Process and catalysts for deep desulphurization of fuels
First Claim
1. ) Process for oxidative desulphurization of hydrotreated hydrocarbon mixtures which boil within the range of 180°
- to 360°
C., containing less than 350 ppm of sulphur as thiophenic compounds, which comprises;
a) putting these mixtures in contact, in the presence of an organic peroxide, with a catalytic composition comprising a completely amorphous micro and/or mesoporous mixed oxide containing an oxide matrix selected from silica, alumina, ceria, magnesia and mixtures of thereof, wherein one or more oxidative metal oxides selected from transition metal oxides and group IVA metal oxides are uniformly dispersed, and b) separating the obtained corresponding sulphur oxygenated products from the hydrocarbon mixture.
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Abstract
The present invention concerns a process for oxidative desulphurization of hydrotreated hydrocarbon mixtures which boil within the range of 180° to 360° C., containing less than 350 ppm of sulphur as thiophenic compounds, said process comprising the steps of a) putting these mixtures in contact, in the presence of an organic peroxide, with a catalytic composition comprising a completely amorphous micro and/or mesoporous mixed oxide containing an oxide matrix selected from silica, alumina, ceria, magnesia and mixtures of thereof, wherein one or more oxidative metal oxides selected from transition metal oxides and group IVA metal oxides are uniformly dispersed, and b) separating the obtained corresponding sulphur oxygenated products from the hydrocarbon mixture.
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Citations
49 Claims
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1. ) Process for oxidative desulphurization of hydrotreated hydrocarbon mixtures which boil within the range of 180°
- to 360°
C., containing less than 350 ppm of sulphur as thiophenic compounds, which comprises;
a) putting these mixtures in contact, in the presence of an organic peroxide, with a catalytic composition comprising a completely amorphous micro and/or mesoporous mixed oxide containing an oxide matrix selected from silica, alumina, ceria, magnesia and mixtures of thereof, wherein one or more oxidative metal oxides selected from transition metal oxides and group IVA metal oxides are uniformly dispersed, and b) separating the obtained corresponding sulphur oxygenated products from the hydrocarbon mixture. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
- to 360°
-
31. ) Catalytic composition comprising a completely amorphous micro-mesoporous mixed oxide consisting of a silica and alumina matrix wherein one or more metal oxides are uniformly dispersed, these being selected from the oxides of titanium, zirconium, vanadium, tin, characterized by a surface area of more than 500 m2/g, a pore volume of between 0.3 and 1.3 ml/g, an average pore diameter of less than 40 Å
- , and a XRD spectrum from powders that does not have a crystalline structure and does not show any peak.
- View Dependent Claims (36, 37)
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32. ) Catalytic composition comprising a completely amorphous micro-mesoporous mixed oxide consisting of a matrix of silica or a matrix of silica and alumina, wherein one or more metal oxides are uniformly dispersed selected from oxides of titanium, zinc, vanadium and tin, excluding the mixed oxides containing a silica matrix wherein titanium oxide is uniformly dispersed, said catalytic composition being characterized by an X-ray diffraction spectrum (XRD) that does not have a crystalline structure, has a widespread reflection at angular value not greater than 2θ
- =5°
, with CuKα
radiation, while other scattering phenomena coherent for greater angular values are absent.
- =5°
-
33. ) Catalytic composition comprising a completely amorphous micro-mesoporous mixed oxide containing an oxide matrix selected from silica, alumina, ceria, magnesia and mixtures of thereof, wherein one or more metal oxides selected from oxides of Ti, V, Zr, Sn, are uniformly dispersed, excluding the mixed oxide of MSA type containing a silica matrix wherein one or more metal oxides are uniformly dispersed selected from the oxides of titanium, zirconium, vanadium, tin and excluding the mixed oxide of ERS-8 type containing a silica matrix wherein titanium oxide is uniformly dispersed.
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34. ) Catalytic composition comprising a completely amorphous micro and/or mesoporous mixed oxides containing a matrix selected from silica, alumina, ceria, magnesia and mixtures of thereof, wherein one or more metal oxides selected from transition metal oxides and group IVA metal oxides are uniformly dispersed, whose surface has —
- O—
Si(R)3 groups, R being the same or different each other and being selected from C1-C4 alkyl, aryl and polyaryl groups, that optionally contain functional groups selected from acids, amines, thiols, sulfonics or trialkylamines. - View Dependent Claims (35, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 49)
- O—
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48. ) Process for preparing a micro-mesoporous completely amorphous mixed oxide of MSA type containing a matrix of an oxide (YO) selected from silica, alumina, ceria, magnesia and mixtures of thereof, wherein one or more metal oxides (MO) selected from transition metal oxides and group IVA metal oxides are uniformly dispersed, comprising:
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(a) subjecting to hydrolysis and gelification a solution of one or more soluble or hydrolizable compounds of Si, Al, Ce, Mg, or mixture thereof, in alcohol, with an aqueous solution of a hydroxide of tetra-alkylammonium having the formula (I);
R′
4N—
OHwherein R′
represents a C3-C7 alkyl group and of one or more soluble or hydrolizable compounds of one or more transition metals or group IVA metal, preferably selected from Ti, V, Zr, Sn, the quantity of the constituents of the above solution being such as to respect the following molar ratios;
alcohol/YO=5-20 R′
4N—
OH/YO=0.05-0.5;
H2O/YO=5-30 YO/MO≧
5whereas the ratio H2O/R′
4N+ varies according to the number of carbon atoms in the R′
alkyl chain, in accordance with the values shown in table A belowTABLE A R′ H2O/R′
4N+Hexyl >
133Pentyl >
100Butyl >
73Propyl >
53operating at a temperature between the room temperature and the boiling point, at atmospheric pressure, of the alcohol used and of any alcohol which develops as by-product of the above hydrolysis reaction, without the elimination or substantial elimination of said alcohols from the reaction environment, preferably at a temperature of between 20°
C. and 80°
C.;
(b) subjecting the gel obtained in step (a) to drying and calcinations.
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Specification