Photonic structures for efficient light extraction and conversion in multi-color light emitting devices
First Claim
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1. A high efficiency light emitting diode (LED) comprising:
- (a) a substrate;
(b) a first active region, formed on the substrate, and including one or more primary emitting species (PES) that are electrically-injected;
(c) one or more photonic crystals, formed on the first region; and
(d) a second active region, formed on the photonic crystals, and including one or more secondary emitting species (SES) that are optically-pumped;
(e) wherein the photonic crystals extract waveguided modes emitted by the PES to optically pump the SES.
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Abstract
A high efficiency light emitting diode (LED) comprised of a substrate, a buffer layer grown on the substrate (if such a layer is needed), a first active region comprising primary emitting species (PES) that are electrically-injected, a second active region comprising secondary emitting species (SES) that are optically-pumped by the light emitted from the PES, and photonic crystals, wherein the photonic crystals act as diffraction gratings to provide high light extraction efficiency, to provide efficient excitation of the SES, and/or to modulate the far-field emission pattern.
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Citations
30 Claims
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1. A high efficiency light emitting diode (LED) comprising:
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(a) a substrate;
(b) a first active region, formed on the substrate, and including one or more primary emitting species (PES) that are electrically-injected;
(c) one or more photonic crystals, formed on the first region; and
(d) a second active region, formed on the photonic crystals, and including one or more secondary emitting species (SES) that are optically-pumped;
(e) wherein the photonic crystals extract waveguided modes emitted by the PES to optically pump the SES.
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2. A high efficiency light emitting diode (LED) comprising:
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(a) a first active region including one or more primary emitting species (PES) in a PES layer that are electrically-injected;
(b) a second active region including one or more secondary emitting species (SES) in an SES layer that are optically-pumped; and
(c) one or more photonic crystals, formed proximate to the first and second regions, wherein the photonic crystals extract waveguided (WG) modes emitted by the PES and the SES. - View Dependent Claims (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15)
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16. A method of fabricating a high efficiency light emitting diode (LED), comprising:
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(a) forming a first active region including one or more primary emitting species (PES) in a PES layer that are electrically-injected;
(b) forming a second active region including one or more secondary emitting species (SES) in an SES layer that are optically-pumped; and
(c) forming one or more photonic crystals proximate the first and second regions, wherein the photonic crystals extract waveguided (WG) modes emitted by the PES and the SES. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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Specification