Pseudo eigen-beamforming with dynamic beam selection

• US 20070071147A1
• Filed: 06/15/2006
• Published: 03/29/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 06/16/2005
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Gorokhov, Alexei, Wang, Jibing, Sampath, Hemanth, Kadous, Tamer, Gore, Dhananjay
• Application Number:
  US11/454,761
• Publication Number:
  US 20070071147A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 375/347
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0404 the mobile station comprising multiple antennas, e.g. to provide uplink diversity
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0417 Feedback systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0617 for beam forming
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/063 Parameters other than those covered in groups H04B7/0623 - H04B7/0634, e.g. channel matrix rank or transmit mode selection
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0632 Channel quality parameters, e.g. channel quality indicator [CQI]
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0854 using error minimizing algorithms, e.g. minimum mean squared error [MMSE], "cross-correlation" or matrix inversion
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/03414 Multicarrier
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/03426 transmission using multiple-input and multiple-output channels
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 2025/03802 Signalling on the reverse channel
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0204 of multiple channels
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/021 Estimation of channel covariance
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0228 with direct estimation from sounding signals
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/0248 Eigen-space methods
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 25/03343 Arrangements at the transmitter end
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2601 Multicarrier modulation systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0023 Time-frequency-space
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0048 Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver

Abstract

Techniques for transmitting data with limited channel information are described. A transmitter (e.g., a base station) obtains channel information for a subset of multiple antennas used for data reception at a receiver (e.g., a terminal). The channel information may include at least one channel response vector for at least one antenna, which is a subset of the multiple antennas at the receiver. The transmitter derives multiple eigenvectors based on the channel information, e.g., using pseudo eigen-beamforming. The transmitter selects at least one eigenvector from among the multiple eigenvectors and transmits data with the selected eigenvector(s). The transmitter may select and use different subsets of eigenvector(s) in different time intervals. The transmitter may arrange the multiple eigenvectors into multiple sets based on their eigenvalues, select at least one set based on a MIMO transmission rank, and select one eigenvector from each set.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

at least one processor configured to obtain channel information for a subset of multiple antennas used for data reception at a receiver, to derive multiple eigenvectors based on the channel information, to select at least one eigenvector from among the multiple eigenvectors, and to use the at least one eigenvector for data transmission to the receiver; and

a memory coupled to the at least one processor.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to obtain at least one channel response vector for at least one antenna used for data reception, to derive a transmit covariance matrix based on the at least one channel response vector, and to derive the multiple eigenvectors based on the transmit covariance matrix, wherein the channel information comprises the at least one channel response vector, and wherein the at least one antenna is a subset of the multiple antennas.

3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the at least one processor is configured to form a beam construction matrix based on the at least one channel response vector and at least one additional vector, to derive a unitary matrix based on the beam construction matrix, to compute an outer product of the unitary matrix, to average the outer product to obtain a long-term covariance matrix, and to derive the transmit covariance matrix based on the long-term covariance matrix.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is configured to average the outer product across multiple time intervals, across multiple frequency subcarriers, or across both multiple time intervals and multiple frequency subcarriers.

5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is configured to form the transmit covariance matrix further based on a second long-term covariance matrix obtained from the receiver.

6. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the at least one processor is configured to derive a short-term covariance matrix based on the at least one channel response vector, and to form the transmit covariance matrix further based on the short-term covariance matrix.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission rank for a MIMO channel formed with the multiple antennas, and wherein the number of eigenvectors selected from the multiple eigenvectors is determined by the MIMO transmission rank.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select different subsets of at least one eigenvector from among the multiple eigenvectors in different time intervals, and to transmit data in each time interval using the subset of at least one eigenvector selected for the time interval.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is configured to arrange the multiple eigenvectors into multiple sets, to select at least one set from among the multiple sets, and to select the at least one eigenvector from the at least one set.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein each of the multiple eigenvectors is included in one of the multiple sets.

11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to arrange the multiple eigenvectors into the multiple sets based on eigenvalues for the multiple eigenvectors.

12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to order the multiple eigenvectors based on eigenvalues for the multiple eigenvectors, and to fill the multiple sets, one set at a time and in a sequential order, with the ordered eigenvectors.

13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the multiple sets are associated with different non-overlapping ranges of eigenvalues, and wherein each set includes at least one eigenvector with eigenvalue within an associated range of eigenvalues.

14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein each of the multiple sets includes a predetermined number of eigenvectors.

15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission rank for a MIMO channel formed with the multiple antennas, wherein the number of sets selected is equal to the MIMO transmission rank, and wherein one eigenvector is selected from each of the at least one set.

16. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select different eigenvectors from the at least one set in different time intervals, and to transmit data in each time interval using the at least one eigenvector selected for the time interval.

17. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein the at least one processor is configured to select different eigenvectors from the at least one set in a pseudo-random manner.

18. A method comprising:

obtaining channel information for a subset of multiple antennas used for data reception at a receiver;

deriving multiple eigenvectors based on the channel information;

selecting at least one eigenvector from among the multiple eigenvectors; and

using the at least one eigenvector for data transmission to the receiver.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the channel information comprises at least one channel response vector for at least one antenna used for data reception, and wherein the deriving the multiple eigenvectors comprises

forming a beam construction matrix based on the at least one channel response vector and at least one additional vector,

deriving a unitary matrix based on the beam construction matrix,

computing an outer product of the unitary matrix,

averaging the outer product to obtain a long-term covariance matrix,

deriving a transmit covariance matrix based on the long-term covariance matrix, and

deriving the multiple eigenvectors based on the transmit covariance matrix.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein the selecting the at least one eigenvector comprises selecting different subsets of at least one eigenvector from among the multiple eigenvectors in different time intervals, and wherein the using the at least one eigenvector for data transmission comprises transmitting data in each time interval using the subset of at least one eigenvector selected for the time interval.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein the selecting the at least one eigenvector comprises

arranging the multiple eigenvectors into multiple sets,

selecting at least one set from among the multiple sets, and

selecting the at least one eigenvector from the at least one set.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein the selecting the at least one eigenvector comprises selecting different eigenvectors from the at least one set in different time intervals, and wherein the using the at least one eigenvector for data transmission comprises transmitting data in each time interval using the at least one eigenvector selected for the time interval.

23. An apparatus comprising:

means for obtaining channel information for a subset of multiple antennas used for data reception at a receiver;

means for deriving multiple eigenvectors based on the channel information;

means for selecting at least one eigenvector from among the multiple eigenvectors; and

means for using the at least one eigenvector for data transmission to the receiver.

24. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the channel information comprises at least one channel response vector for at least one antenna used for data reception, and wherein the means for deriving the multiple eigenvectors comprises

means for forming a beam construction matrix based on the at least one channel response vector and at least one additional vector,

means for deriving a unitary matrix based on the beam construction matrix,

means for computing an outer product of the unitary matrix,

means for averaging the outer product to obtain a long-term covariance matrix,

means for deriving a transmit covariance matrix based on the long-term covariance matrix, and

means for deriving the multiple eigenvectors based on the transmit covariance matrix.

25. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the means for selecting the at least one eigenvector comprises means for selecting different subsets of at least one eigenvector from among the multiple eigenvectors in different time intervals, and wherein the means for using the at least one eigenvector for data transmission comprises means for transmitting data in each time interval using the subset of at least one eigenvector selected for the time interval.

26. The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the means for selecting the at least one eigenvector comprises

means for arranging the multiple eigenvectors into multiple sets,

means for selecting at least one set from among the multiple sets, and

means for selecting the at least one eigenvector from the at least one set.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein the means for selecting the at least one eigenvector comprises means for selecting different eigenvectors from the at least one set in different time intervals, and wherein the means for using the at least one eigenvector for data transmission comprises means for transmitting data in each time interval using the at least one eigenvector selected for the time interval.

28. A computer-readable medium including instructions stored thereon, comprising:

a first instruction set for obtaining channel information for a subset of multiple antennas used for data reception at a receiver;

a second instruction set for deriving multiple eigenvectors based on the channel information;

a third instruction set for selecting at least one eigenvector from among the multiple eigenvectors; and

a fourth instruction set for using the at least one eigenvector for data transmission to the receiver.

29. An apparatus comprising:

at least one processor configured to receive symbols for a data transmission sent via a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel to multiple antennas at a receiver, to determine an effective channel response matrix formed by a channel response matrix for the MIMO channel and at least one eigenvector used for the data transmission and selected from among multiple eigenvectors derived based on channel information for a subset of the multiple antennas, and to perform MIMO detection on the received symbols with the effective channel response matrix; and

a memory coupled to the at least one processor.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the at least one processor is configured to derive the channel response matrix, and wherein the channel information comprises at least one channel response vector from the channel response matrix.

31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the at least one processor is configured to derive a transmit covariance matrix based on the at least one channel response vector, to derive the multiple eigenvectors based on the transmit covariance matrix, to select the at least one eigenvector from among the multiple eigenvectors, and to derive the effective channel response matrix based on the channel response matrix and the at least one eigenvector.

32. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the at least one processor is configured to form a beam construction matrix with the at least one channel response vector and at least one additional vector, to derive a unitary matrix based on the beam construction matrix, to compute an outer product of the unitary matrix, to average the outer product to obtain a long-term covariance matrix, and to derive the transmit covariance matrix based on the long-term covariance matrix.

33. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the at least one processor is configured to derive a channel response matrix for the MIMO channel, to derive a long-term covariance matrix based on the channel response matrix, and to send the long-term covariance matrix to a transmitter.

34. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine a MIMO transmission rank, to determine at least one channel quality indicator (CQI) for the MIMO channel, and to send the MIMO transmission rank and the at least one CQI to a transmitter.

35. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine performance metrics for a plurality of ranks, each rank indicative of a different number of data streams to send simultaneously via the MIMO channel, and to select a rank from among the plurality of ranks based on the performance metrics.

36. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine capacity of the MIMO channel for each of a plurality of ranks and to select a rank based on capacities of the MIMO channel for the plurality of ranks.

37. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein the at least one processor is configured to determine throughput for each of a plurality of ranks and to select a rank based on throughputs for the plurality of ranks.

38. A method comprising:

receiving symbols for a data transmission sent via a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel to multiple antennas at a receiver;

determining an effective channel response matrix formed by a channel response matrix for the MIMO channel and at least one eigenvector used for the data transmission and selected from among multiple eigenvectors derived based on channel information for a subset of the multiple antennas; and

performing MIMO detection on the received symbols with the effective channel response matrix.

39. The method of claim 38, wherein the determining the effective channel response matrix comprises

deriving the channel response matrix,

deriving a transmit covariance matrix based on at least one channel response vector from the channel response matrix,

deriving the multiple eigenvectors based on the transmit covariance matrix,

selecting the at least one eigenvector from among the multiple eigenvectors, and

deriving the effective channel response matrix based on the channel response matrix and the at least one eigenvector.

40. The method of claim 38, further comprising:

determining a MIMO transmission rank for the MIMO channel;

determining at least one channel quality indicator (CQI) for the MIMO channel; and

sending the MIMO transmission rank and the at least one CQI to a transmitter.

41. An apparatus comprising:

means for receiving symbols for a data transmission sent via a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel to multiple antennas at a receiver;

means for determining an effective channel response matrix formed by a channel response matrix for the MIMO channel and at least one eigenvector used for the data transmission and selected from among multiple eigenvectors derived based on channel information for a subset of the multiple antennas; and

means for performing MIMO detection on the received symbols with the effective channel response matrix.

42. The apparatus of claim 41, wherein the means for determining the effective channel response matrix comprises

means for deriving the channel response matrix,

means for deriving a transmit covariance matrix based on at least one channel response vector from the channel response matrix,

means for deriving the multiple eigenvectors based on the transmit covariance matrix,

means for selecting the at least one eigenvector from among the multiple eigenvectors, and

means for deriving the effective channel response matrix based on the channel response matrix and the at least one eigenvector.

43. The apparatus of claim 41, further comprising:

means for determining a MIMO transmission rank for the MIMO channel;

means for determining at least one channel quality indicator (CQI) for the MIMO channel; and

means for sending the MIMO transmission rank and the at least one CQI to a transmitter.

44. A computer-readable medium including instructions stored thereon, comprising:

a first instruction set for directing reception of symbols for a data transmission sent via a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel to multiple antennas at a receiver;

a second instruction set for determining an effective channel response matrix formed by a channel response matrix for the MIMO channel and at least one eigenvector used for the data transmission and selected from among multiple eigenvectors derived based on channel information for a subset of the multiple antennas; and

a third instruction set for performing MIMO detection on the received symbols with the effective channel response matrix.