Apparatus and method for mask free delivery of an inspired gas mixture and gas sampling

• US 20070095347A1
• Filed: 12/19/2006
• Published: 05/03/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 06/13/2000
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Scott Laboratories, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Scott Laboratories, Inc.
• Inventors: Lampotang, Samsun, Hickle, Randall
• Granted Patent: US 7,997,271 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 128/204.23
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0836 Measuring rate of CO2 production
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/097 Devices for facilitating collection of breath or for directing breath into or through measuring devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6819 Nose
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/00 Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes stimulating the respiratory movement by mechanical, pneumatic or electrical means, iron lungs combined with gas breathing means A61H31/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/024 including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0666 Nasal cannulas or tubing devices for improving normal breathing through the nose A61F5/08; nose filters A62B23/06; outside holding devices A61M25/02
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0677 Gas-saving devices therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0683 Holding devices therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0808 Condensation traps
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/085 Gas sampling
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0858 Pressure sampling ports
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/0216 Materials providing elastic properties, e.g. for facilitating deformation and avoid breaking
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3375 Acoustical, e.g. ultrasonic, measuring means
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2210/0618 Nose
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2210/0625 Mouth
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/432 partial CO2 pressure (P-CO2)
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/437 the anaesthetic agent concentration

Abstract

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for the delivery of inspired gas, e.g., supplemental O₂, to a person combined with gas sampling, including for the purpose of monitoring of the ventilation of the person. In the invention, the delivery of inspired gas and gas sampling are accomplished without the use of a sealed face mask. The apparatus of one embodiment of the present invention comprises an oxygen delivery device, nasal airway pressure sampling devices, optionally an oral airway pressure sampling device and at least one pressure analyzer connected to the sampling devices which determine the phase of the person'"'"'s respiration cycle and the person'"'"'s primary airway. The oxygen delivery device is connected to a controller such that it delivers a higher flow of oxygen to the person during the inhalation phase of the person'"'"'s respiratory cycle. The invention thus increases end tidal oxygen concentrations. The invention further comprises carbon dioxide sampling tubes that continuously sample gas from two nasal sites and the mouth. The nasal sampling tubes are connected to a switching valve that is in turn connected to a capnometer which determines carbon dioxide concentration during exhalation. The oral gas sampling site is connected to a second capnometer.

Claims

1. A mask-free delivery apparatus that delivers inspired gas to a person and samples expired gases from the person, said apparatus comprising:

an inspired gas delivery device comprising nasal lumens and oral lumens adapted to receive the expired gases from each of the patient'"'"'s nostrils and the patient'"'"'s mouth, respectively, of said nasal lumens and oral lumens one lumen is a pressure lumen for sampling the pressure resulting from a patient'"'"'s nose and mouth breathing and the other lumen continuously samples the respiratory gases,

said inspired gas delivery device being connected to a controller that modulates the flow of inspired gas in accordance with the phase of the person'"'"'s respiratory cycle,

a pressure analyzer being connected to said nasal lumens and said oral lumens, the said pressure analyzer determining the phase of the person'"'"'s respiratory cycle, and

at least one gas analyzer being connected to said nasal lumens and said oral lumens, the said at least one gas analyzer measuring the level of a gas or drug in the exhaled gas.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller delivers a higher flow of supplied gas during the inhalation phase of the person'"'"'s respiratory cycle.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least two of said nasal and oral lumens are connected to a pressure comparator which determines the person'"'"'s primary respiratory site.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the controller provide a reduced flow of supplied gas during the exhalation phase.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said higher flow of supplied gas is delivered during a portion of the inhalation phase of the person'"'"'s respiratory cycle, and wherein said portion of the inhalation phase ends in advance of the exhalation phase.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein further comprising an oxygen diffuser which provides diffused oxygen into the immediate area of the person'"'"'s nose and mouth.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said lumens and said inspired gas delivery device comprise a pneumatic harness, and wherein said lumens are prepackaged in one or more clusters, said clusters being manually separable from one another and attachable to said elongated body prior to positioning on the person.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said pressure analyzer monitors changes in a sum of the pressures detected at both the nostrils.