Foamable composition combining a polar solvent and a hydrophobic carrier

• US 20070020213A1
• Filed: 07/19/2006
• Published: 01/25/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 10/25/2002
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: VYNE Therapeutics, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Foamix Ltd. (VYNE Therapeutics, Inc.)
• Inventors: Besonov, Alex, Friedman, Doron, Tamarkin, Dov, Eini, Meir
• Granted Patent: US 10,117,812 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 424/70.100
• CPC Class Codes: A01N 25/16 Foams
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 35/04 Tars; Bitumens; Mineral oils; Ammonium bituminosulfonate
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/06 Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/10 Alcohols; Phenols; Salts thereof, e.g. glycerol; Polyethylene glycols [PEG]; Poloxamers; PEG/POE alkyl ethers
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/14 Esters of carboxylic acids, e.g. fatty acid monoglycerides, medium-chain triglycerides, parabens or PEG fatty acid esters
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/22 Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. ascorbic acid, tocopherol or pyrrolidones
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/32 Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers , poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 47/38 Cellulose; Derivatives thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/046 Aerosols; Foams
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/062 Oil-in-water emulsions
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/31 Hydrocarbons
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/37 Esters of carboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/375 the alcohol moiety containing more than one hydroxy group
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/4973 with oxygen as the only hetero atom
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/731 Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/8176 Homopolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones. Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/965 of inanimate origin
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/0014 Skin, i.e. galenical aspects of topical compositions non-active ingredients are additionally classified in A61K47/00; A61K9/0009, A61K9/0021, A61K9/7015, A61K9/7023 take precedence; cosmetic preparations A61K8/00, A61Q; preparations for wound dressings or bandages A61L26/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/107 Emulsions ; Emulsion preconcentrates; Micelles composition of emulsions A61K47/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/122 Foams; Dry foams edible foams A61K9/0056
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 19/00 : Preparations for care of the skin
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 19/02 : for chemically bleaching or whitening the skin
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 19/08 : Anti-ageing preparations

Abstract

The present invention relates to a foamable vehicle or cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition, comprising: (1) an organic carrier, at a concentration of 10% to 70% by weight, wherein said organic carrier concurrently comprises: (i) at least one hydrophobic organic carrier, and (ii) at least one polar solvent; (2) at least one surface-active agent; (3) water; and (4) at least one liquefied or compressed gas propellant at a concentration of 3% to 25% by weight of the total composition. The present invention further provides a method of treating, alleviating or preventing a disorder of mammalian subject, comprising administering the above-mentioned compositions to an afflicted target site.

Claims

1. A foamable cosmetic or pharmaceutical vehicle or composition, comprising:

(1) an organic carrier, at a concentration of 10% to 70% by weight, wherein said organic carrier concurrently comprises;

i. at least one hydrophobic organic carrier, and

ii. at least one polar solvent,

(2) at least one surface-active agent;

(3) water; and

(4) at least one liquefied or compressed gas propellant at a concentration of 3% to 25% by weight of the total composition.

2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the surface active agent is 0.1% to 5% by weight.

3. The composition of claim 1 or 2 wherein the ratio of the hydrophobic organic carrier and the polar solvent are selected to provide a selected pharmacological or safety property;

4. The composition of claim 1 additionally comprising a polymeric agent.

5. The composition of claim 1 wherein the polymeric agent is 0.01% to 5% by weight and is selected from the group consisting of a bioadhesive agent, a gelling agent, a film forming agent and a phase change agent.

6. The composition of claim 1, further comprising 0.1% to 5% by weight of a therapeutically active foam adjuvant selected from the group consisting of a fatty alcohol having 15 or more carbons in their carbon chain;

a fatty acid having 16 or more carbons in their carbon chain;

fatty alcohols derived from beeswax and including a mixture of alcohols, a majority of which has at least 20 carbon atoms in their carbon chain;

a fatty alcohol having an double bond;

a fatty acid having an double bond;

a branched fatty alcohol;

a branched fatty acid;

a fatty acid substituted with a hydroxyl group;

cetyl alcohol;

stearyl alcohol;

arachidyl alcohol;

behenyl alcohol;

1-triacontanol;

hexadecanoic acid;

stearic acid;

arachidic acid;

behenic acid;

octacosanoic acid;

12-hydroxy stearic acid and mixtures thereof.

7. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polar solvent is soluble in both water and oil.

8. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polar solvent is selected from the group consisting of:

i. a short chain alcohol, having up to 5 carbon atoms in its carbon chain skeleton and one hydroxyl group;

ii. a solvent selected from the group consisting of ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, iso-butanol, t-butanol and pentanol;

iii. a polyol;

iv. a diol;

v. a triol;

vi. a solvent selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, butanediol, butenediol, butynediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, octanediol, neopentyl glycol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, glycerin and 1,2,6-Hexanetriol;

vii. a pyrrolidone;

viii. a solvent selected from the group consisting of N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, dimethyl isosorbide, 1,2,6-hexapetriol, DMSO, ethyl proxitol, and dimethylacetamide (DMAc);

ix. a alpha hydroxy acid;

x. a solvent selected from the group consisting of lactic acid and glycolic acid; and

xi. a polyethylene glycol.

9. The composition of claim 1, wherein the hydrophobic carrier is a liquid or semi-solid substance at ambient temperature, and has a solubility in distilled water at ambient temperature selected from

less than 1 gm per 100 mL;

ii. less than 0.5 gm per 100 mL; and

iii. less than 0.1 gm per 100 mL.

10. The composition of claim 9, wherein the hydrophobic carrier is selected from the group consisting of:

i. a high-melting point hydrocarbon;

ii. a liquid oil originating from vegetable, marine or animal sources;

iii. an oil selected from the group consisting of (1) a saturated oil;

(2) an unsaturated oil; and

(3) a polyunsaturated oil;

iv. an oil selected from the group consisting of olive oil, corn oil, soybean oil, canola oil, cottonseed oil, coconut oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil, borage seed oil, syzigium aromaticum oil, hempseed oil, herring oil, cod-liver oil, salmon oil, flaxseed oil, wheat germ oil and evening primrose oil;

v. an poly-unsaturated fatty acid selected from the group consisting of (1) an omega-3 fatty acid and (2) an omega-6 fatty acid;

vi. an poly-unsaturated fatty acid selected from the group consisting of linoleic acid, linolenic acid, gamma-linoleic acid (GLA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA);

vii. a therapeutically active oil;

viii. an essential oil;

ix. an oil derived from a plant selected from the group consisting of anise, basil, bergemont, camphor, cardamom, carrot, canola, cassia, catnip, cedarwood, citronella, clove, cypress, eucalyptus, frankincense, garlic, ginger, grapefruit, hyssop, jasmine, jojova, lavender, lavandin, lemon, lime, mandarin, marjoram, myrrh, neroli, nutmeg, orange, peppermint, petitgrain, rosemary, rosehip, sage, spearmint, star anise, tea tree, tangerine, thyme vanilla, verbena and white clover;

x. a silicone oil;

xi. an oil selected from the group consisting of a polyalkyl siloxane, a polyaryl siloxane, a polyalkylaryl siloxane, a polyether siloxane copolymer, a polydimethylsiloxane and a poly(dimethylsiloxane)-(diphenyl-siloxane) copolymer;

xii. a hydrophobic emollient; and

xiii. an oil selected from the group consisting of isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl isostearate, diisopropyl adipate, diisopropyl dimerate, maleated soybean oil, octyl palmitate, cetyl lactate, cetyl ricinoleate, tocopheryl acetate, cetyl acetate, tocopheryl linoleate, wheat germ glycerides, arachidyl propionate, myristyl lactate, decyl oleate, propylene glycol ricinoleate, isopropyl lanolate, pentaerythrityl tetrastearate, neopentylglycol dicaprylate/dicaprate, isononyl isononanoate, isotridecyl isononanoate, myristyl myristate, octyl dodecanol, sucrose esters of fatty acids and octyl hydroxystearate.

11. The composition of claim 1, wherein the foamable composition is selected from the group consisting of an oil-in-water emulsion and a water-in-oil emulsion.

12. The composition of claim 1, wherein upon release from the container, a shear-sensitive foam, having a density range selected from (1) between 0.02 gr/mL and 0.1 gr/mL;

and (2) between 0.02 gr/mL and 0.1 gr/mL, is produced.

13. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polar solvent contains dimethyl isosorbide and the hydrophobic carrier contains a triglyceride.

14. The composition of claim 11, wherein the triglyceride is capric-caprylic triglyceride.

15. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polar solvent is selected from ethanol, propanol and isopropanol;

and the hydrophobic carrier selected from group consisting of mineral oil, petrolatum, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmytate, a triglyceride and silicone oil.

16. The composition of claim 1, wherein the polar solvent is selected from ethanol, propanol and isopropanol;

and the hydrophobic carrier is a plant-derived oil.

17. The composition of claim 1, further comprising an active agent.

18. The composition of claim 17, wherein the active agent is selected from the group consisting of an anti-infective agent, an antibiotic agent, an antibacterial agent, an antifungal agent, an antiviral agent, an antiparasitic agent, a steroidal anti-inflamatory agent, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, an immunosuppressive agent, an immunomodulator, an immunoregulating agent, a hormonal agent, a steroid, a vasoactive agent, a vasoconstructor, a vasodilator, vitamin A, a vitamin A derivative, a retinoid, vitamin B, a vitamin B derivative, vitamin C, a vitamin C derivative, vitamin D, a vitamin D derivative, vitamin E, a vitamin E derivative, vitamin F, a vitamin F derivative, vitamin K, a vitamin K derivative, a wound healing agent, a burn healing agent, a disinfectant, an anesthetic, an antiallergic agent, an alpha hydroxyl acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, a beta-hydroxy acid, a protein, a peptide, a neuropeptide, an allergen, an immunogenic substance, a haptene, an oxidizing agent, an antioxidant, a dicarboxylic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, an insectoside, a retinoid, an antiproliferative agent, an anticancer agent, a photodynamic therapy agent, an anti-wrinkle agent, a radical scavenger, a metal oxide (e.g., titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, iron oxide), silicone oxide, talc, an anti-acne agent, a skin whitening agent, a self tanning agent, an anti-cellulite agent, a skin protective agent, a masking agent, an anti-wart agent, a refatting agent, a lubricating agent and mixtures thereof at any proportion.

19. The composition of claim 13, further comprising an active agent, selected from the group consisting of a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, an immunosuppressive agent, an immunomodulator, an immunoregulating agent, a hormonal agent, a steroid, a steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, vitamin A, a vitamin A derivative, vitamin D and a vitamin D derivative.

20. The composition of claim 17 wherein the active agent comprises an extract or tincture comprising one or more beneficial agents selected from the group consisting of proteins, poypeptides, sugars, hyularonic acid herbal extracts and coal tar.

21. The composition of claim 17 wherein the active agent comprises one or more herbal extracts.

22. The composition of claim 21 wherein the herbal extract is selected from the group consisting of angelica, calendula, celery, coltsfoot, comfrey, dandelion, jamaica dogwood, kava, marshmallow, prickly ash, northern prickly ash, southern senna, valerian, agrimony, aloe vera, alfalfa, artichoke, avens, bayberry, bloodroot, blue flag, bogbean, boldo, boneset, broom, buchu, burdock, burnet, calamus, calendula, cascara, centaury, cereus, chamomile, german chamomile, roman chamomile, cinnamon, clivers, cohosh, black, cohosh, blue, cola, corn silk, couchgrass, cowslip, damiana, devil'"'"'s claw, drosera, echinacea, elder, elecampane, euphorbia, eyebright, figwort, frangula, fucus, fumitory, garlic, golden seal, gravel root, ground ivy, guaiacum, hawthorn, holy thistle, hops, horehound black, horehound white, horse chestnut hydrangea, ispaghula, juniper, lady'"'"'s lipper, liferoot, lime flower, liquorice, lobelia, maté

, meadowsweet, mistletoe, motherwort, myrrh, nettle, parsley, parsley piert, passionflower, pennyroyal, pilewort, plantain, pleurisy root, pokeroot, poplar, pulsatilla, queen'"'"'s delight, raspberry, red clover, rosemary, sage, sarsaparilla, sassafras, scullcap, senega, shepherd'"'"'s purse, skunk cabbage, slippery elm, squill, St. john'"'"'s wort, stone root, tansy, thyme, uva-ursi, vervain, wild carrot, wild lettuce, willow, witch hazel, yarrow and yellow dock.

23. The composition of claim 21 wherein the herbal extract comprises a polar solvent.

24. The composition of claim 17, wherein the active agent is selected from the group consisting of a therapeutically effective amount of a solvent, a surface active agent, a foam adjuvant and a gelling agent.

43. The composition of claim 1, wherein the surface-active agent is a non-ionic surfactant.

46. Use of a composition of any of claims 1, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 or 23 in the manufacture of a medicament.

47. A composition of any of claims 1, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 or 23 for use in the manufacture of a medicament.

48. The composition of any of claims 1, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 or 23, wherein the composition provides increased solubility of the active or beneficial agent.

49. The composition of any of claims 1, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 or 23, wherein the composition provides increased delivery of the active or beneficial agent.

50. The composition of any of claims 1, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 or 23, wherein the composition provides enhanced skin barrier build up.

51. The composition of any of claims 1, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 or 23, wherein the composition provides increased penetration of the active or beneficial agent whilst replenishing the skin.

52. The composition of any of claims 21 or 37 wherein the at least one polar solvent is in part the polar solvent and in part a polar carrier or extract.

25. A method of treating, alleviating or preventing a disorder, comprising:

administering topically to a surface having the disorder, a foamed composition comprising;

(1) an organic carrier, at a concentration of 10% to 70% by weight, wherein said organic carrier concurrently comprises;

i. at least one hydrophobic organic carrier, and

ii. at least one polar solvent;

(2) 0.1% to 5% by weight of at least one surface-active agent;

(3) water; and

(4) at least one liquefied or compressed gas propellant at a concentration of 3% to 25% by weight of the total composition.

26. The method of claim 25, wherein the composition further includes 0.1% to 5% by weight of a therapeutically active foam adjuvant is selected from the group consisting of a fatty alcohol having 15 or more carbons in their carbon chain;

a fatty acid having 16 or more carbons in their carbon chain;

fatty alcohols derived from beeswax and including a mixture of alcohols, a majority of which has at least 20 carbon atoms in their carbon chain;

a fatty alcohol having an double bond;

a fatty acid having an double bond;

a branched fatty alcohol;

a branched fatty acid;

a fatty acid substituted with a hydroxyl group;

cetyl alcohol;

stearyl alcohol;

arachidyl alcohol;

behenyl alcohol;

1-triacontanol;

hexadecanoic acid;

stearic acid;

arachidic acid;

behenic acid;

octacosanoic acid;

12-hydroxy stearic acid and mixtures thereof.

27. The method of claim 25, wherein the composition further includes 0.01% to 5% by weight of at least one polymeric agent selected from a bioadhesive agent, a gelling agent, a film forming agent and a phase change agent.

28. The method of claim 25, wherein the concentration of the surface active agent in the composition is between 0.1% and 5%.

29. The method of claim 25, wherein the polar solvent is selected from the group consisting of:

i. a short chain alcohol, having up to 5 carbon atoms in its carbon chain skeleton and one hydroxyl group;

ii. a solvent, selected from the group consisting of ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, iso-butanol, t-butanol and pentanol;

iii. a polyol;

iv. a diol;

v. a triol;

vi. a solvent, selected from the group consisting of propylene glycol, butanediol, butenediol, butynediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, octanediol, neopentyl glycol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol, glycerin and 1,2,6-Hexanetriol;

vii. a pyrrolidone;

viii. a solvent selected from the group consisting of N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, dimethyl isosorbide, 1,2,6-hexapetriol, DMSO, ethyl proxitol, and dimethylacetamide (DMAc);

ix. a alpha hydroxy acid;

x. a solvent selected from the group consisting of lactic acid and glycolic acid; and

xi. a polyethylene glycol.

30. The method of claim 25, wherein the hydrophobic carrier is selected from the group consisting of:

i. a high-melting point hydrocarbon;

ii. a liquid oil originating from vegetable, marine or animal sources;

iii. an oil selected from the group consisting of (1) a saturated oil;

(2) an unsaturated oil; and

(3) a polyunsaturated oil;

iv. an oil selected from the group consisting of olive oil, corn oil, soybean oil, canola oil, cottonseed oil, coconut oil, sesame oil, sunflower oil, borage seed oil, syzigium aromaticum oil, hempseed oil, herring oil, cod-liver oil, salmon oil, flaxseed oil, wheat germ oil and evening primrose oil;

v. an poly-unsaturated fatty acid selected from the group consisting of (1) an omega-3 fatty acid and (2) an omega-6 fatty acid;

vi. an poly-unsaturated fatty acid selected from the group consisting of linoleic acid, linolenic acid, gamma-linoleic acid (GLA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA);

vii. a therapeutically active oil;

viii. an essential oil;

ix. an oil derived from a plant selected from the group consisting of anise, basil, bergemont, camphor, cardamom, carrot, canola, cassia, catnip, cedarwood, citronella, clove, cypress, eucalyptus, frankincense, garlic, ginger, grapefruit, hyssop, jasmine, jojova, lavender, lavandin, lemon, lime, mandarin, marjoram, myrrh, neroli, nutmeg, orange, peppermint, petitgrain, rosemary, rosehip, sage, spearmint, star anise, tea tree, tangerine, thyme vanilla, verbena and white clover;

x. a silicone oil;

xi. an oil selected from the group consisting of a polyalkyl siloxane, a polyaryl siloxane, a polyalkylaryl siloxane, a polyether siloxane copolymer, a polydimethylsiloxane and a poly(dimethylsiloxane)-(diphenyl-siloxane) copolymer;

xii. a hydrophobic emollient; and

xiii. an oil selected from the group consisting of isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl isostearate, diisopropyl adipate, diisopropyl dimerate, maleated soybean oil, octyl palmitate, cetyl lactate, cetyl ricinoleate, tocopheryl acetate, cetyl acetate, tocopheryl linoleate, wheat germ glycerides, arachidyl propionate, myristyl lactate, decyl oleate, propylene glycol ricinoleate, isopropyl lanolate, pentaerythrityl tetrastearate, neopentylglycol dicaprylate/dicaprate, isononyl isononanoate, isotridecyl isononanoate, myristyl myristate, octyl dodecanol, sucrose esters of fatty acids and octyl hydroxystearate.

31. The method of claim 25, wherein the polar solvent contains dimethyl isosorbide and the hydrophobic carrier contains a triglyceride.

32. The method of claim 25 wherein the polar solvent is selected from ethanol, propanol and isopropanol;

and the hydrophobic carrier selected from group consisting of mineral oil, petrolatum, isopropyl myristate, isopropyl palmytate, a triglyceride and silicone oil.

33. The method of claim 25, wherein the polar solvent is selected from ethanol, propanol and isopropanol;

and the hydrophobic carrier is a plant derived oil.

34. The method of claim 25, wherein the active agent is selected from the group consisting of an anti-infective agent, an antibiotic agent, an antibacterial agent, an antifungal agent, an antiviral agent, an antiparasitic agent, a steroid anti inflammatory agent, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, an immunosuppressive agent, an immunomodulator, an immunoregulating agent, a hormonal agent, a steroid, a vasoactive agent, a vasoconstrictor, a vasodilator, vitamin A, a vitamin A derivative, a retinoid, vitamin B, a vitamin B derivative, vitamin C, a vitamin C derivative, vitamin D, a vitamin D derivative, vitamin E, a vitamin E derivative, vitamin F, a vitamin F derivative, vitamin K, a vitamin K derivative, a wound healing agent, a burn healing agent, a disinfectant, an anesthetic, an antiallergic agent, an alpha hydroxyl acid, lactic acid, glycolic acid, a beta-hydroxy acid, a protein, a peptide, a neuropeptide, an allergen, an immunogenic substance, a haptene, an oxidizing agent, an antioxidant, a dicarboxylic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, adipic acid, fumaric acid, an insectaside, an antiproliferative agent, an anticancer agent, a photodynamic therapy agent, an anti-wrinkle agent, a radical scavenger, a metal oxide (e.g., titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, iron oxide), silicone oxide, talc, an anti-acne agent, a skin whitening agent, a self tanning agent, an anti-cellulite agent, a skin protective agent, a masking agent, an anti-wart agent, a refatting agent, a lubricating agent and mixtures thereof at any proportion.

35. The method of claim 31 or 32, wherein the foamed composition further comprises at least one active agent selected from the group consisting of a non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, an immunosuppressive agent, an immunomodulator, an immunoregulating agent, a hormonal agent, a steroid, a steroidal anti-inflammatory agent, vitamin A, a vitamin A derivative, vitamin D and a vitamin D derivative.

36. The method of any of claims 25, 31 or 32, wherein the active agent comprises an extract or tincture comprising one or more beneficial agents selected from the group consisting of proteins, poypeptides, sugars, hyularonic acid herbal extracts and coal tar.

37. The method of any of claim 25, 31 or 32, wherein the active agent comprises one or more herbal extracts.

38. The method of claim 37 wherein the herbal extract is selected from the group consisting of angelica, calendula, celery, coltsfoot, comfrey, dandelion, jamaica dogwood, kava, marshmallow, prickly ash, northern prickly ash, southern senna, valerian, agrimony, aloe vera, alfalfa, artichoke, avens, bayberry, bloodroot, blue flag, bogbean, boldo, boneset, broom, buchu, burdock, burnet, calamus, calendula, cascara, centaury, cereus, chamomile, german chamomile, roman chamomile, cinnamon, clivers, cohosh, black, cohosh, blue, cola, corn silk, couchgrass, cowslip, damiana, devil'"'"'s claw, drosera, echinacea, elder, elecampane, euphorbia, eyebright, figwort, frangula, fucus, fumitory, garlic, golden seal, gravel root, ground ivy, guaiacum, hawthorn, holy thistle, hops, horehound black, horehound white, horse chestnut hydrangea, ispaghula, juniper, lady'"'"'s lipper, liferoot, lime flower, liquorice, lobelia, mate, meadowsweet, mistletoe, motherwort, myrrh, nettle, parsley, parsley piert, passionflower, pennyroyal, pilewort, plantain, pleurisy root, pokeroot, poplar, pulsatilla, queen'"'"'s delight, raspberry, red clover, rosemary, sage, sarsaparilla, sassafras, scullcap, senega, shepherd'"'"'s purse, skunk cabbage, slippery elm, squill, St. john'"'"'s wort, stone root, tansy, thyme, uva-ursi, vervain, wild carrot, wild lettuce, willow, witch hazel, yarrow and yellow dock.

39. The method of claim 37 wherein the herbal extract comprises a polar solvent.

44. The method of claim 25, wherein the surface-active agent is a non-ionic surfactant.

40. A non-flammable foamable cosmetic or pharmaceutical composition comprising:

(1) an organic carrier, at a concentration of 10% to 70% by weight, wherein said organic carrier contains at least one member selected from the group consisting of;

i. at least one hydrophobic organic carrier, and

ii. at least one polar solvent;

(2) 0.1% to 5% by weight of at least one surface-active agent;

(3) water; and

(4) at least one hydrofluorocarbon propellant at a concentration of 3% to 25% by weight of the total composition.

41. The composition of claim 40, further comprising 0.1% to 5% by weight of a therapeutically active foam adjuvant is selected from the group consisting of a fatty alcohol having 15 or more carbons in their carbon chain;

a fatty acid having 16 or more carbons in their carbon chain;

fatty alcohols derived from beeswax and including a mixture of alcohols, a majority of which has at least 20 carbon atoms in their carbon chain;

a fatty alcohol having an double bond;

a fatty acid having an double bond;

a branched fatty alcohol;

a branched fatty acid;

a fatty acid substituted with a hydroxyl group;

cetyl alcohol;

stearyl alcohol;

arachidyl alcohol;

behenyl alcohol;

1-triacontanol;

hexadecanoic acid;

stearic acid;

arachidic acid;

behenic acid;

octacosanoic acid;

12-hydroxy stearic acid and mixtures thereof.

42. The composition of claim 40, further comprising 0.01% to 5% by weight of at least one polymeric agent selected from a bioadhesive agent, a gelling agent, a film forming agent and a phase change agent.

45. The composition of claim 40, wherein the surface-active agent is a non-ionic surfactant.

53. A foamable cosmetic or pharmaceutical vehicle or composition as described in any one of the Examples.