Determination of a measure of a glycation end-product or disease state using tissue fluorescence preferentially from the dermis
First Claim
1. A method of determining a tissue state of the tissue of an individual, comprising:
- Illuminating a portion of the tissue of the individual with excitation light;
Detecting light emitted from the tissue by fluorescence of a chemical within the tissue such that light that has interacted with the dermis is preferentially detected relative to light from other layers within the tissue;
Determining the tissue state from the detected light and a model relating fluorescence and a tissue state.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A method of determining a measure of a tissue state (e.g., glycation end-product or disease state) in an individual. A portion of the tissue of the individual is illuminated with excitation light, then light emitted by the tissue due to fluorescence of a chemical with the tissue responsive to the excitation light is detected. The detected light can be combined with a model relating fluorescence with a measure of tissue state to determine a tissue state. The invention can comprise single wavelength excitation light, scanning of excitation light (illuminating the tissue at a plurality of wavelengths), detection at a single wavelength, scanning of detection wavelengths (detecting emitted light at a plurality of wavelengths), and combinations thereof. The invention also can comprise correction techniques that reduce determination errors due to detection of light other than that from fluorescence of a chemical in the tissue. For example, the reflectance of the tissue can lead to errors if appropriate correction is not employed. The invention can also comprise a variety of models relating fluorescence to a measure of tissue state, including a variety of methods for generating such models. Other biologic information can be used in combination with the fluorescence properties to aid in the determination of a measure of tissue state. The invention also comprises apparatuses suitable for carrying out the method, including appropriate light sources, detectors, and models (for example, implemented on computers) used to relate detected fluorescence and a measure of tissue state.
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Citations
62 Claims
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1. A method of determining a tissue state of the tissue of an individual, comprising:
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Illuminating a portion of the tissue of the individual with excitation light;
Detecting light emitted from the tissue by fluorescence of a chemical within the tissue such that light that has interacted with the dermis is preferentially detected relative to light from other layers within the tissue;
Determining the tissue state from the detected light and a model relating fluorescence and a tissue state. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 46, 53, 54)
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25. A method of determining a tissue state in an individual, comprising:
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Establishing an interface between an optical system and a portion of the tissue of the individual;
Determining a relationship of illumination light at an excitation wavelength and the response of primarily the dermis of the skin at a detection wavelength for each of a plurality of pairings of excitation wavelength and detection wavelength;
Determining a tissue reflectance property of the skin at each of the illumination wavelengths and at each of the detection wavelengths;
Determining a measure of the intrinsic fluorescence of the skin from the relationships of illumination light and detected light and the tissue reflectance properties;
Determining the tissue state of the individual from the intrinsic fluorescence using a model relating intrinsic fluorescence and tissue state. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 55, 56)
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29. A method of determining a model relating fluorescence and tissue state, comprising:
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For each of a plurality of subjects;
Determining a fluorescence property of a portion of the tissue of the subject composed primarily of the dermis of the subject;
Determining a tissue state of the subject;
Applying a multivariate method to the plurality of fluorescence property determinations and associated tissue state determinations to generate a model relating fluorescence property to tissue state. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 57, 58)
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41. An apparatus for the determination of a tissue state in an individual, comprising:
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An illumination subsystem;
A detection subsystem, wherein the illumination and detection system are configured such that the detection system detects light primarily from the dermis of the skin of the individual;
An analysis subsystem, comprising a model relating fluorescence property of the skin of an individual to tissue state. - View Dependent Claims (42, 59, 60)
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43. A method of determining a tissue state in an individual, comprising:
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Determining a fluorescence property of a portion of the skin of the individual by collecting primarily light that has interacted with the dermis of the skin;
Using a multivariate method to determine a tissue state of the individual from the fluorescence property. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 61, 62)
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Specification