Anti-stokes Raman in vivo probe of glucose concentrations through the human nail
First Claim
1. A method for in vivo measurement of glucose concentration, comprising the steps of:
- i) illuminating a sample volume within the sterile matrix beneath a finger nail or toe nail with a beam of incident optical radiation which passes through the nail into the sterile matrix beneath the nail, said incident radiation having a wavelength in the near UV to visible blue spectral range or in the visible red to near IR spectral range;
ii) collecting scattered anti-Stokes Raman radiation emitted from within said sample volume;
iii) analyzing the collected, scattered anti-Stokes Raman radiation to determine an intensity response as a function of the wavelength of the scattered anti-Stokes Raman radiation; and
iv) calculating and recording the glucose concentration based on said intensity response.
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Abstract
A system and method are provided for detecting and quantifying an analyte in vivo. Anti-Stokes Raman scattered radiation emitted from a sample under incident radiation excitation is collected and analyzed. The intensity response is corrected for temperature effects using a Boltzmann correction factor based on the temperature of the sample. The sampled tissue is advantageously the sterile matrix beneath the nail of either a toe or a finger. The incident excitation radiation is projected onto the sterile matrix through the nail, which operates as a window. The present invention may be applied in both the blue/UV and the red/IR regions of the spectrum.
21 Citations
20 Claims
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1. A method for in vivo measurement of glucose concentration, comprising the steps of:
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i) illuminating a sample volume within the sterile matrix beneath a finger nail or toe nail with a beam of incident optical radiation which passes through the nail into the sterile matrix beneath the nail, said incident radiation having a wavelength in the near UV to visible blue spectral range or in the visible red to near IR spectral range;
ii) collecting scattered anti-Stokes Raman radiation emitted from within said sample volume;
iii) analyzing the collected, scattered anti-Stokes Raman radiation to determine an intensity response as a function of the wavelength of the scattered anti-Stokes Raman radiation; and
iv) calculating and recording the glucose concentration based on said intensity response. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. Apparatus for using anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy to detect glucose in vivo, comprising:
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i) a digit holder for positioning a digit comprising skin, a sterile matrix and a nail plate having a first end situated under the skin of the digit and a second opposite end disposed proximate to and over the tip of the digit, the digit holder comprising a substantially flat base plate attached to a back wall, said back wall being disposed approximately perpendicularly to the base plate, such that a digit may be placed in the holder with the side of the digit opposite to the nail plate resting on the base plate and said second end of the nail plate may be disposed proximate to the back wall;
ii) a sensor for measuring the temperature of the digit, said sensor being attached to the digit holder;
iii) a light source for providing excitation radiation at an excitation wavelength, the excitation radiation adapted to be directed through the nail plate into the sterile matrix situated beneath the nail plate, said incident radiation having a wavelength in the near UV to visible blue spectral range or the visible red to near IR spectral range;
iv) a collection subsystem, adapted for receiving scattered, anti-Stokes Raman radiation emitted from within said sterile matrix as a result of said incident radiation. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18)
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19. A method for in vivo detection of glucose, comprising the steps of:
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i) projecting excitation light onto the nail of a digit to thereby illuminate a sample volume in the sterile matrix under the nail;
ii) measuring the temperature of the digit;
iii) collecting anti-Stokes Raman scattered light emitted from the sample volume;
iv) processing the Raman spectrum of the scattered light to quantify at least one peak metric for the anti-Stokes scattered light;
v) correcting the peak metric based on a Boltzmann correction factor, the Boltzmann correction factor being calculated using the measured temperature of the digit; and
vi) calculating and optionally recording the concentration of glucose in the sample volume based on a partial least squares analysis using the Boltzmann-adjusted peak metrics. - View Dependent Claims (20)
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Specification