Apparatus and method for identifying FRC and PEEP characteristics
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Abstract
A ventilator for ventilating a patient also assists a clinician in determining a suitable PEEP for the patient. For this purpose, a graph or tabular display of a series of different value PEEPs and corresponding functional residual capacities of the patient may be provided. Or, the relationship between lung compliance and a series of different values of PEEP may be provided. Or, the amount of the lung volume recruited/de-recruited at various levels of PEEP may be determined for use in selecting a desired PEEP. To this end, the functional residual capacity of the lungs is determined for a first PEEP level. The PEEP is then altered to a second level and a spirometry dynostatic curve of lung volume and pressure data is obtained. The lung volume on the dynostatic curve at a lung pressure corresponding to the first PEEP value is obtained. The difference between the functional residual capacity of the lungs at the first PEEP level and that determined from the dynostatic curve represents the lung volume recruited/de-recruited when changing between said first and second PEEPs.
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Citations
113 Claims
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1-55. -55. (canceled)
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56. A ventilator for ventilating a patient and for determining a relationship between a ventilator parameter and the functional residual capacity of the patient, said ventilator comprising:
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at least one gas flow control valve (20, 24, 54) in a flow path (32) for breathing gases of the patient and a controller (26 or 74) for said at least one gas flow control valve establishing and altering a parameter of the ventilation supplied to the patient;
a gas analyzer (70) measuring a compositional characteristic of the breathing gases of the patient;
a sensor (62) measuring a quantitative characteristic of the breathing gases of the patient;
a central processing unit (26 or 74) coupled to said gas analyzer and sensor and determining the functional residual capacity of the patient at a plurality of parameter values; and
a display (102) coupled to said central processing unit and displaying data relating functional residual capacity to corresponding parameter values. - View Dependent Claims (57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68)
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69. A method determining a relationship between a ventilation parameter and the functional residual capacity of a ventilated patient, said method comprising the steps of:
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(a) causing alteration in a parameter of the ventilation supplied to the patient;
(b) determining the functional residual capacity of the patient at a plurality of parameter values; and
(c) displaying data relating to functional residual capacity to corresponding parameter values. - View Dependent Claims (70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81)
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82. Apparatus for indicating recruitment/de-recruitment of lung volume in association with varying levels of PEEP for a ventilated patient, said apparatus comprising:
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at least one gas flow control valve in a breathing gas flow path and a controller for said at least one valve for ventilating the patient from a ventilator, said at least one gas flow control valve and controller ventilating the patient with a first level of PEEP, altering the PEEP to a second level, different than said first level, and ventilating the patient with the second level of PEEP;
means for measuring the functional residual capacity of the patient at one of the first and second levels of PEEP;
means for determining a spirometry dynostatic curve for the breathing action of the patient at the other of said first and second levels of PEEP;
means for determining a lung volume difference for the functional residual capacity at the one level of PEEP and a point on the dynostatic curve for the other level of PEEP corresponding to the one level of PEEP; and
a display for displaying the lung volume difference as recruited/de-recruited volume in the lungs when changing between the first and second levels of PEEP. - View Dependent Claims (83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88)
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89. A method for indicating recruitment/de-recruitment of lung volume in association with varying levels of PEEP for a ventilated patient, said method comprising the steps of:
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(a) ventilating the patient with a first level of PEEP, altering the PEEP to a second level, different than said first level, and ventilating the patient with the second level of PEEP;
(b) measuring the functional residual capacity of the patient at one of the first and second levels of PEEP;
(c) determining a spirometry dynostatic curve for the breathing action of the patient at the other of said first and second levels of PEEP;
(d) determining a lung volume difference for the functional residual capacity at the one level of PEEP and a point on the dynostatic curve for the other level of PEEP corresponding to the one level of PEEP; and
(e) displaying the lung volume difference as recruited/de-recruited volume in the lungs when changing between the first and second levels of PEEP. - View Dependent Claims (90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96)
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97. A ventilator for ventilating a patient and for determining a relationship between a ventilator parameter and a functional residual capacity characteristic of the patient, said ventilator comprising:
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at least one gas flow control valve in a flow path for breathing gases of the patient and a controller for said at least one gas flow control valve for establishing and altering a PEEP supplied to the patient;
a gas analyzer measuring a compositional characteristic of the breathing gases of the patient;
a sensor measuring a quantitative characteristics of the breathing gases of the patient;
a central processing unit coupled to said gas analyzer and sensor for determining the functional residual capacity of the patient at a plurality of PEEP values and for determining the relationship between increments in the alteration in PEEP and resulting differences in functional residual capacity; and
a display coupled to said central processing unit and displaying data presenting the relationship determined by said central processing unit to corresponding values of PEEP. - View Dependent Claims (98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105)
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106. A method determining a relationship between a ventilation parameter and a functional residual capacity characteristic of a ventilated patient, said method comprising the steps of:
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(a) causing alteration in a PEEP supplied to the patient;
(b) determining the functional residual capacity of the patient at a plurality of PEEP values;
(c) determining the relationship between increments in the alteration in PEEP and resulting differences in functional residual capacity; and
(d) displaying data presenting the relationship determined in step (c) to 10 corresponding values of PEEP. - View Dependent Claims (107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113)
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Specification