Integrated cardiopulmonary bypass system for open and closed bypass circuits

• US 20060155237A1
• Filed: 11/14/2005
• Published: 07/13/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 11/18/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medici Life Sciences Licensing Company LLC (The Medici Portfolio LLC)
• Original Assignee: Venkataramana Vijay
• Inventors: Vijay, Venkataramana
• Granted Patent: US 7,458,952 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 604/6.110
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/1698 Blood oxygenators with or without heat-exchangers intracorporal A61M1/1678; manufacturing of membranes therefor B01D67/00; semi-permeable membranes for separation processes characterised by their properties B01D69/00; semi-permeable membranes characterised by their material B01D71/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3623 Means for actively controlling temperature of blood
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3627 Degassing devices; Buffer reservoirs; Drip chambers; Blood filters
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3666 Cardiac or cardiopulmonary bypass, e.g. heart-lung machines
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 1/3667 with assisted venous return
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/113 in other functional devices, e.g. dialysers or heart-lung machines
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/232 Centrifugal pumps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/38 Blood oxygenation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/851 Valves
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/892 Active valves, i.e. actuated by an external force
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 60/894 Passive valves, i.e. valves actuated by the blood

Abstract

A completely integrated cardiopulmonary bypass system includes a common casing provided with a reservoir, a venous air trap, oxygenator, heat-exchanger and a pump. This totally integrated system provides for volume sequestration and for bypassing the reservoir without use of a shunt. The system also provides for open or closed circuit operation, thereby permitting the volume sequestration. The closed circuit operation has a venous air trap for air removal, thus retaining the safety features of both open reservoir and closed-venous air trap systems.

Claims

1. A cardiopulmonary bypass system for connection to a venous-side blood source and an arterial-side blood return, comprising:

a reservoir in fluid communication with the venous-side blood source;

a venous air trap for removing air entrained within blood from the venous-side blood source passing through the air trap;

a pump for moving blood from the reservoir toward the arterial side blood return;

an oxygenator for oxygenating blood from the a venous-side blood source; and

a heat-exchanger through which the blood is transferred,

the reservoir, the air trap, the pump, the heat exchanger and the oxygenator all provided in a common housing.

2. A bypass system according to claim 1, wherein:

the reservoir substantially surrounds the air trap, the pump, the heat exchanger and the oxygenator.

3. A bypass system according to claim 1, wherein:

the air trap is substantially completely located within the reservoir.

4. A bypass system according to claim 1, wherein:

the air trap causes the direction of the flow of blood to reverse.

5. A bypass system according to claim 4, wherein:

the air trap includes two 180°

changes in direction in the flow of blood.

6. A bypass system according to claim 1, further comprising:

an active air removal system coupled to said air trap.

7. A bypass system according to claim 1, wherein:

the reservoir includes an inlet in fluid communication with the venous-side blood source and an outlet which directs blood toward the pump,

the air trap includes an inlet and an outlet, and

the pump includes an inlet,

the inlet of the reservoir defining a ‘

Y’

connector having a first end communicating with the venous-side blood source and a second branched end, a first branch of the branched end communicating with the reservoir, and a second branch of the branched end communicating with the inlet of the air trap, and

the outlet from the reservoir communicates with the outlet of the air trap and the inlet of the pump.

8. A bypass system according to claim 7, wherein:

at of each of the inlet and outlet to the reservoir is provided a three-way valve,

the valve at the inlet of the reservoir directing blood flow when (i) in a first position into the reservoir, (ii) in a second position into the air trap, and (iii) in a third position, to both the reservoir and air trap, and

the valve at the outlet of the reservoir permitting blood flow when (i) in a first position from the reservoir, (ii) in a second position from the air trap 16, and (iii) in a third position, from both the reservoir and air trap.

9. A cardiopulmonary bypass system for connection to a venous-side blood source and an arterial-side blood return, comprising:

a reservoir in fluid communication with the venous-side blood source;

a venous air trap for removing air entrained within blood from the venous-side blood source passing through the air trap, the air trap at least partially extending through the reservoir;

a pump for moving blood from the reservoir toward the arterial side blood return;

an oxygenator for oxygenating blood from the a venous-side blood source; and

a heat-exchanger through which the blood is transferred;

10. A bypass system according to claim 9, wherein:

the reservoir substantially surrounds the air trap, the pump, the heat exchanger and the oxygenator.

11. A bypass system according to claim 9, wherein:

the air trap causes the direction of the flow of blood to reverse.

12. A bypass system according to claim 11, wherein:

the air trap includes two 180°

changes in direction in the flow of blood.

13. A bypass system according to claim 9, wherein:

the reservoir is constructed of a collapsible material.

14. A bypass system according to claim 9, further comprising:

an active air removal system coupled to said air trap.

15. A bypass system according to claim 9, further comprising:

a shunt in fluid communication between the venous-side blood source and the pump and bypassing the reservoir.

16. A cardiopulmonary bypass system for connection to a venous-side blood source and an arterial-side blood return, comprising:

a reservoir in fluid communication with the venous-side blood source;

a venous air trap for removing air entrained within blood from the venous-side blood source passing through the air trap;

a pump for moving blood from the reservoir toward the arterial side blood return;

a shunt in fluid communication between the venous-side blood source and the pump such that the reservoir can be bypassed;

an oxygenator for oxygenating blood from the venous-side blood source; and

a heat-exchanger through which the blood is transferred.

17. A bypass system according to claim 16, wherein:

said shunt and said reservoir are molded together.

18. A bypass system according to claim 16, wherein:

said reservoir is a constructed of a collapsible material.

19. A bypass system according to claim 16, further comprising:

an active air removal system coupled to said air trap.

20. A cardiopulmonary bypass system for connection to a venous-side blood source and an arterial-side blood return, comprising:

a reservoir in fluid communication with the venous-side blood source;

a venous air trap for removing air entrained within blood from the venous-side blood source passing through the air trap;

a pump for moving blood from the reservoir toward the arterial side blood return;

an oxygenator for oxygenating blood from the venous-side blood source; and

a heat-exchanger through which the blood is transferred,

wherein the reservoir includes an inlet in fluid communication with the venous-side blood source and an outlet which directs blood toward the pump,

the air trap includes an inlet and an outlet, and

the pump includes an inlet,

the inlet of the reservoir defining a ‘

Y’

connector having a first end communicating with the venous-side blood source and a second branched end, a first branch of the branched end communicating with the reservoir, and a second branch of the branched end communicating with the inlet of the air trap, and the outlet from the reservoir communicates with the outlet of the air trap and the inlet of the pump.

21. A bypass system according to claim 20, wherein:

at of each of the inlet and outlet to the reservoir is provided a three-way valve,

the valve at the inlet of the reservoir directing blood flow when (i) in a first position into the reservoir, (ii) in a second position into the air trap, and (iii) in a third position, to both the reservoir and air trap, and

the valve at the outlet of the reservoir permitting blood flow when (i) in a first position from the reservoir, (ii) in a second position from the air trap 16, and (iii) in a third position, from both the reservoir and air trap.

22. A bypass system according to claim 20, further comprising:

an active air removal system coupled to said air trap.

23. A cardiopulmonary bypass system for connection to a venous-side blood source and an arterial-side blood return, comprising:

a reservoir in fluid communication with the venous-side blood source;

a pump for moving blood from the reservoir toward the arterial side blood return;

a shunt extending through the reservoir and in fluid communication between the venous-side blood source and the pump such that the reservoir can be bypassed;

an oxygenator for oxygenating blood from the venous-side blood source; and

a heat-exchanger through which the blood is transferred.

24. A bypass system according to claim 23, wherein:

said reservoir is a constructed of a collapsible material.

25. A bypass system according to claim 23, wherein:

said reservoir is a constructed of a rigid material.