System and method for ankle arthroplasty

• US 20070027547A1
• Filed: 06/25/2004
• Published: 02/01/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 06/27/2003
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Stryker European Operations Holdings, LLC (Stryker Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Advanced Bio Surfaces, Inc.
• Inventors: Rydell, Mark, McGarvey, Scott, Felt, Jeffrey
• Application Number:
  US10/562,648
• Publication Number:
  US 20070027547A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 623/21.180
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1615 Drill bits, i.e. rotating tools extending from a handpiece to contact the worked material
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1659 Surgical rasps, files, planes, or scrapers
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/562 Implants for placement in joint gaps without restricting joint motion, e.g. to reduce arthritic pain
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/8872 Instruments for putting said fixation devices against or away from the bone A61B17/7074, A61B17/808 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/061 for measuring dimensions, e.g. length
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/062 penetration depth
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/00 Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges protective face masks A41D13/11; surgeon's or patient's gowns or dresses A41D13/12; devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body liquids A61M1/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/90 Identification means for patients or instruments, e.g. tags
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/0095 Packages or dispensers for prostheses or other implants for intraocular lenses A61F2/1691; for dental surgery A61C19/02
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3094 Designing or manufacturing processes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30965 Reinforcing the prosthesis by embedding particles or fibres during moulding or dipping
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4202 for ankles
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4225 for feet, e.g. toes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4606 of wrists or ankles; of hands, e.g. fingers; of feet, e.g. toes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4657 Measuring instruments used for implanting artificial joints for surgical instruments A61B90/06
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/4684 Trial or dummy prostheses
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30148 lozenge- or diamond-shaped
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30563 having elastic means or damping means, different from springs, e.g. including an elastomeric core or shock absorbers
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30576 with extending fixation tabs
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30616 Sets comprising a plurality of prosthetic parts of different sizes or orientations
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3071 : Identification means; Administration of patients
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30754 : Implants for interposition between two natural articular surfaces
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3082 : Grooves
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30881 : Circumferential ribs, flanges or fins
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/30884 : Fins or wings, e.g. longitudinal wings for preventing rotation within the bone cavity
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4205 : Tibial components
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4207 : Talar components
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4215 : Lateral row of tarsal bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4233 : for metatarso-phalangeal joints, i.e. MTP joints
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4622 : having the shape of a forceps or a clamp
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4628 : with linear motion along or rotating motion about an axis transverse to the instrument axis or to the implantation direction, e.g. clamping
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/4658 : for measuring dimensions, e.g. length
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2230/0017 : Angular shapes
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2250/0085 : Identification means; Administration of patients
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2310/00365 : Proteins; Polypeptides; Degradation products thereof

Abstract

An interpositional arthroplasty system for use in repairing ginglymus joints such as the joints of the ankle, including a tibiotalar implant (124) that provides a first major surface (130) adapted to be positioned against a tibia (120) and a second major surface (132) adapted to be positioned against a talus (108) and a polymeric ankle implant that provides a first major surface adapted to be positioned against a talus and a second major surface adapted to be positioned against a calcaneus. Such an implant can be useful for correcting various deformities of an ankle, as well as increasing articulation of a joint. Also described are biomaterials, including polymeric biomaterials having use in preparing such implants, as well as surgical kits that include implants and other tools adapted for their use.

Claims

1. An interpositional arthroplasty system for use in repairing ginglymus joints such as the joints of the ankle, comprising a tibiotalar implant that provides a first major surface adapted to be positioned against a tibia and a second major surface adapted to be positioned against a talus, and/or a talus-calcaneus implant that provides a first major surface adapted to be positioned against a talus and a second major surface adapted to be positioned against a calcaneus.

2. An implant according to claim 1 wherein the tibiotalar implant further comprises one or more external structures adapted to improve retention of the implant within the joint site.

3. An implant according to claim 2 wherein the structure comprises an integral bead shaped structure proximate its anterior side adapted to cap and thereby engage the neck of the talus.

4. An implant according to claim 1 wherein the implant comprises a biomaterial.

5. An implant according to claim 4 wherein the biomaterial is a polyurethane.

6. An implant according to claim 5 wherein the polyurethane is biocompatible with respect to cytotoxicity, sensitization, genotoxicity, chronic toxicity, and carcinogenicity.

7. An implant according to claim 5 wherein polyurethane has a Shore hardness of at least about 60 D or less.

8. An implant according to claim 1 wherein the talus-calcaneus implant includes a posterior lip.

9. An implant according to claim 1 wherein the talus-calcaneus implant includes a anterior lip.

19. A method of repairing a ginglymus joint, comprising the steps of providing and implanting according to claim 1.

20. A ginglymus joint that includes an implant according to claim 1.

10. A kit for a positional arthroplasty system for use in repairing ginglymus joints such as the joints of the ankle, the kit comprising:

a) at least one implant selected from the group consisting of a tibiotalar implant that provides a first major surface adapted to be positioned against a tibia and a second major surface adapted to be positioned against a talus, and a talus-calcaneus implant that provides a first major surface adapted to be positioned against a talus and a second major surface adapted to be positioned against a calcaneus, and

b) one or more devices adapted to perform one or more steps selected from the group consisting of preparing the joint to receive an implant, determining an appropriate implant size for a particular joint, determining an appropriate implant thickness and/or angle, inserting the implant into the joint, and/or securing the implant to a desired extent.

11. A kit according to claim 10 wherein the kit includes a tibial smoother.

12. A kit according to claim 10 wherein the kit includes a talus smoother.

13. A kit according to claim 10 wherein the kit includes an implant gripper.

14. A kit according to claim 10 wherein the kit includes one or more implant templates.

15. A kit according to claim 11 wherein the tibial smoother is fenestrated.

16. A kit according to claim 11 wherein the tibial smoother is universal in its orientation.

17. A kit according to claim 12 wherein the talus smoother is fenestrated.

18. A kit according to claim 12 wherein the talus smoother is universal in its orientation.

21. A kit comprising a tool useful for preparing a joint to receive an implant, an apparatus useful for determining an appropriate implant size for the joint, an apparatus useful for determining an appropriate implant thickness, and a tool useful for inserting the implant into the joint and/or securing the implant to a desired extent.

22. A device for implantation into an ankle joint space within the body of a mammal, the device comprising a composite or monolith structure fabricated from a biocompatible, biodurable material that is adapted to be inserted into the joint compartment.

23. A device according to claim 22 wherein the implanted device is substantially free of anchoring portions that need to be attached to the bone, cartilage, ligaments or other tissue, yet by its design is capable of being used with minimal translation, rotation, or other undesired movement or dislocation within or from the joint space.

24. A device according to claim 23 wherein stability of the device within the joint space is provided by the fixation/congruency of the device to the one or the other of the two joint members.