System and method for improving electrical equipment accuracy by environmental condition compensation

• US 20060224345A1
• Filed: 04/04/2005
• Published: 10/05/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 04/04/2005
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Keysight Technologies, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Keysight Technologies, Inc.
• Inventors: Andersen, Brad E., Ives, Fred H., Summers, James B.
• Application Number:
  US11/098,695
• Publication Number:
  US 20060224345A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 702/107
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/2849 Environmental or reliability testing, e.g. burn-in or validation tests of individual semiconductors G01R31/2642; of printed circuits boards G01R31/2817; of IC's G01R31/2855
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 35/005 Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references G01R33/0035, G01R35/002 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 1/0201 Thermal arrangements, e.g. for cooling, heating or preventing overheating
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 1/0237 High frequency adaptations H05K1/0216 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 1/0268 for electrical inspection or testing
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 1/162 incorporating printed capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 2201/10151 Sensor
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 2203/163 Monitoring a manufacturing process
• CPC Class Codes: H05K 2203/165 Stabilizing, e.g. temperature stabilization

Abstract

A system and method is designed to measure its own environmentally caused inaccuracies and, based upon these measurements, adjust itself to compensate for the inaccuracies. In one embodiment, a test system first measures the signal loss through a model “long” path constructed in the same substrate as is the main test circuit. Since the test path is constructed on the same substrate it then represents the actual environmental impact on the test circuit. The test signal is then sent through a “short” test path and the ratio difference from a reference measurement condition between the two paths yields the necessary compensation which is then used to calibrate the test circuit. In another embodiment, a test signal is applied across a capacitance made up of copper on different layers of substrate material. The actual environmental conditions on the substrate layers modify the measured capacitance value, which is then provided along with temperature as input to a model which determines compensation for the test circuit. Both embodiments can be applied to individual circuits or to systems that are subject to environmentally induced changes to their transmission line loss characteristics.

Claims

1. An electrical circuit comprising:

circuitry for generating an output signal having a certain set of characteristics, said characteristics subject to change dependant upon the present environmental loss characteristics of said electrical circuit;

means for determining the present environmental loss characteristics of said electrical circuit; and

means controlled at least in part by said determining means for maintaining said certain set of characteristics without regard to said present environmental loss characteristics of said electrical circuit.

2. The circuit of claim 1 wherein said circuitry is contained on a substrate and wherein said determining means comprises:

means for propagating signals through a path constructed on said substrate.

3. The circuit of claim 1 wherein said determining means comprises:

means for propagating signals through a test path constructed to yield an output signal, which is characteristic of the present environmental loss characteristics of said electrical circuit.

4. The circuit of claim 1 wherein said maintaining means makes corrections for environmental changes to improve the accuracy of a measuring receiver.

5. The circuit of claim 4 wherein said accuracy improvement is in the range of +/−

0.4 to 0.5 dB from 500 MHz to 2,500 MHz.

6. The circuit of claim 1 wherein said maintaining means makes corrections for environmental changes to improve the accuracy of a power meter.

7. The circuit of claim 6 wherein said accuracy improvement is in the range of +/−

0.4 to 0.5 dB from 500 MHz to 2,500 MHz.

8. The circuit of claim 1 wherein said maintaining means makes corrections for environmental changes to improve the accuracy of a measurement test system, said system comprising at least one signal from the list of:

signal generators, measuring receivers, power meters.

9. The circuit of claim 8 wherein said accuracy improvement is in the range of +/−

0.4 to 0.5 dB from 500 MHz to 2,500 MHz.

10. The method of testing equipment in an environment in which moisture changes the test signal along a signal trace on a substrate;

said method comprising compensating said test signal for the cumulated effects of said moisture.

11. The method of claim 10 wherein said compensating comprises:

propagating a calibration signal along a test path constructed such that said cumulated effects of said moisture can be determined.

12. The method of claim 10 wherein said test path is constructed in said substrate.

13. The method of claim 11 wherein said test path is constructed in a material having a response to moisture similar to the response to moisture of said substrate.

14. The method of claim 10 wherein said compensations comprises:

measuring capacitance changes in a material having a response to moisture in a known relationship to the moisture response of said substrate.

17. The system of claim 14 wherein said signal generator is contained on a first substrate and wherein said signal measuring receiver is contained on a second substrate;

and wherein

said circuitry for determining the present environmental loss characteristics of said signal generator comprises, at least in part, test circuitry constructed on said first substrate; and

said circuitry for determining the present environmental loss characteristics of said signal measuring receiver comprises, at least in part, test circuitry constructed on said second substrate.

15. A test system comprising:

a signal generator;

a signal measuring receiver;

circuitry for determining the present environmental loss characteristics of said signal generator and said signal measurement receiver; and

circuitry operative in response to said determining circuitry for adjusting either said signal measuring receiver or said signal generator or both said signal measuring receiver and said signal generator to account for said present environmental loss characteristics of said electrical circuit.

16. The system of claim 15 wherein said determining circuitry comprises:

circuitry for propagating signals through at least one test circuit constructed to yield an output signal which is characteristic of the present environmental loss characteristics of said signal generator and said signal measurement receiver.

18. The system of claim 15 wherein said adjusting circuitry makes corrections for environmental changes to improve the accuracy of said signal generator or said signal measuring receiver or both said signal generator and said signal measuring receiver.

19. The system of claim 18 wherein said adjusting circuitry makes corrections for environmental changes to improve the accuracy of said signal generator or said signal measuring receiver or both said signal generator and said signal measuring receiver.

20. The method of calibrating a test protocol, said method comprising:

generating a test protocol compensation data under control of circuitry constructed on at least one substrate having a certain set of physical properties, said physical properties influenced by accumulated environmental conditions in a manner similar to the influence said environmental conditions exert on the circuitry controlling an actual test.

21. The method of claim 20 wherein said generation comprises propagating a calibration signal along a test path constructed such that the cumulative effects of the environment on said test protocol can be determined from said calibration signal thereby allowing said test protocol to be adjusted for the cumulative effects of said environment on said test equipment.

22. The method of claim 21 wherein said test protocol comprises high frequency signals.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein said propagating comprises sending a calibration signal along a test path constructed on a substrate having said certain set of physical properties thereby allowing said test protocol to be adjusted for the effects of environment on said test equipment.

24. The method of claim 23 wherein said propagating further comprises sending said test signal along a long path and a short path of said substrate to arrive at a ratio, said ratio representing said effects of said environment.

25. The method of claim 23 wherein said test path substrate and said protocol control circuitry substrate are together on the same substrate.

26. The method of claim 23 wherein said test path is in equipment separate from said at least one protocol control substrate.

27. The method of claim 20 wherein the test protocol comprises:

measuring circuit board temperature, and

measuring the capacitance of a capacitor formed using the circuit board material as a dielectric.

28. The method of claim 27 wherein said measuring is such that said cumulative effects of the environment on said test protocol can be determined from a set of computations to determine environmental correction data for the test protocol.

29. The method of claim 28 wherein said measuring comprises measuring the capacitance of capacitors formed on a plurality of layers of said circuit board.

30. The method of claim 29 wherein said measuring:

comprises measuring the circuit board temperature and capacitance of capacitors formed on a plurality of layers of a separate multi-layer material having properties similar to the properties of said circuit board.

31. The method of claim 30 wherein said capacitance measurement is performed using a capacitance analog to digital converter.

32. The method of claim 20 wherein said test protocol is used to improve the accuracy of at least one device selected from the list of signal generators;

measuring receivers;

power meters.

33. The method of claim 32 wherein said test protocol is used to improve the accuracy of at least one device selected from the list of signal generators;

measuring receivers;

power meters.

34. The method of calibrating electronic test equipment comprising:

at a point in time, initially calibrating an RF signal to compensate for inaccuracies in said RF signal; and

at a later point in time recalibrating said RF signal to compensate for changes to said RF signal caused by the cumulative effects of moisture and temperature on the circuit board containing the RF path through which said RF signal propagates.

35. The method of claim 34 wherein said recalibrating achieves an overall RF source accuracy specification improvement of +/−

0.4 to 0.5 dB from 500 MHz to 2,500 MHz.

36. The method of claim 35 wherein said recalibrating comprises:

sending an RF calibration signal along a test path constructed in material having properties similar to the properties of said circuit board.

37. The method of claim 36 wherein said recalibrating further comprises:

sending said RF calibrating signal so that it is alternately applied to a short version of said test path as well as to said mock path so as to provide a ratio between the mock path and the short path to allow for RF signal changes only between said initial calibrating and said recalibrating to effect said recalibrating.

38. The method of claim 35 wherein said recalibrating comprises:

measuring circuit board temperature, measuring the capacitance of a capacitor formed using the circuit board material as dielectric; and

applying a set of computations to determine environmental correction data.

39. The method of claim 36 wherein said capacitance measuring comprises:

measuring the capacitance of capacitors formed on a plurality of layers of said circuit board.

40. The method of claim 39 wherein said capacitance measuring is performed using a capacitance analog to digital converter.