Bipolar, Non-Vectorial Electrocardiography

• US 20060235318A1
• Filed: 10/06/2005
• Published: 10/19/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 07/27/1999
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Jorge Ordonez Smith
• Original Assignee: Jorge Ordonez Smith
• Inventors: Ordonez Smith, Jorge Hernando
• Application Number:
  US11/163,140
• Publication Number:
  US 20060235318A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/509
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/349 Detecting specific parameters of the electrocardiograph cycle

Abstract

The present invention consists of analyzing the changes of electrical potential that occur in the body in synchronization with the contraction of the heart generated by the conduction of the monophasic electrical potentials occur during the contraction of the different structures that comprise the heart by the different muscular masses that are in close contact with each of them and a method to obtain EKGs by simultaneously recording from sixteen to over one hundred leads placing one “Common or Positive Electrode” on one of the extremities and from sixteen to a hundred “Exploring or Negative Electrodes” on the cephalic two thirds of the torso, close to the heart. In the “Bipolar” mode the “Common or Positive Electrode” is placed, preferably, on the distal third of the left leg. In the “Unipolar” mode, the “Common or Positive Electrode” is connected to an extra-corporeal “Constant Value Electrode”.

Claims

1. A method of analyzing the changes of electrical potential that occurs in or on the body in synchronization with the heart beat as bipolar leads generated by the conduction of the monophasic electrical potentials of the different structures that form the myocardium by the direct contact of these structures with the muscular masses that are in close contact with them.

3. A method of claim 1 and claim 2 wherein the changes of potential on or in the body that occur simultaneously with the contraction of the heart are registered to obtain:

“

Bipolar”

electrocardiograms by connecting the “

Exploring or negative terminal” and

the “

Common or positive terminal”

of the amplifier to electrodes placed in the surface of the body to detect the changes of potential on the surface of the body that occur in synchronicity with the contraction of the heart, based on the fact that said changes are conducted from the myocardium to the surface through three mayor muscular masses;

the spinal musculature, the diaphragm and the musculature of the chest and abdominal walls. Said method comprising of;

1) Placing, from 16 to 100 electrodes on the cephalic two thirds of the subject'"'"'s torso, one on the distal third of the either of the legs or right arm, and one ground electrode on any area of the body.

2) Amplifier means connected to the electrodes to obtain analog electrocardiographic amplified signals pairing the negative terminal of each individual low-noise, high-gain, input switch isolated amplifier to its own Exploring or Negative Electrode placed on the subject'"'"'s torso, and the positive terminal of all the amplifiers to the Common or Positive Electrode placed in the subject'"'"'s legs or right arm.

3) Analog/digital conversion means connected to the amplifier means to transform each amplified analog electrocardiographic tracing to sets of digital data.

4) A band-pass band-stop digital filter means connected to the analog/digital means to improve the signal-to-noise ratio in the electrocardiographic digital data sets.

5) A calculator means connected to the digital filter means to obtain the difference between the filtered electrocardiographic digital data sets by pairing them, at random, to obtain the second derivative digital data sets,

g) f″

(1-6), f″

(2-12), . . . f″

(14-n).

6) A data analyzer means connected to the calculator means and the digital filter means to analyze the differences between the values of the second derivative digital data sets and the filtered electrocardiographic digital data sets of the first derivative. The values not found to be common between the two sets of derivatives are reported as values originated from the Common or Positive Electrode.

7) A calculator means connected to the data analyzer means to subtract from the filtered electrocardiographic digital data sets the digital data sets of the values originating from the Common or Positive Electrode.

8) Calculator means connected to the digital filter means, the digital disk means and the modem means to obtain “

bipolar”

filtered electrocardiographic digital data sets.

9) Data analyzer means connected to the digital filter means, the calculator means and the digital disk means to obtain the differences between the current filtered electrocardiographic digital data sets and the previously saved identified electrocardiographic digital data sets.

10) A data processor means connected to the data analyzer means and calculator means to identify each set of electrocardiographic digital data by the anatomical placement of its Exploring or Negative Electrode and the identification data of the subject.

11) A digital disk drive means connected to the data processor means and the data analyzer means to save or retrieve identified electrocardiographic digital data sets.

12) A printer means connected to the processor means to print the electrocardiogram.

13) A modem means connected to the data processor means and the data analyzer means to retrieve from or save on a remote digital disk the identified electrocardiographic digital data sets.

14) A keyboard means connected to the data processor means for the operator to submit the information to identify the electrocardiographic digital data sets and give the commands to store or retrieve the identified electrocardiographic digital data sets.

4. A method of claim 3 wherein “

Unipolar”

electrocardiograms are obtained by the detection of the changes of potential in the body surface that occur in synchronicity with the contraction of the heart. Said method comprising of the same elements

     1) to

     14) as the previous embodiment and of;

15) A Constant Value Electrode means connected to amplifier means to obtain “

unipolar”

electrocardiographic leads.

5. A method of claim 3 and claim 4 wherein the areas of placement of the “

Exploring or Positive Electrodes”

are selected to gather information, on each of the different waves that comprises the electrocardiogram, according to the areas where they are more prominent and obvious.

6. A method of claim 3 wherein the values generated by the electrode placed in the subject'"'"'s leg or right arm are calculated by:

1) Randomly pairing the values of the first derivatives,

h) f′

(1-F), f′

(2-F), . . . f′

(n−

F).

2) Subtracting the paired first derivatives to obtain the second derivatives,

i) f″

(1-F)-(12-F), f″

(6-F)-(20-F), . . . f″

(n-F)-(14-F).

3) Analyzing the values of the second derivatives against the values of the first derivatives to obtain the values that are present in the first derivatives but are absent in the second derivatives to obtain the values generated by the leg or arm,

j) fF_g or fR_g.

7. A method of claim 3 and claim 6 wherein the values generated by the Common or positive Terminal”

connected to the electrode placed in the subject'"'"'s leg or right arm are subtracted from the values of the first derivatives 1 to n,

k) f(1-F_g), f (2-F_g), . . . f(n-F_g).

The results of the subtractions are to be reported in the final graphic as the values generated from electrodes 1 to n.

8. A method of claim 3, claim 4, claim 6, and claim 7 wherein the final report of the electrocardiogram, beside the standard graphic, will include all the identified electrocardiographic digital data sets, obtained by the recorder, saved in a digital disk. This will allow the operator, in the future, to obtain new electrocardiograms placing the electrodes in the same anatomical sites as the original electrocardiogram and obtain meaningful comparisons, by the recording equipment, between the newly obtained electrocardiographic digital data sets and the previously saved identified electrocardiographic digital data sets.

9. A method of claim 3 and claim 8 wherein changes found between the previously saved identified electrocardiographic digital data sets and the new electrocardiographic digital data sets are shown in the final graphic report.

2. A method of analyzing the P wave, the QRS complex, the ST segment, the T wave, and the U wave of the electrocardiogram as generated by the differences in amplitude, morphology, and timing of the monophasic potentials generated by the different structures of the myocardium and conducted to the different areas of the body by the muscular masses that are in close contact with them.