Apparatus and method for non-invasive and minimally-invasive sensing of parameters relating to blood
First Claim
1. A system for monitoring one or more parameters relating to blood of a patient comprising:
- an acoustic energy transducer unit configured and positioned to transmit acoustic energy into a target structure within the patient so as to induce a measurable change within the target structure;
at least one optical transmitter configured to generate electromagnetic radiation containing photons having a specific interaction with at least one target chromophore in the target structure, the transmitter configured and positioned to transmit the radiation into the target structure;
at least one optical receiver configured and positioned to detect a portion of the electromagnetic radiation scattered from within the target structure; and
a processor adapted to estimate the one or more parameters relating to the patient'"'"'s blood, the estimation based in part on the scattered radiation detected from within the target structure.
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Accused Products
Abstract
A system and method for monitoring one or more parameters relating to blood, such as cardiac output, of a patient is provided. The system preferably includes an acoustic energy transducer unit configured and positioned to transmit acoustic energy into a target structure, preferably a blood vessel, within the patient so as to induce a measurable change, preferably a change in blood volume, within the target structure. The transducer unit can be an ultrasonic array, annular array, or groups thereof, or a single element transducer. The unit can also be a vibrator or acoustic loudspeaker. An optical transmitter transmits light into the target structure, and an optical receiver senses light scattered from within the target structure. The blood parameter can then be estimated from the sensed scattered radiation. Relative blood oxygen saturation in the blood vessel, can be estimated by transmitting two wavelengths to measure oxy-hemoglobin and deoxy-hemoglobin.
228 Citations
84 Claims
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1. A system for monitoring one or more parameters relating to blood of a patient comprising:
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an acoustic energy transducer unit configured and positioned to transmit acoustic energy into a target structure within the patient so as to induce a measurable change within the target structure;
at least one optical transmitter configured to generate electromagnetic radiation containing photons having a specific interaction with at least one target chromophore in the target structure, the transmitter configured and positioned to transmit the radiation into the target structure;
at least one optical receiver configured and positioned to detect a portion of the electromagnetic radiation scattered from within the target structure; and
a processor adapted to estimate the one or more parameters relating to the patient'"'"'s blood, the estimation based in part on the scattered radiation detected from within the target structure. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42)
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43. A method for monitoring one or more parameters relating to blood of a patient comprising the steps of:
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inducing a change in blood volume in a target structure within the patient;
transmitting two or more frequencies of electromagnetic radiation into the target structure;
sensing the two or more frequencies of electromagnetic radiation having scattered from within the target structure; and
calculating the one or more parameters relating to blood based at least in part on the sensed electromagnetic radiation. - View Dependent Claims (44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84)
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Specification