Method and apparatus for a fully digital quadrature modulator
First Claim
1. A digital complex modulator, comprising:
- a first parallel array of switches adapted to be clocked by an I local oscillator clock signal gated with an I digital control word to generate a first current therefrom substantially proportional to said I digital control word;
a second parallel array of switches adapted to be clocked by a Q local oscillator clock signal gated with a Q digital control word to generate a second current therefrom substantially proportional to said Q digital control word; and
means for summing said first current and said second current to yield a complex modulated output signal.
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Abstract
A novel apparatus and method for a fully digital quadrature architecture for a complex modulator. The complex modulator can substitute for existing prior art analog quadrature modulator structures and those based on a digital polar architecture (r, θ). The modulator effectively operates as a complex digital-to-analog converter where the digital inputs are given in Cartesian form, namely I and Q representing the complex number I+jQ, while the output is a modulated RF signal having a corresponding amplitude and phase shift. The phase shift being with respect to a reference phase dictated by the local oscillator, which is also input to the converter/modulator. Several embodiments are provided including modulators incorporating dual I and Q transistor arrays, a single shared I/Q transistor array, modulators with single ended and differential outputs and modulators with single and dual polarity clock and I/Q data signals.
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Citations
38 Claims
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1. A digital complex modulator, comprising:
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a first parallel array of switches adapted to be clocked by an I local oscillator clock signal gated with an I digital control word to generate a first current therefrom substantially proportional to said I digital control word;
a second parallel array of switches adapted to be clocked by a Q local oscillator clock signal gated with a Q digital control word to generate a second current therefrom substantially proportional to said Q digital control word; and
means for summing said first current and said second current to yield a complex modulated output signal. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method of digital I/Q complex modulation, said method comprising the steps of:
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providing an I switch array adapted to generate a first signal proportional to the number of switches active within said I switch array;
providing a Q switch array adapted to generate a second signal proportional to the number of switches active within said Q switch array;
applying a first gated combination of an I local oscillator clock signal and an I digital control word to said I switch array whereby the number of switches active in said I switch array is determined by said I control word;
applying a second gated combination of a Q local oscillator clock signal and a Q digital control word to said Q switch array whereby the number of switches active in said Q switch array is determined by said Q control word; and
summing said first signal and said second signal to yield a complex modulated output signal therefrom. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A digital quadrature modulator, comprising:
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a local oscillator operative to generate quadrature phases;
a switch array comprising a plurality of switches adapted to generate a complex modulated output signal substantially proportional to the number of switches active at any one time in said array;
a switch matrix adapted to couple said quadrature phases output of said local oscillator to said transistor array; and
control means coupled to said switch array, said control means operative to dynamically allocate a first portion of said switches to I output and a second portion to Q output based on values of I and Q input signals. - View Dependent Claims (20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. A digital quadrature modulator, comprising:
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oscillator means for generating a local oscillator I (LOI) signal, an inverted {overscore (LOI)} signal, a LOQ signal, and an inverted {overscore (LOQ)} signal;
an I switch array comprising a plurality of first switches adapted to generate an I output signal substantially proportional to a number of first switches active at any one time, wherein the number of first switches active in synchronization with the LOI or {overscore (LOI)} signal is determined by a magnitude of an I digital input signal;
a Q switch array comprising a plurality of second switches adapted to generate a Q output signal substantially proportional to the number of second switches active at any one time, wherein the number of second switches active in synchronization with the LOQ or {overscore (LOQ)} signal is determined by a magnitude of a Q digital input signal;
first means adapted to couple either said LOI signal or said {overscore (LOI)} signal to said I switch array in accordance with a sign of said I input signal;
second means adapted to couple either said LOQ signal or said {overscore (LOQ)} signal to said Q switch array in accordance with a sign of said Q input signal; and
means for summing said I output signal and said Q output signal to generate a quadrature modulated output therefrom. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31)
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32. A digital quadrature modulator, comprising:
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oscillator means for generating a first local oscillator signal LOI, a second local oscillator signal LO′
I, a third local oscillator signal LOQ, and fourth local oscillator signal LO′
Q;
a switch array comprising a plurality of switches adapted to be shared between I and Q digitally control branches, said switch array operative to generate a quadrature modulated output signal substantially proportional to a number of switches instantaneously active in accordance with the combined I and Q input digital signals and said local oscillator signals;
first means for generating an I contribution in accordance with an I input signal and an I local oscillator signal;
second means for generating a Q contribution in accordance with an I input signal and an I local oscillator signal; and
third means for time multiplexing said I contribution and said Q contribution to yield said combined I and Q signal to produce said quadrature modulated output. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38)
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Specification