light emitting device, comprising at least one blocking layer, wherein said blocking layer comprises at least one metal complex comprising a main group metal atom, and wherein said at least one metal complex is a six-coordinate organometallic complex having a coordinating carbon.
- 20. A light emitting device, comprising a blocking layer, wherein said blocking layer comprises a wide band-gap organic matrix into which an organometallic complex having a metal-coordinating carbon is doped.
- 21. A light emitting device, comprising an emissive layer and a hole blocking layer, each of said layers having an anode side and a cathode side, wherein said cathode side of said emissive layer is in contact with said anode side of said hole blocking layer, wherein said hole blocking layer has a lower HOMO energy level than the HOMO energy level of said emissive layer, and comprises at least one transition metal complex, wherein said at least one transition metal complex is an organometallic complex having a coordinating carbon.
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29. A light emitting device, comprising an emissive layer and a hole blocking layer, each of said layers having an anode side and a cathode side, wherein said cathode side of said emissive layer is in contact with said anode side of said hole blocking layer, wherein said hole blocking layer has a lower HOMO energy level than the HOMO energy level of said emissive layer and comprises at least one metal complex comprising a main group metal atom having an atomic number greater than 13, wherein said at least one transition metal complex is an organometallic complex having a coordinating carbon.
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30. A light emitting device, comprising an emissive layer and a hole blocking layer, each of said layers having an anode side and a cathode side, wherein said cathode side of said emissive layer is in contact with said anode side of said hole blocking layer, wherein said hole blocking layer has a lower HOMO energy level than the HOMO energy level of said emissive layer and comprises at least one six-coordinate metal complex, wherein said at least one transition metal complex is an organometallic complex having a coordinating carbon.
- 31. A light emitting device, comprising an emissive layer and an exciton blocking layer, wherein said emissive layer is in contact with said exciton blocking layer, wherein said exciton blocking layer has a wider optical gap than the optical gap of said emissive layer, and wherein said exciton blocking layer comprises at least one organometallic complex having a coordinating carbon.
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35. A light emitting device, having the structure anode/HTL/EL/HBL/ETL/cathode, wherein said HBL comprises a wide band-gap organic matrix doped with an organometallic complex having a coordinating carbon.
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36. A method of confining holes to an emissive layer in a light emitting device, wherein said emissive layer comprises an anode side and a cathode side, and wherein said device comprises a blocking layer adjacent to said cathode side of said emissive layer, wherein said blocking layer has a lower HOMO energy level than the HOMO energy level of said emissive layer and comprises at least one metal complex comprising a main group metal atom having an atomic number greater than 13, said method comprising applying a voltage across said device.
- 37. A method of confining excitons to an emissive layer in a light emitting device, wherein said emissive layer is in contact with said exciton blocking layer, wherein said exciton blocking layer has a wider optical gap than the optical gap of said emissive layer, and wherein said exciton blocking layer comprises at least one metal complex, said method comprising applying a voltage across said device.
- 40. A method of fabricating a light emitting device, said method comprising depositing a blocking layer onto a preexisting layer, wherein said blocking layer comprises a metal complex comprising iridium.
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