Clock simulation system and method

• US 20060149526A1
• Filed: 12/20/2005
• Published: 07/06/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 12/30/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Synopsys Incorporated
• Original Assignee: VaST Systems Technology Corp. (Synopsys Incorporated)
• Inventors: Torossian, James R., Clark, Neville A.
• Granted Patent: US 7,567,893 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 703/16
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 30/33 Design verification, e.g. functional simulation or model checking

Abstract

A simulation system, a computer product to implement a simulation method, and a method of simulating a digital circuit that has at least one element and at least one clock signal having clock attributes. The method includes maintaining a data structure for time-scheduled events scheduled to occur at particular simulation-times; and maintaining a data structure for clock-scheduled events each corresponding to a particular clock signal and scheduled to occur at a time that can be determined from at least one attribute of the clock signal, such that clocked-scheduled events are distinguishable from time-scheduled events, and such that each and every transition of any clock signal need not be scheduled in the time-scheduled event data structure.

Claims

1. A method of simulating a digital circuit operating with one or more clock signals, a clock signal being a signal having one or more attributes that provide for determining the time of the next clock signal driven event, the method comprising:

forming a hardware model representing the circuit;

scheduling one or more time-scheduled events according to the model, the scheduling in a time-scheduled event data structure, a time-scheduled event being an event whose occurrence time in a simulation time frame is defined by reference to a simulation time;

scheduling one or more clock-scheduled events according to the model, a clock-scheduled event being an event whose occurrence time is defined relative to one or more attributes of at least one clock signal in the circuit;

predicting the occurrence time of the clock-scheduled events; and

at any particular simulation time, processing the time-scheduled events for the particular simulation time and clock-scheduled events predicted to occur at the particular simulation time;

such that clocked-scheduled events are distinguishable from time-scheduled events, and such that each and every transition of any clock signal need not be scheduled in the time-scheduled event data structure.

2. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein at least one clock signal is a repetitive clock signal, and wherein the attributes of the repetitive clock signal include at least one of the set consisting of the current value of the repetition period, an indication of whether or not the repetitive clock signal is stopped, an indication of the number of ticks of the repetitive clock signal since a reference point in time, the simulation time corresponding to the reference point, and the time increment from the present simulation time to the next tick of the repetitive clock signal, a tick being a significant edge of the repetitive clock signal.

3. A method as recited in claim 2, wherein predicting the occurrence time of the clock-scheduled events includes scheduling such events on the time-scheduled event data structure, such that processing the time-scheduled events for the particular simulation time automatically includes processing the clock-scheduled events predicted to occur at the particular simulation time.

4. A method as recited in claim 2, wherein the time-scheduled event data structure is a first queue, and wherein the clock-scheduled event data structure is a second queue.

5. A method as recited in claim 2, wherein processing the time-scheduled and clock-scheduled events for the particular simulation includes:

(a) treating the events in the time-scheduled event data structure scheduled to occur at the particular simulation time in the time-scheduled event data structure as a current event data structure;

(b) processing the events in the current event data structure;

(c) during processing, scheduling any events for processing at the current simulation time in a pending event data structure;

(d) after all the events in the pending event data structure are processed and the effect of such processing propagated through the model; and

(e) repeating (b), (c), and (d) until there are no more events scheduled to be processed at the particular simulation time,

and wherein the clock-scheduled events are such that no clock-scheduled events are scheduled in a pending event data structure.

6. A method as recited in claim 2, wherein the model of the digital circuit is coded in a hardware description language extended to include primitives that provide for scheduling clock based events according to one or more attributes of a clock signal.

7. A method as recited in claim 6, wherein the primitives are new commands in the hardware description language.

8. A method as recited in claim 6, wherein the primitives are one or more tasks and callback functions callable from the hardware description language, a task being a section of the model such that when an instance of the model is set up during an initialization step, instances of any tasks in the model are also created, and such that a task can suspend operation of itself at a point in simulation time of the hardware model it is contained in, and resume operation at some future point in simulation time of that hardware model, and a callback function being a section of the model that operates at a single instant in simulation time of the model, a callback function being able to directly invoked from a callback function, or being schedulable to be invoked by a task or a callback function.

9. A carrier medium carrying computer readable code to cause a processor of a processing system to implement a hardware simulator, comprising:

a hardware model constructed from a description of a digital circuit, the digital circuit including a clock signal;

a time-scheduled event data structure for scheduling time-scheduled events, a time-scheduled event being an event whose occurrence time in a simulation time frame is defined by reference to a simulation time;

a clock-scheduled event data structure for scheduling clock-scheduled events, a clock-scheduled event being an event whose occurrence time is defined relative to one or more attributes of a referenced clock signal; and

an event scheduler arranged to schedule one or more time-scheduled events in the time-scheduled event data structure according to the model, and to schedule one or more clock-scheduled events according to the model,

the hardware simulator being arranged, when simulating the hardware model, to predict the simulation time of the clock-scheduled events and at any particular simulation time, process the time-scheduled events for the particular simulation time and clock-scheduled events predicted to occur at the particular simulation time,

such that clocked-scheduled events are distinguishable from time-scheduled events, and such that each and every transition of any clock signal need not be scheduled in the time-scheduled event data structure.

10. A carrier medium as recited in claim 9, wherein, for particular event scheduled in the clock-scheduled event data structure with reference to one or more attributes of a particular clock signal, the hardware simulator is arranged when simulating the hardware model, to insert the particular clock-based event into the simulator'"'"'s time-scheduled event data structure at the predicted time of occurrence, such that processing the time-scheduled events for the particular simulation time includes processing the clock-scheduled events predicted to occur at the particular simulation time.

11. A carrier medium as recited in claim 10, wherein, for a particular clock-scheduled event inserted into the time-scheduled event data structure, the hardware simulator is arranged to keep track of the particular clock-scheduled event in the time-scheduled event data structure and in the clock-based event data structure as being dependent upon the current state of the particular clock signal, such keeping track of the current state of the particular clock signal providing for modeling clock signals whose attributes change in time.

12. A carrier medium as recited in claim 11, wherein the hardware simulator is arranged to cause the scheduler to automatically re-schedule events in terms of clock ticks when one or more of the particular clock signal'"'"'s is changed in an intervening period between the original scheduling of the clock-based event and the occurrence time of the event.

13. A carrier medium as recited in claim 10, wherein processing events scheduled in the time-scheduled event data structure to occur at the present simulation time may generate one or more further events scheduled to occur at the present simulation time, wherein such further events are scheduled in a first pending event data structure, wherein the processing of events in the first pending event data structure may cause additional events to be scheduled into another pending event data structure for events scheduled to be processed at the present time, and wherein clock-scheduled events originally scheduled in the clock-scheduled event data structure are only scheduled into the time-scheduled event data structure,

such that scheduling clock-scheduled events into any pending event data structure is avoided.

14. A method of simulating a digital circuit, the circuit including one or more elements and at least one clock signal, each clock signal having one or more attributes, including the clock signal'"'"'s period in units of a simulation-time, the method comprising:

maintaining a data structure for time-scheduled events, each time-scheduled event scheduled to occur at a particular simulation-time; and

maintaining a data structure for clock-scheduled events, each clock-scheduled event corresponding to a particular clock signal and scheduled to occur at a time that can be determined from one or more attributes of the clock signal,

such that clocked-scheduled events are distinguishable from time-scheduled events, and such that each and every transition of any clock signal need not be scheduled in the time-scheduled event data structure.

15. A method as recited in claim 14, wherein the clock signal attributes include at least one of the set consisting of the value of the clock period at the current simulation time, an indication of whether or not the clock signal is stopped, an indication of the number of ticks of the clock signal since a reference point in time, the simulation-time corresponding to the reference point, and the simulation-time increment from the present simulation-time to the next tick of the clock signal, a tick being a significant edge of the clock signal.

16. A carrier medium carrying computer readable code to instruct a processor to implement a method of simulating a digital circuit comprising:

accepting code generated from a hardware model of a digital circuit defined in a language, the digital circuit operating according to a clock signal having one or more attributes, the attributes including at least one of the set consisting of the value of the clock period at the current simulation time, an indication of whether or not the clock signal is stopped, an indication of the number of ticks of the clock signal since a reference point in time, the simulation-time corresponding to the reference point, and the simulation-time increment from the present simulation-time to the next tick of the clock signal, a tick being a significant edge of the clock signal; and

running a hardware simulator operating according to the hardware model, the simulator including a scheduler arranged to be able to

(a) schedule a clock-scheduled event at a first simulation-time in the future determinable from one or more provided parameters of the clock signal; and

(b) schedule a time-scheduled event at a second simulation-time in the future defined by a provided or determined value of simulation time or simulation time delay;

wherein the simulator is arranged to process the scheduled events,

the method such that clocked-scheduled events are distinguishable from time-scheduled events, and such that each and every transition of any clock signal need not be scheduled in the time-scheduled event data structure.

17. A carrier medium as recited in claim 16, wherein the language for defining the hardware model includes primitives provided for defining the clock signal, and for scheduling clock-scheduled events according to one or more attributes of the clock signal.

18. A carrier medium as recited in claim 17, wherein the language is an available hardware description language that includes a mechanism for calling functions, and wherein the primitives include at least one function callable from the hardware description language using the calling mechanism.

19. A carrier medium as recited in claim 18, wherein the available hardware description language is Verilog or a derivative thereof.

20. A carrier medium as recited in claim 18, wherein the available hardware description language is VHDL or a derivative thereof.

21. A carrier medium as recited in claim 18, wherein the available hardware description language is SystemC or a derivative thereof.

22. A carrier medium as recited in claim 17, wherein the language is an available hardware description language, and wherein the primitives include at least one additional command, such additional at least commands\ and the available hardware description language defining an extended version of the hardware description language.

23. A carrier medium as recited in claim 22, wherein the available hardware description language is Verilog or a derivative thereof.

24. A carrier medium as recited in claim 22, wherein the available hardware description language is VHDL or a derivative thereof.

25. A carrier medium as recited in claim 22, wherein the available hardware description language is SystemC or a derivative thereof.

26. A carrier medium as recited in claim 17, wherein the language is a hardware description language, and wherein the primitives are callable from the hardware description language.

27. A carrier medium as recited in claim 16,

wherein the time-scheduled events are scheduled on a time-scheduled event data structure,

wherein the clock-scheduled events are scheduled on a clock-scheduled event structure, and

wherein the simulator is arranged to determine the next simulation time of occurrence of each clock-scheduled event in the clock-scheduled event, and to schedule such event in the time-scheduled event queue,

the simulator arranged, such that, upon alteration of an attribute of the clock signal, the simulator automatically alters in the time-scheduled event data structure the simulation-time of next occurrence of each clock-scheduled events whose occurrence simulation-time is dependant on that clock signal.

28. A carrier medium as recited in claim 27,

wherein the simulator is arranged, upon stopping of the clock signal, to automatically remove from the time-scheduled event data structure, all time-scheduled events that were scheduled from corresponding clock-scheduled events according to the clock signal, and to keep track of such clock-scheduled events, and

wherein the simulator is arranged, upon re-starting of the clock signal, to determine the next simulation time of occurrence of each clock-scheduled event in the clock-scheduled event data structure that depends on the restarted clock, and to re-schedule such event in the time-scheduled event data structure.

29. A method of simulating a digital circuit, the method including the steps of:

(a) providing a simulated clock signal simulating a digital clock signal having periodic significant transitions, and having one or more attributes;

(b) scheduling one or more clock-scheduled events to occur according to the circuit and one or more values of corresponding attributes of the clock signal in the circuit, a clock-scheduled event being an event whose occurrence time is defined relative to the one or more attributes of the clock signal in the circuit; and

(c) for a scheduled clock-based event, determining the next simulation time in the future for the clock-scheduled event to occur from one or more provided or determined properties of the clock signal, and scheduling the event to occur at the determined simulation time.

30. A method as claimed in claim 29, wherein one attribute of the clock signal is the clock period further comprising:

(d) altering the period of the simulated clock signal; and

(e) upon the alteration of the clock period, updating determined next simulation time for the event to occur, and rescheduling the event to occur at the updated determined time.

31. A method as claimed in claim 29, wherein the digital circuit includes a timer circuit driven by the clock signal, and wherein one of the clock-scheduled events is described according to a count of ticks of the clock signal.

32. A method of simulating a clocked digital circuit, the method including the steps of:

(a) providing a set of primitives accessible from a hardware description language, the primitives used with a hardware description language definition of the circuit for simulating clocked events occurring at a simulation time in the future defined according to predetermined values for one or more attributes of a clock signal; and

(b) simulating the clocked circuit using the primitives,

such that each transition of the clock signal does not need to be scheduled.

33. A method as recited in claim 32, wherein the predetermined values include a predetermined number of clock ticks into the future in simulation time.

34. A method as claimed in claim 32 wherein (b) includes the registering of the used primitives, the registering providing handles for use in simulation time.

35. A method as claimed in claim 34, wherein at least one of the primitives includes changing the period of the clock signal.

36. A means for simulating a digital circuit operating with one or more clock signals, a clock signal being a signal having one or more attributes that provide for determining the time of the next clock signal driven event, the simulating means comprising:

means for accepting a hardware model representing the circuit;

means for scheduling one or more time-scheduled events according to the model, the scheduling in a time-scheduled event data structure, a time-scheduled event being an event whose occurrence time in a simulation time frame is defined by reference to a simulation time; and

means for scheduling one or more clock-scheduled events according to the model, a clock-scheduled event being an event whose occurrence time is defined relative to one or more attributes of at least one clock signal in the circuit;

means for predicting the occurrence time of the clock-scheduled events; and

means for processing events, the processing means at any particular simulation time processing the time-scheduled events for the particular simulation time and clock-scheduled events predicted to occur at the particular simulation time,

such that clocked-scheduled events are distinguishable from time-scheduled events, and such that each and every transition of any clock signal need not be scheduled in the time-scheduled event data structure.

37. A simulating means as recited in claim 36, wherein at least one clock signal is a repetitive clock signal, and wherein the attributes of the repetitive clock signal include at least one of the set consisting of the current value of the repetition period, an indication of whether or not the repetitive clock signal is stopped, an indication of the number of ticks of the repetitive clock signal since a reference point in time, the simulation time corresponding to the reference point, and the time increment from the present simulation time to the next tick of the repetitive clock signal, a tick being a significant edge of the repetitive clock signal.

38. A simulating means as recited in claim 37, wherein the means for predicting the occurrence time of the clock-scheduled events includes means for scheduling such events on the time-scheduled event data structure, such that processing the time-scheduled events for the particular simulation time automatically includes processing the clock-scheduled events predicted to occur at the particular simulation time.

39. A simulating means as recited in claim 37, wherein the time-scheduled event data structure is a first queue, and wherein the clock-scheduled event data structure is a second queue.

40. A simulating means as recited in claim 37, wherein the processing, by the means for processing, of the time-scheduled and clock-scheduled events for the particular simulation, includes:

(a) treating the events in the time-scheduled event data structure scheduled to occur at the particular simulation time in the time-scheduled event data structure as a current event data structure;

(b) processing the events in the current event data structure;

(c) during processing, causing the means for scheduling to schedule any events for processing at the current simulation time in a pending event data structure;

(d) after all the events in the pending event data structure are processed and the effect of such processing propagated through the model, treating events scheduled in the pending event data structure as events in a new current event data structure for events scheduled for processing at the current simulation time; and

(e) repeating (b), (c), and (d) until there are no more events scheduled to be processed at the particular simulation time,

and wherein the clock-scheduled events are such that no clock-scheduled events are scheduled in a pending event data structure.

41. A simulating means as recited in claim 37, wherein the model of the digital circuited is coded in a hardware description language extended to include primitives that provide for scheduling clock based events according to one or more attributes of a clock signal.

42. A simulating means as recited in claim 41, wherein the primitives are new commands in the hardware description language.

43. A simulating means as recited in claim 41, wherein the primitives are one or more tasks and callback functions callable from the hardware description language, a task being a section of the model such that when an instance of the model is set up during an initialization step, instances of any tasks in the model are also created, and such that a task can suspend operation of itself at a point in simulation time of the hardware model it is contained in, and resume operation at some future point in simulation time of that hardware model, and a callback function being a section of the model that operates at a single instant in simulation time of the model, a callback function being able to directly invoke from a callback function, or being schedulable to be invoked by a task or a callback function.