Process for the dimerisation of levulinic acid, dimers obtainable by such process and esters of such dimers
First Claim
1. A process for dimerisation of levulinic acid, wherein an organic phase comprising levulinic acid is contacted, in the presence of hydrogen, with a strong acidic heterogeneous catalyst comprising a hydrogenating metal, at a temperature in the range of from 60 to 170°
- C. and a pressure in the range of from 1 to 200 bar (absolute).
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Abstract
The present invention provides a process for dimerisation of levulinic acid, wherein an organic phase comprising levulinic acid is contacted, in the presence of hydrogen, with a strong acidic heterogeneous catalyst comprising a hydrogenating metal, at a temperature in the range of from 60 to 170° C. and a pressure in the range of from 1 to 200 bar (absolute). The invention further relates to dimers of levulinic acid and their esters, to a mixture comprising levulinic acid and its dimers obtainable by such process and to an ester mixture obtainable by esterifying such mixture of levulinic acid and its dimers.
18 Citations
21 Claims
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1. A process for dimerisation of levulinic acid, wherein an organic phase comprising levulinic acid is contacted, in the presence of hydrogen, with a strong acidic heterogeneous catalyst comprising a hydrogenating metal, at a temperature in the range of from 60 to 170°
- C. and a pressure in the range of from 1 to 200 bar (absolute).
- View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 16)
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11. A di-carboxylic acid having the molecular structure according to formula
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12. A di-carboxylic acid having the molecular structure according to formula
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13. A C10 compound with a carboxylic group and a lactone group having the molecular structure according to formula
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14. A C10 compound with two lactone groups having the molecular structure according to formula
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15. A C10 compound with a carboxylic group and a lactone group having the molecular structure according to formula
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18. A di-ester having the general molecular structure according to formula
wherein R1 and R2 are, independently, an organic radical which is covalently connected to the oxygen atom by a carbon atom.
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20. An ester obtainable by reacting a C10 compound comprising a carboxyl group and a lactone group, or by reacting a mixed dimer, with an alcohol under esterifying conditions.
Specification