Resonant sensor and sensing system
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Accused Products
Abstract
The disclosed sensor chip includes a substrate and a moving member coupled to the substrate and disposed for movement relative to the substrate. The moving member moves relative to the substrate in a first direction and in a second direction in response to movement of the substrate. The first direction is different than the second direction. The moving member includes a plurality of receptors. The receptors are configured for selectively binding to a first measurand.
72 Citations
82 Claims
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1-40. -40. (canceled)
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41. An apparatus for determining a property of a sample, comprising:
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a substrate;
a moving member i) coupled to the substrate by a plurality of connections, and ii) moving relative to the substrate; and
at least one receptor area located on the moving member for selectively binding to a first measurand.
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42. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising a plurality of tethers for coupling the substrate to the moving member.
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43. The apparatus of claim 42 wherein the tethers are elastic and allow for movement of the moving member relative to the substrate.
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44. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein the moving member moves relative to the substrate in a plurality of directions.
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45. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein motion of the substrate excites motion in the moving member.
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46. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein the moving member oscillates in more than one mode.
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47. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein the substrate defines a plane and the moving member moves relative to the substrate in the plane of the substrate.
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48. The apparatus of claim 47 wherein a first direction is substantially perpendicular to a second direction.
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49. The apparatus of claim 47 wherein a first direction is substantially linear and a second direction is rotational.
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50. The apparatus of claim 47 wherein the moving member defines a second plane, the second plane substantially parallel to the substrate plane.
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51. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein the moving member oscillates relative to the substrate.
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52. The apparatus of claim 51 wherein the moving member oscillates in at least two directions relative to the substrate.
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53. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein the receptor area is centrally disposed on the moving member.
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54. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein the receptor area is distributed over the moving member.
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55. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein the receptor area comprises a plurality of receptor sites.
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56. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein the receptor area can bind at least two different measurands.
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57. The apparatus of claim 41, comprising a blocking site located on the moving member limiting binding of materials in a sample to the moving member.
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58. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein the measurand is at least one of a biological or chemical measurand.
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59. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein environmental factors affecting operation of the apparatus are discriminated from effects of the measurand on the apparatus.
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60. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein the moving member is excited by motion of the substrate.
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61. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein a system measures motion of the moving member.
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62. The apparatus of claim 61 wherein motion of the moving member is measured relative to the substrate.
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63. A method for determining a property of a sample, comprising:
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exposing a first receptor area of a member to a first measurand;
moving a substrate that is coupled to the member by a plurality of connections; and
monitoring movement of the member relative to the substrate.
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64. The method of claim 63 wherein the member moves relative to the substrate in a plurality of directions.
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65. The method of claim 63 wherein motion of the substrate excites motion in the member.
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66. The method of claim 65 wherein a first direction is substantially perpendicular to a second direction.
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67. The method of claim 65 wherein a first direction is substantially linear and a second direction is rotational.
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68. The method of claim 63 wherein movement of the member is monitored relative to the substrate in a place of the substrate.
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69. The method of claim 68 wherein the member defines a second plane, the second plane substantially parallel to the substrate plane.
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70. The method of claim 63 wherein the member oscillates relative to the substrate.
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71. The method of claim 70 wherein the member oscillates in at least two directions relative to the substrate.
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72. The method of claim 63 wherein the receptor area is centrally disposed on the member.
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73. The method of claim 63 wherein the receptor area is distributed over the member.
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74. The method of claim 63 wherein the receptor area comprises a plurality of receptor sites.
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75. The method of claim 73 exposing the receptor area to a second measurand, wherein the first and second measurand bind to the receptor area.
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76. The method of claim 63 wherein the member comprises a blocking site for limiting binding of materials in a sample to the moving member.
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77. The method of claim 63 wherein the measurand is at least one of a biological or chemical measurand.
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78. The method of claim 63, comprising discriminating between environmental factors affecting operation of the apparatus and effects of the measurand affecting operation of the apparatus.
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79. The method of claim 63, comprising exciting the member by motion of the substrate.
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80. The method of claim 63, comprising measuring motion of the member.
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81. The method of claim 80 wherein motion of the member is measured relative to the substrate.
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82. An apparatus for determining a property of a sample, comprising:
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means for exposing a first receptor area of a member to a first measurand;
means for moving a substrate that is coupled to the member by a plurality of connections; and
means for monitoring movement of the member relative to the substrate.
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Specification