Biosensors based upon actuated desorption

• US 20060205061A1
• Filed: 11/23/2005
• Published: 09/14/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 11/24/2004
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: California Institute of Technology
• Original Assignee: California Institute of Technology
• Inventors: Roukes, Michael L.
• Application Number:
  US11/287,109
• Publication Number:
  US 20060205061A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 435/287.200
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0636 Integrated biosensor, microarrays
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0645 Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2300/0861 Configuration of multiple channels and/or chambers in a single devices
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 2400/0415 electrical forces, e.g. electrokinetic
• CPC Class Codes: B01L 3/5027 by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip B01L3/5023 takes precedence; micromixers B01F33/30; microreactors for synthesis B01J19/0093; microcapillary devices in general B81B1/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/54366 Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing

Abstract

Provided are methods and systems for a rational concatenation of specific classes of proven microfluidic-based protocols to enable a systems approach to repetitive, synchronous analyte detection via a pristine detection array under programmed and/or automatic control.

Claims

1. A system for the detection of a target analyte in a fluid sample comprising:

a capture chamber comprising;

an inlet port;

an outlet port; and

at least one solid support member, wherein the solid support member is disposed between and in fluid communication with the inlet and outlet port, the at least one solid support member comprising at least one binding ligand specific for the target analyte;

a sample reservoir, fluidly connected to the inlet port;

a labeled binding ligand reservoir, fluidly connected to the inlet port;

a detector, fluidly connected to the outlet port; and

means for controlling the timed release and flow of a binding ligand from the at least one solid support to the detector.

2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a buffer reservoir fluidly connected to the capture chamber.

3. The system of claim 1, further comprising a label mixing chamber in fluid communication with the inlet port of the capture chamber.

4. The system of claim 3, further comprising a buffer reservoir fluidly connected to the label mixing chamber and the inlet port of the capture chamber.

5. The system of claim 1, further comprising a filter adapted for the removal of contaminants and in fluid communication with the sample reservoir.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one solid support comprises a plurality of binding ligands.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the plurality of binding ligands comprise an array of binding ligands.

8. The system of claim 1, comprising a means for inducing fluid flow through the system.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein said means for inducing flow comprises at least one pump.

10. The system of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of valves operational to cause, stop or reduce fluid flow through the system.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the at least one binding ligand is removably attached to the at least one solid support.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein said binding ligand is a nucleic acid.

13. The system of claim 11, wherein the binding ligand comprises a polypeptide.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the polypeptide comprises an antibody or fragment thereof.

15. The system of claim 11, wherein the binding ligand is attached by a techniques selected from the group consisting of photochemical, chemical, photoelectrical, and dielectrophoretic means.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the binding ligand is removably attached to the at least one solid support by electrophoretic forces, electrochemical means, photochemical means, or enzymatic means.

17. A method for the detection of a target analyte in a fluid sample comprising:

contacting the sample with at least one solid support member comprising at least one first binding ligand removably attached to the solid support, wherein the at least one first binding ligand is specific for the target analyte, wherein the target analyte interacts with the binding ligand to form a bound analyte;

contacting the bound analyte with a second binding ligand comprising a label, wherein the second binding ligand interacts with the target analyte to form a complex;

dissociating the complex from the solid support; and

detecting the label on the complex.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the at least one solid support comprises a plurality of binding ligands.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the plurality of binding ligands comprise an array of binding ligands.

20. The method of claim 17, wherein the method is performed in a microfluidic device.

21. The method of claim 20, wherein the detecting is performed at a time predicted based upon a flow rate from the at least one solid support to a detector and the distance from the solid substrate to a detector.

22. The method of claim 17, wherein said binding ligand is a nucleic acid.

23. The method of claim 17, wherein the binding ligand comprises a polypeptide.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the polypeptide comprises an antibody or fragment thereof.

25. The method of claim 17, wherein the binding ligand is removably attached by a technique selected from the group consisting of photochemical, chemical, photoelectrical, and dielectrophoretic.

26. The method of claim 17, wherein the binding ligand is removably attached to the at least one solid support by electrophoretic forces, electrochemical means, photochemical means, or enzymatic means.