Nanoparticulate solar control concentrates

• US 20060269739A1
• Filed: 05/31/2005
• Published: 11/30/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 05/31/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kuraray America, Inc. (Kuraray Company Limited)
• Original Assignee: E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company (Corteva, Inc.)
• Inventors: Hayes, Richard A., Fugiel, Richard A., Phillips, Thomas R.
• Granted Patent: US 8,029,891 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 428/328
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10018 comprising only one glass sheet
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10036 comprising two outer glass sheets
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10174 Coatings of a metallic or dielectric material on a constituent layer of glass or polymer
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10633 Infrared radiation absorbing or reflecting agents
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10688 Adjustment of the adherence to the glass layers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/10761 containing vinyl acetal
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2250/24 All layers being polymeric
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2264/102 Oxide or hydroxide
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2264/12 Mixture of at least two particles made of different materials
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2270/00 Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/42 Polarizing, birefringent, filtering
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/518 bi-axially
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/546 Flexural strength; Flexion stiffness
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2457/12 Photovoltaic modules
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/08 of synthetic resin
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/18 characterised by the use of special additives
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/322 comprising halogenated polyolefins, e.g. PTFE
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/36 comprising polyesters
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/42 comprising condensation resins of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas or melamines
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 3/226 : using a polymer as a carrier
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/25 : Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/256 : Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31504 : Composite [nonstructural laminate]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31507 : Of polycarbonate
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31551 : Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31616 : Next to polyester [e.g., alkyd]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31623 : Next to polyamide or polyimide
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31725 : Of polyamide
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31786 : Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31855 : Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers

Abstract

Provided are compositions comprising infrared absorptive inorganic nanoparticles and a matrix material and methods to produce the compositions. The infrared absorptive inorganic nanoparticles preferably include antimony tin oxide (ATO), indium tin oxide (ITO), or mixtures thereof. Also provided are polymer blends, polymeric films and sheets, solar control laminates, and processes to produce the polymer blends, polymeric films and sheets and solar control laminates.

Claims

1. A nanoparticulate solar control concentrate comprising

a. a matrix material;

and

b. inorganic infrared absorbing nanoparticles comprising antimony tin oxide, indium tin oxide, or a mixture of antimony tin oxide and indium tin oxide;

wherein the inorganic infrared absorbing nanoparticles are present at a level of about 30 wt % to about 80 wt %, based on the total weight of the nanoparticulate solar control concentrate.

2. The nanoparticulate solar control concentrate of claim 1, wherein the inorganic infrared absorbing nanoparticles are present at a level of about 30 wt % to about 50 wt %, based on the total weight of the nanoparticulate solar control concentrate.

3. The nanoparticulate solar control concentrate of claim 1, wherein the inorganic infrared absorbing nanoparticles are present at a level of about 35 wt % to about 45 wt %, based on the total weight of the nanoparticulate solar control concentrate.

4. The nanoparticulate solar control concentrate of claim 1, wherein the matrix material comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(ethylene terephthalate);

polycarbonate;

polypropylene;

polyethylene;

cyclic polyolefins;

norbornene polymers;

polystyrene;

styrene-acrylate copolymers;

acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers;

poly(ethylene naphthalate);

polyethersulfone;

polysulfone;

polyamides;

poly(urethanes);

acrylics;

cellulose acetates;

cellulose triacetates;

vinyl chloride polymers;

polyvinyl fluoride;

polyvinylidene fluoride;

poly(vinyl butyral);

poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate);

ethyl acrylic acetate;

ethyl methacrylate;

metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene;

ISD resins; and

copolymers thereof, and mixtures thereof.

5. The nanoparticulate solar control concentrate of claim 1, wherein the inorganic infrared absorbing nanoparticles are dispersed in the matrix material.

6. A polymer blend comprising a polymeric resin and the nanoparticulate solar control concentrate of claim 1.

7. The polymer blend of claim 6, wherein the polymeric resin comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(ethylene terephthalate);

polycarbonate;

polypropylene;

polyethylene;

cyclic polyolefins;

norbornene polymers;

polystyrene;

styrene-acrylate copolymers;

acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers;

poly(ethylene naphthalate);

polyethersulfone;

polysulfone;

polyamides;

poly(urethanes);

acrylics;

cellulose acetates;

cellulose triacetates;

vinyl chloride polymers;

polyvinyl fluoride;

polyvinylidene fluoride;

poly(vinyl butyral);

ethylene-co-vinyl acetate;

ethyl acrylic acetate;

ethyl methacrylate;

metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene;

ISD resins; and

copolymers thereof, and mixtures thereof.

8. A shaped article comprising the polymer blend of claim 6.

9. The shaped article of claim 8, being a film or sheet.

10. The film of claim 9 wherein the polymeric resin comprises poly(ethylene terephthalate), polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, cyclic polyolefins, norbornene polymers, polystyrene, syndiotactic polystyrene, styrene-acrylate copolymers, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers, poly(ethylene naphthalate), polyethersulfone, polysulfone, nylons, poly(urethanes), acrylics, cellulose acetates, cellulose triacetates, vinyl chloride polymers, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride, poly(vinyl butyral), ethylene-co-vinyl acetate.

11. The film of claim 10, comprising biaxially oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate).

12. The sheet of claim 9 wherein the polymeric resin comprises a polymer having a modulus of about 20,000 psi (138 MPa) or less, as measured by ASTM Method D-638.

13. The sheet of claim 12 wherein the polymeric resin comprises a material selected from the group consisting of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate);

ethyl acrylic acetate;

ethyl methacrylate;

metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene;

plasticized poly(vinyl chloride);

an ISD resin;

polyurethane;

acoustically modified poly(vinyl chloride);

plasticized poly(vinyl butyral);

acoustically modified poly(vinyl butyral); and

copolymers or combinations thereof.

14. A solar control laminate comprising the film or sheet of claim 9.

15. The solar control laminate of claim 14, further comprising a first additional layer, and, optionally, a second additional layer, wherein the first additional layer is rigid or flexible and the optional second additional layer is, independently of the first additional layer, rigid or flexible.

16. The solar control laminate of claim 15, wherein the first additional layer is rigid.

17. The solar control laminate of claim 15, wherein the first additional layer is flexible.

18. The solar control laminate of claim 15, further comprising a second additional layer.

19. The solar control laminate of claim 18, wherein the second additional layer is rigid.

20. The solar control laminate of claim 18, wherein the second additional layer is flexible.

21. The solar control laminate of claim 18, wherein the film or sheet is disposed between the first additional layer and the second additional layer.

22. The solar control laminate of claim 21, wherein the first additional layer and the second additional layer are glass.

23. The solar control laminate of claim 21, wherein the first additional layer is glass and the second additional layer is biaxially oriented poly(ethylene terephthalate).

24. The solar control laminate of claim 18, wherein the first additional layer and the second additional layer are adjacent, and the film or sheet is adjacent to the second additional layer.

25. The solar control laminate of claim 21, further comprising a third additional layer and a fourth additional layer, wherein the third additional layer is disposed between the first additional layer and the film or sheet;

the fourth additional layer is disposed between the second additional layer and the film or sheet;

the first and second additional layers are rigid, and the third and fourth additional layers are flexible.

26. The solar control laminate of claim 21, wherein the film or sheet and the first and second additional layers are adjoining, and further comprising a third additional layer and a fourth additional layer, wherein the third additional layer is adjoining the second additional layer and the fourth additional layer is adjoining the third additional layer, and wherein the third additional layer is flexible, and the fourth additional layer is rigid.

27. The solar control laminate of claim 24, wherein the first and second additional layers and the film or sheet are adjoining, wherein the first additional layer is rigid and the second additional layer is flexible, and further comprising a second film or sheet of claim 9 and, optionally, a third additional layer that is rigid, wherein the second film or sheet is adjoining the film or sheet and the optional third layer is adjoining the second film or sheet.

28. A method of making a polymer blend comprising the steps of:

providing a nanoparticulate solar control concentrate according to claim 1;

providing a polymeric resin; and

combining the nanoparticulate solar control concentrate and the polymeric resin to form the polymer blend.

29. The method of claim 28, wherein the nanoparticulate solar control concentrate and the polymeric resin are combined in an extrusion process.

30. The method of claim 28, wherein the polymeric resin comprises a polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(ethylene terephthalate);

polycarbonate;

polypropylene;

polyethylene;

cyclic polyolefins;

norbornene polymers;

polystyrene;

styrene-acrylate copolymers;

acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers;

poly(ethylene naphthalate);

polyethersulfone;

polysulfone;

polyamides;

poly(urethanes);

acrylics;

cellulose acetates;

cellulose triacetates;

vinyl chloride polymers;

polyvinyl fluoride;

polyvinylidene fluoride;

poly(vinyl butyral);

ethylene-co-vinyl acetate;

ethyl acrylic acetate;

ethyl methacrylate;

metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene;

ISD resins; and

copolymers thereof, and mixtures thereof.

31. A polymer blend obtainable by the method of claim 28.

32. A method of making a shaped article, said method comprising the steps of

a. providing a polymer blend obtainable by the method of claim 28;

and

b. forming the shaped article from the polymer blend.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein the article is formed by an extrusion process.

34. A shaped article obtainable by the method of claim 32.

35. The shaped article of claim 34, being a film or sheet.

36. A solar control laminate comprising the film or sheet of claim 35.