Method and apparatus for controlling cardiac therapy based on electromechanical timing

• US 20060293714A1
• Filed: 06/28/2005
• Published: 12/28/2006
• Est. Priority Date: 06/28/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Cardiac Pacemakers Incorporated (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Pastore, Joseph M., Stahmann, Jeffrey E., Hartley, Jesse W., Kramer, Andrew P., Salo, Rodney
• Granted Patent: US 9,265,949 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 607/9
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 7/00 Instruments for auscultation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 7/04 Electric stethoscopes microphones, acoustic transducers therefor H04R
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14276 specially adapted for implantation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3627 for treating a mechanical deficiency of the heart, e.g. congestive heart failure or cardiomyopathy
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36521 the parameter being derived from measurement of an electrical impedance
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36585 controlled by two or more physical parameters
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3756 Casings with electrodes thereon, e.g. leadless stimulators

Abstract

Devices and methods for therapy control based on electromechanical timing involve detecting electrical activation of a patient'"'"'s heart, and detecting mechanical cardiac activity resulting from the electrical activation. A timing relationship is determined between the electrical activation and the mechanical activity. A therapy is controlled based on the timing relationship. The therapy may improve intraventricular dyssynchrony of the patient'"'"'s heart, or treat at least one of diastolic and systolic dysfunction and/or dyssynchrony of the patient'"'"'s heart, for example. Electrical activation may be detected by sensing delivery of an electrical stimulation pulse to the heart or sensing intrinsic depolarization of the patient'"'"'s heart. Mechanical activity may be detected by sensing heart sounds, a change in one or more of left ventricular impedance, ventricular pressure, right ventricular pressure, left atrial pressure, right atrial pressure, systemic arterial pressure and pulmonary artery pressure.

Claims

1. A method of treating dyssynchrony of a patient'"'"'s heart, comprising:

detecting electrical activation of a patient'"'"'s heart;

detecting mechanical cardiac activity resulting from the electrical activation;

determining a timing relationship between the detected electrical activation and the detected mechanical cardiac activity; and

controlling a therapy delivered to the patient based on the timing relationship to treat dyssynchrony of the patient'"'"'s heart.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the detected mechanical cardiac activity comprises at least one of contraction and relaxation of the patient'"'"'s heart.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the therapy comprises a therapy to improve interventricular dyssynchrony of the patient'"'"'s heart.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the therapy comprises a therapy to improve intraventricular dyssynchrony of the patient'"'"'s heart.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the therapy comprises a therapy to treat at least one of diastolic and systolic dysfunction of the patient'"'"'s heart.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the therapy comprises a therapy to treat at least one of diastolic and systolic dyssynchrony.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the therapy comprises a ventricular remodeling reversal therapy.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting electrical activation of the heart comprises sensing delivery of an electrical stimulation pulse to the heart or sensing intrinsic depolarization of the patient'"'"'s heart.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the mechanical cardiac activity comprises detecting a change in at least one of left ventricular pressure, right ventricular pressure, left atrial pressure, right atrial pressure, systemic arterial pressure and pulmonary artery pressure, indicative of mechanical cardiac activity resulting from the electrical activation.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the mechanical cardiac activity comprises transthoracically or intrathoracically detecting a change in ventricular impedance indicative of mechanical cardiac activity resulting from the electrical activation.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the mechanical cardiac activity comprises detecting heart sounds indicative of mechanical cardiac activity resulting from the electrical activation.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the mechanical cardiac activity comprises detecting a change in blood flow rate or blood perfusion indicative of mechanical cardiac activity resulting from the electrical activation.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting the mechanical cardiac activity comprises detecting ventricular motion or acceleration indicative of mechanical cardiac activity resulting from the electrical activation.

14. The method of claim 1, wherein each of detecting electrical activation and detecting mechanical cardiac activity is performed patient-internally.

15. The method of claim 1, wherein detecting mechanical cardiac activity is performed patient-externally.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein each of detecting electrical activation, determining the timing relationship, and controlling the therapy is performed patient-internally.

17. The method of claim 1, wherein controlling the therapy delivered to the patient comprises controlling the therapy to reduce a time interval between the detected electrical activation and the detected mechanical cardiac activity.

18. The method of claim 1, further comprising performing a capture test and detecting capture using the timing relationship.

19. A method, comprising:

detecting electrical activation of a patient'"'"'s heart;

detecting mechanical cardiac activity resulting from the electrical activation;

determining a timing relationship between the detected electrical activation and the detected mechanical cardiac activity; and

controlling a therapy delivered to the patient based on the timing relationship.

20. The method of claim 19, wherein the therapy is a cardiac pacing therapy.

21. The method of claim 19, wherein the therapy is a cardiac resynchronization therapy.

22. The method of claim 19, wherein the therapy is a ventricular assist therapy.

23. The method of claim 19, wherein the therapy is a defibrillation therapy.

24. The method of claim 19, wherein the therapy is a drug delivery therapy.

25. The method of claim 19, wherein the therapy is a nerve stimulation therapy.

26. An implantable cardiac device, comprising:

means for detecting electrical activation of a patient'"'"'s heart;

means for detecting mechanical cardiac activity resulting from the electrical activation;

means for determining a timing relationship between the detected electrical activation and the detected mechanical cardiac activity; and

means for controlling a therapy delivered to the patient based on the timing relationship.