Lithium anodes for electrochemical cells
First Claim
1. An electrode for use in an electrochemical cell, comprising:
- a base electrode material comprising lithium;
a single-ion conductive material layer;
a polymer layer between the base electrode material and the single-ion-conductive material layer; and
a temporary protective metal layer or a plasma treatment layer between the base electrode material and the polymer layer.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Provided is an anode for use in electrochemical cells, wherein the anode active layer has a first layer comprising lithium metal and a multi-layer structure comprising single ion conducting layers and polymer layers in contact with the first layer comprising lithium metal or in contact with an intermediate protective layer, such as a temporary protective metal layer, on the surface of the lithium-containing first layer. Another aspect of the invention provides an anode active layer formed by the in-situ deposition of lithium vapor and a reactive gas. The anodes of the current invention are particularly useful in electrochemical cells comprising sulfur-containing cathode active materials, such as elemental sulfur.
185 Citations
34 Claims
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1. An electrode for use in an electrochemical cell, comprising:
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a base electrode material comprising lithium;
a single-ion conductive material layer;
a polymer layer between the base electrode material and the single-ion-conductive material layer; and
a temporary protective metal layer or a plasma treatment layer between the base electrode material and the polymer layer. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. An electrochemical cell comprising:
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(a) a cathode comprising an electroactive sulfur-containing material;
(b) an anode; and
(c) an electrolyte interposed between said anode and said cathode, wherein said anode comprises;
(i) a first anode active layer comprising lithium metal;
(ii) a multi-layer structure in contact with a surface layer of said first anode active layer, wherein said multi-layer structure comprises three or more layers, wherein at least one of said three or more layers comprises a single-ion conducting layer and at least another one of said three or more layers comprises a polymer layer, wherein said first anode active layer further comprises an intermediate layer selected from the group consisting of temporary protective metal layers and plasma treatment layers, wherein said intermediate layer is interposed between said first anode active layer and said multi-layered structure. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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24. An electrochemical cell comprising:
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(a) a cathode comprising an electroactive sulfur-containing material;
(b) an anode; and
(c) an electrolyte interposed between said anode and said cathode, wherein said anode comprises;
(i) a first anode active layer comprising an alkali or alkali earth metal;
(ii) a multi-layer structure in contact with a surface layer of said first anode active layer, wherein said multi-layer structure comprises three or more layers, wherein at least one of said three or more layers comprises a single-ion conducting layer and at least another one of said three or more layers comprises a polymer layer, wherein said first anode active layer further comprises an intermediate layer selected from the group consisting of temporary protective metal layers and plasma treatment layers, wherein said intermediate layer is interposed between said first anode active layer and said multi-layered structure. - View Dependent Claims (25, 26, 27, 28)
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29. An electrode for use in an electrochemical cell, comprising:
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a base electrode material comprising lithium;
an ionically conductive metal layer;
a polymer layer between the base electrode material and the ionically conductive metal layer; and
a temporary protective metal layer or a plasma treatment layer between the base electrode material and the polymer layer. - View Dependent Claims (30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. An electrochemical cell comprising:
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(a) a cathode comprising an electroactive sulfur-containing material;
(b) an anode; and
(c) an electrolyte interposed between said anode and said cathode, wherein said anode comprises;
(i) a first anode active layer comprising lithium metal; and
(ii) a multi-layer structure in contact with a surface layer of said first anode active layer, wherein said multi-layer structure comprises three or more layers, wherein at least one of said three or more layers comprises a non-electronically conducting single-ion conducting layer and at least another one of said three or more layers comprises a polymer layer.
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Specification