Monitoring physiological signals during external electrical stimulation
First Claim
1. A device-implemented method of monitoring and stimulating the exterior of the human body with electrodes, comprising delivering stimulation pulses to stimulation electrodes applied to the exterior of the body;
- detecting an electrical potential at monitoring electrodes applied to the exterior of the body, positioning at least a first and second monitoring electrode at locations at which an electrical artifact caused by the electrical stimulation pulses is substantially cancelled in a signal formed from the electrical potentials detected at the first and second monitoring electrodes.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Electrodes and circuitry for monitoring and stimulating the exterior of the human body, comprising delivering stimulation pulses to stimulation electrodes applied to the exterior of the body, detecting an electrical potential at monitoring electrodes applied to the exterior of the body, positioning at least a first and second monitoring electrode at locations at which an electrical artifact caused by the electrical stimulation pulses is substantially cancelled in a signal formed from the electrical potentials detected at the first and second monitoring electrodes.
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Citations
66 Claims
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1. A device-implemented method of monitoring and stimulating the exterior of the human body with electrodes, comprising
delivering stimulation pulses to stimulation electrodes applied to the exterior of the body; -
detecting an electrical potential at monitoring electrodes applied to the exterior of the body, positioning at least a first and second monitoring electrode at locations at which an electrical artifact caused by the electrical stimulation pulses is substantially cancelled in a signal formed from the electrical potentials detected at the first and second monitoring electrodes. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66)
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31. A device-implemented method of external monitoring and external stimulating the heart, comprising
delivering stimulation pulses between a first polarity stimulation electrode and a second polarity stimulation electrode applied to the exterior of the body, wherein at least the first polarity stimulation electrode comprises a plurality of smaller electrodes, through which the stimulation pulses are applied, wherein the aggregate area of the smaller electrodes is sufficient for stimulation; - and
monitoring an ECG potential by forming a difference signal that comprises the difference between the electrical potentials detected at two of the smaller electrodes, wherein the two smaller electrodes used to form the difference signal are positioned and configured so that the stimulus artifact from polarization is approximately equal on both of the smaller electrodes, so that the stimulus artifact is approximately cancelled in the difference signal. - View Dependent Claims (32)
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33. An electrode assembly for external cardiac pacing and external cardiac monitoring, comprising
at least one external stimulation electrode for delivering a pacing pulse; -
at least first and second external monitoring electrodes;
at least one positioning element to which the stimulation and first and second monitoring electrodes are connected, wherein the positioning element, stimulation electrode, and first and second monitoring electrodes are configured so that the first and second monitoring electrodes are located in positions in which an electrical artifact caused by the pacing pulses is substantially cancelled in a difference signal formed by taking a difference between the electrical potentials detected at the first and second monitoring electrodes. - View Dependent Claims (34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44)
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45. An electrode assembly for external cardiac pacing and external cardiac monitoring, comprising
at least one external stimulation electrode for delivering a pacing pulse, the stimulation electrode comprising a stimulation conductive plate; -
at least one external monitoring electrode, the monitoring electrode comprising a monitoring conductive plate;
a backing layer supporting the stimulation and monitoring electrodes, wherein the stimulation conductive plate and monitoring conductive plate are spaced apart;
a common gel layer in electrical contact with both the stimulation electrode and the monitoring electrode. - View Dependent Claims (46)
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47. An electrode assembly for external cardiac pacing and external cardiac monitoring, comprising
at least one external stimulation electrode for delivering a pacing pulse, the stimulation electrode comprising a stimulation conductive plate; -
at least one external monitoring electrode, the monitoring electrode comprising a monitoring conductive plate;
a backing layer supporting the stimulation and monitoring electrodes, wherein the stimulation conductive plate and monitoring conductive plate are spaced apart;
a first gel layer in electrical contact with the stimulation electrode;
a second gel layer in electrical contact with the monitoring electrode, wherein the first and second gel layers are spaced apart;
wherein one of the first gel layer or the second gel layer comprises a solid gel or hydrogel, and wherein the other one of the first gel layer or the second gel layer comprises a liquid gel.
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48. An electrode assembly for external stimulation and/or monitoring of a patient, the assembly comprising
at least a first and second electrode supported within the assembly; -
a first gel layer positioned adjacent the first electrode;
a second gel layer positioned adjacent the second electrode;
the first and second gel layers having different levels of moisture content; and
a moisture vapor barrier layer sized and positioned to retard moisture vapor from migrating from one of the first and second gel layers to the other of the gel layers. - View Dependent Claims (49, 50, 51, 52, 53)
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54. A multi-electrode assembly for cardiac stimulation and monitoring, the assembly comprising:
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a monitoring electrode configured to monitor electrical potential on the chest of a patient;
a stimulation electrode configured to deliver one or more stimulating pulses to the chest of a patient;
an electrode cable having first and second cable ends, the first cable end configured for connection to an external cardiac device and the second cable end configured for connection to the monitoring electrode and to the stimulation electrode; and
a non-linear circuit element electrically interposed between the second cable end and the stimulation electrode, the non-linear circuit element being configured to conduct during delivery of the stimulating pulses and to block conduction in the presence of a residual potential on the stimulating electrode following delivery of a stimulation pulse. - View Dependent Claims (55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61)
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Specification