Apparatuses and methods for arthroplastic surgery

• US 20060200158A1
• Filed: 01/27/2006
• Published: 09/07/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 01/29/2005
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Zimmer Technology Incorporated (Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Zimmer Technology Incorporated (Zimmer Biomet Holdings, Inc.)
• Inventors: Gareiss, W. Scott, Berger, Richard, Hodorek, Robert A., Griner, Adam M., Farling, Toby N.
• Application Number:
  US11/342,357
• Publication Number:
  US 20060200158A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 606/87
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/155 Cutting femur
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/157 Cutting tibia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/061 for measuring dimensions, e.g. length

Abstract

A distal cut guide assembly including an intramedullary rod, an alignment guide extending from the rod at an angle and having a slot, a cut guide body having a rail defining a rail axis, a coupling member slidably coupled to rail, and a handle slidably and pivotally joining coupling member to slot and defining a handle axis. The position of the guide body being adjustable relative to the bone along rail axis and slot and about handle axis. A tibial cut guide assembly including a cut guide support member and a cut guide pivotally attached to the support member. An arthroplastic spacer including a spacer block having an axis of symmetry. The spacer includes a handle having a linear portion aligned with and longitudinally bisected by the axis of symmetry and a curved portion coupling linear portion to block. The curved portion is spaced from the axis of symmetry.

Claims

1. A distal cut guide assembly for cutting a distal end of a femur, the femur having an intramedullary canal defining a canal axis, said distal cut guide assembly comprising:

an alignment guide having an upper surface, an opposing lower surface and an elongated slot extending therethrough from said upper surface to said lower surface, said slot defining a slot axis, said slot axis extending at an angle relative to said canal axis;

a cut guide body having opposing first and second surfaces, opposing distal and proximal sides extending between said first and second surfaces, and opposing anterior and posterior ends extending between both said first and second surfaces and said distal and proximal sides, said cut guide body defining at least one cut guide surface extending from said first surface to said second surface, said distal side having a rail extending between said anterior and posterior ends and defining a rail axis;

a coupling member having an upper portion and a lower portion, said upper portion slidably received within said slot and having an opening extending therein, said opening in alignment with said slot, said lower portion protruding from said slot and having a channel, said rail of said cut guide body being slidably received within said channel such that said rail axis extends at an angle relative to said slot axis and said canal axis, said upper portion being at least partially rotatable within said slot to thereby adjust the angle of said rail axis relative to said slot axis; and

a handle having an engagement end extending through said slot and in an adjustable engagement with said opening of said coupling member, said handle adjustable between a locked position wherein said engagement with said opening prevents both said upper portion from sliding and rotating within said slot and said rail from sliding within said channel, and a released position wherein said engagement with said opening allows both said upper portion to slide and rotate within said slot and said rail to slide within said channel.

2. The distal cut guide assembly of claim 1 wherein said coupling member has a hexagonally shaped cross-section including three pair of opposing walls, one of said three pair of opposing walls being shorter in length than said other two of said three pair of opposing walls.

3. The distal cut guide assembly of claim 1 wherein said distal side includes at least one locking tab positioned proximal each of said anterior and posterior ends, said locking tab deflectable from said rail to restrict the movement of said channel along said rail at said anterior and posterior ends.

4. The distal cut guide assembly of claim 3 wherein said at least one locking tab includes a pair of locking tabs positioned at each of said anterior and posterior ends.

5. The cut guide assembly of claim 1 wherein said slot has captured portion adjacent said upper surface and an open-ended portion adjacent said lower surface, said upper portion of said coupling member received within said open-ended portion.

6. The cut guide assembly of claim 1 wherein said at least one cut guide surface includes an elongated aperture extending through said cut guide body from said first side to said second side.

7. The cut guide assembly of claim 1 wherein said channel has a T-shaped cross section and said rail is a T-shaped projection complementary to said channel.

8. A distal cut guide assembly for cutting a distal end of a femur, the femur having an intramedullary canal, said distal cut guide assembly comprising:

an intramedullary rod defining a rod axis and configured to be inserted into the intramedullary canal of the femur;

an alignment guide extending from said rod and having an upper surface, an opposing lower surface and an elongated slot extending therethrough from said upper surface to said lower surface, said slot defining a slot axis extending at an angle relative to said rod axis;

a cut guide body having opposing first and second surfaces, opposing distal and proximal sides extending between said first and second surfaces, and opposing anterior and posterior ends extending between both said first and second surfaces and said distal and proximal sides, said cut guide body defining at least one cut guide surface extending from said first surface to said second surface, said distal side having a rail extending between said anterior and posterior ends and defining a rail axis;

a coupling member having an upper portion and an opposing lower portion, said upper portion having a hexagonally shaped cross-section including first, second and third pairs of opposing walls, said first pair of opposing walls being shorter in length than said second and third pairs of opposing walls, said upper portion slidably received within said slot and having an opening extending therein, said opening in alignment with said slot, said lower portion protruding from said slot and having a channel, said rail of said cut guide body being slidably received within said channel such that said rail axis extends at an angle relative to said slot axis and said rod axis, said first pair of opposing walls being aligned parallel with said rail axis, said hexagonally shaped cross-section permitting said upper portion to be partially rotatable within said slot to thereby adjust the angle of said rail axis relative to said slot axis; and

a handle having an engagement end extending through said slot and engaging with said opening of said coupling member.

9. The distal cut guide assembly of claim 8 wherein said handle adjustable between a locked position wherein the engagement of said handle with said opening prevents both said upper portion from sliding and rotating within said slot and said rail from sliding within said channel, and a released position wherein the engagement of said handle with said opening allows both said upper portion to slide and rotate within said slot and said rail to slide within said channel.

10. The distal cut guide assembly of claim 8 wherein said second and third pair of opposing walls have lengths equal to one another.

11. The distal cut guide assembly of claim 8 wherein said distal side includes a pair of locking tabs proximal each of said anterior and posterior ends, said locking tabs deflectable away from said rail to restrict the movement of said channel along said rail at said anterior and posterior ends.

12. The cut guide assembly of claim 8 wherein said channel has a T-shaped cross section and said rail is a T-shaped projection complementary to said channel.

13. A distal cut guide assembly for cutting a distal end of a femur, the femur having an intramedullary canal, said distal cut guide assembly comprising:

an alignment guide having an upper surface, an opposing lower surface and an elongated slot extending therethrough from said upper surface to said lower surface, said slot defining a slot axis;

a cut guide body having opposing first and second surfaces, opposing distal and proximal sides extending between said first and second surfaces, and opposing anterior and posterior ends extending between both said first and second surfaces and said distal and proximal sides, said cut guide body defining at least one cut guide surface extending from said first surface to said second surface, said distal side having either a rail or a channel extending between said anterior and posterior ends and defining an anterior-posterior axis;

a coupling member having an upper portion and an opposing lower portion, said upper portion having a hexagonally shaped cross-section including first, second and third pairs of opposing walls, said first pair of opposing walls being shorter in length than said second and third pairs of opposing walls, said upper portion slidably disposed within said slot, said lower portion protruding from said slot and having the other of said rail or said channel, said rail being slidably received within said channel such that said anterior-posterior axis extends at an angle relative to said slot axis, said hexagonally shaped cross-section permitting said upper portion to be partially rotatable within said slot to thereby adjust the angle of said anterior-posterior axis relative to said slot axis.

14. A tibial cut guide assembly for cutting the proximal end of the tibia bone, the cut guide assembly comprising:

a cut guide support member having an upper surface, a lower surface, and an opening extending between said upper and lower surfaces, said support member including a stop post extending vertically from said upper surface;

a cut guide having a first bone engaging surface, an opposing second surface and opposing proximal and distal sides extending between said first and second surfaces, said cut guide having at least one cut guide surface extending between said first and second surfaces, said cut guide having a mounting post extending vertically from said distal side, said mounting post rotatably received within said opening of said support member, said cut guide having a track defined in said distal side, said stop post being slidably disposed within said track, said stop post and said track cooperating to limit the rotation of said mounting post in said opening; and

a vertical fixation member in engagement with said mounting post and said support member to prevent vertical movement of said mounting post within said opening.

15. The tibial cut guide assembly of claim 14 wherein said support member includes at least one hole extending therein and intersecting said opening, said mounting post includes a vertical sidewall and a groove defined in and extending about said sidewall, said groove is aligned with said at least one hole, and wherein said vertical fixation member includes a pin received in each one of said at least one hole, a portion of said pin being disposed in said groove to prevent vertical movement of said mounting post within said opening while permitting rotation of said mounting post within said opening.

16. The tibial cut guide assembly of claim 15 wherein said at least one hole includes a pair of holes extending parallel to one another.

17. The tibial cut guide assembly of claim 14 wherein said mounting post includes a central bore extending therein and said vertical fixation member includes a bolt having an enlarged head and a shaft, said shaft extending into said opening from said lower surface and engaging with said central bore, said enlarged head having a diameter larger than a diameter of said opening proximal said upper surface, said enlarged head engaging said support member to prevent vertical movement of said mounting post in said opening.

18. The tibial cut guide assembly of claim 17 wherein said shaft is threaded and said central bore is threaded, said shaft threadedly engaging said central bore.

19. A tibial cut guide assembly for cutting the proximal end of the tibia bone, the cut guide assembly comprising:

a cut guide support member having an upper surface, a lower surface, and an opening extending therein along a vertical axis between said upper and lower surfaces, said support member having at least one hole extending therein and intersecting said opening;

a cut guide having a first bone engaging surface, an opposing second surface, and opposing proximal and distal sides extending between said first and second surfaces, said cut guide having at least one cut guide surface extending between said first and second surfaces, said cut guide having a mounting post extending vertically from said distal side, said mounting post having a vertical sidewall and a groove defined in and extending about said sidewall, said mounting post rotatably received within said opening of said support member such that said groove is aligned with said at least one hole; and

a pin received in each one of said at least one hole, a portion of said pin being disposed in said groove to prevent vertical movement of said mounting post within said opening while permitting rotation of said mounting post within said opening.

20. The tibial cut guide assembly of claim 19 wherein a track is defined in one of said distal side of said cut guide and said upper surface of said support member, and wherein a stop post extends vertically from the other one of said distal side and said upper surface, said stop post being slidably disposed within said track, said stop post and said track cooperating to limit the rotation of said mounting post in said opening.

21. The tibial cut guide assembly of claim 19 wherein said bone engaging first surface is contoured for placement against the tibia bone.

22. The tibial cut guide assembly of claim 19 wherein said cut guide surface includes an elongated slot extending through said cut guide from said first surface to said second surface.

23. The tibial cut guide assembly of claim 19 wherein said at least one hole includes a pair of holes extending parallel to one another.

24. A tibial cut guide assembly for cutting the proximal end of the tibia bone, the cut guide assembly comprising:

a cut guide support member having an upper surface, a lower surface, and an opening extending between said upper and lower surfaces, said support member having at least one hole extending therein and intersecting said opening, said support member including a stop post extending vertically from said upper surface;

a cut guide having a first bone engaging surface, an opposing second surface and opposing proximal and distal sides extending between said first and second surfaces, said cut guide having at least one cut guide surface extending between said first and second surfaces, said cut guide having a mounting post extending vertically from said distal side, said mounting post having a vertical sidewall and a groove defined in and extending about said sidewall, said mounting post rotatably received within said opening of said support member such that said groove is aligned with said at least one hole, said cut guide having a track defined in said distal side, said stop post being slidably disposed within said track, said stop post and said track cooperating to limit the rotation of said mounting post in said opening; and

a pin received in each one of said at least one hole, a portion of said pin being disposed in said groove to prevent vertical movement of said mounting post within said opening while permitting rotation of said mounting post within said opening.

25. The tibial cut guide assembly of claim 24 wherein said at least one hole includes a pair of holes extending parallel to one another.

26. A tibial cut guide assembly for cutting the proximal end of the tibia bone, the cut guide assembly comprising:

a cut guide support member having an upper surface, a lower surface, and an opening extending therethrough from said upper surface to said lower surface, said opening having a first diameter;

a cut guide having a first bone engaging surface, an opposing second surface and opposing proximal and distal sides extending between said first and second surfaces, said cut guide having at least one cut guide surface extending between said first and second surfaces, said cut guide having a mounting post extending vertically from said distal side, said mounting post rotatably received within said opening of said support member, said mounting post having a central bore extending therein; and

a bolt having an enlarged head and a shaft, said shaft extending into said opening from said lower surface and engaging with said central bore, said enlarged head having a diameter larger than said first diameter of said opening such that said enlarged head engages said support member to prevent vertical movement of said mounting post in said opening.

27. The cut guide assembly of claim 26 wherein said support member includes a stop post extending vertically from said upper surface, and said cut guide has a track defined in said distal side, said stop post being slidably disposed within said track, said stop post and said track cooperating to limit the rotation of said mounting post in said opening.

28. A arthroplastic spacer for gauging a gap between a distal end of a femur and a proximal end of a tibia, the spacer comprising:

a spacer block having a medial side, a lateral side opposite said medial side, an anterior side and a posterior side opposite said anterior side, said spacer block having a superior surface and an inferior surface opposite said superior surface, said inferior and superior surfaces extending between medial, lateral, anterior and posterior sides, said spacer block including a perimeter surface extending between superior and inferior surfaces and wrapping both anteriorly-posteriorly and medially-laterally about the perimeter of said spacer block, said spacer block having a medial-lateral width extending between said medial and lateral sides and an axis of symmetry equally dividing said medial-lateral width; and

a handle including a linear portion and a curved portion, said curved portion having a first end extending from said perimeter surface at a point either medial or lateral to said axis of symmetry and a second end coupled to said linear portion, said linear portion being aligned with and longitudinally bisected by said axis of symmetry, said curved portion being spaced from said axis of symmetry.

29. The arthroplastic spacer of claim 28 wherein said linear portion includes an upper surface and a lower surface, said linear portion including at least one opening extending therethrough from said upper surface to lower surface, said at least one opening defining an opening axis, said opening axis intersecting said axis of symmetry at a predetermined, non-perpendicular angle.

30. The arthroplastic spacer of claim 28 wherein said superior surface and said perimeter surface join at an edge, a portion of said edge being beveled.

31. The arthroplastic spacer of claim 28 wherein said spacer block further includes a medial lobe and a lateral lobe, said axis of symmetry separating said medial lobe from said lateral lobe, and wherein said spacer block further includes a notch extending in said posterior side between said medial and lateral lobes.

32. The arthroplastic spacer claim 29 wherein said at least one opening includes a cylindrical hole and an elongated slot.

33. A arthroplastic spacer for gauging a gap between a distal end of a femur and a proximal end of a tibia, the spacer comprising:

a spacer block having a medial side, a lateral side opposite said medial side, an anterior side and a posterior side opposition said anterior side, said spacer block having a superior surface and an inferior surface opposite said superior surface, said inferior and superior surfaces extending between medial, lateral, anterior and posterior sides, said spacer block including a perimeter surface extending between superior and inferior surfaces and wrapping both anteriorly-posteriorly and medially-laterally about the perimeter of said spacer block, said spacer block having a medial-lateral width extending between said medial and lateral sides and a split-plane axis dividing said medial-lateral width; and

a handle including a linear portion and a curved portion, said curved portion having a first end extending from said perimeter surface at a point either medial or lateral to said split-plane axis and a second end coupled to said linear portion, said linear portion being aligned with and longitudinally bisected by said split-plane axis, said curved portion being spaced from said split-plane axis, said linear portion including an upper surface and a lower surface, said linear portion including at least one opening extending therethrough from said upper surface to lower surface, said at least one opening defining an opening axis, said opening axis intersecting said axis of symmetry at a predetermined, non-perpendicular angle.

34. The arthroplastic spacer of claim 33 wherein said superior surface and said perimeter surface join at an edge, a portion of said edge being beveled.

35. The arthroplastic spacer of claim 33 wherein said spacer block further includes a medial lobe and a lateral lobe, said split-plane axis separating said medial lobe from said lateral lobe, and wherein said spacer block further includes a notch extending in said posterior side between said medial and lateral lobes.

36. The arthroplastic spacer claim 33 wherein said at least one opening includes a cylindrical hole and an elongated slot.