CATALYTIC ADSORBENTS OBTAINED FROM MUNICIPAL SLUDGES, INDUSTRIAL SLUDGES, COMPOST AND TOBACCO WASTE AND PROCESS FOR THEIR PRODUCTION
First Claim
1. An adsorbent derived from one of compost or compost materials and sludge comprising:
- a) 20-30% porous carbon with incorporated organic nitrogen species; and
b) 70-80% inorganic matter, wherein the sludge is a at least one of industrial or municipal sludge.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Industrial waste derived adsorbents were obtained by pyrolysis of sewage sludge, metal sludge, waste oil sludge and tobacco waste in some combination. The materials were used as media to remove hydrogen sulfide at room temperature in the presence of moisture. The initial and exhausted adsorbents after the breakthrough tests were characterized using sorption of nitrogen, thermal analysis, XRD, ICP, and surface pH measurements. Mixing tobacco and sludges result in a strong synergy enhancing the catalytic properties of adsorbents. During pyrolysis new mineral phases are formed as a result of solid state reaction between the components of the sludges. High temperature of pyrolysis is beneficial for the adsorbents due to the enhanced activation of carbonaceous phase and chemical stabilization of inorganic phase. Samples obtained at low temperature are sensitive to water, which deactivates their catalytic centers.
27 Citations
30 Claims
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1. An adsorbent derived from one of compost or compost materials and sludge comprising:
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a) 20-30% porous carbon with incorporated organic nitrogen species; and
b) 70-80% inorganic matter, wherein the sludge is a at least one of industrial or municipal sludge. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method of making an adsorbent which comprises the steps of:
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a) composting compost materials;
b) thermally drying dewatered sewage sludge to form granulated organic fertilizer;
c) mixing the organic fertilizer and the compost; and
b) pyrolyzing the mixture at temperatures between 600°
C. and 1000°
C. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17)
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- 18. The process of removing acidic gases from wet air streams comprising putting an adsorbent comprising 20-30% porous carbon with incorporated organic nitrogen species and 70-80% inorganic matter derived from sewage sludge in contact with the wet air stream and allowing the adsorbent to adsorb the acidic gases.
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22. The process of removing acidic gases from wet air streams comprising:
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composting compost materials;
forming an adsorbent by thermally drying dewatered sewage sludge to form granulated organic fertilizer;
mixing the compost with the organic fertilizer; and
pyrolyzing said mixture at temperatures between 600-1000°
C., putting said adsorbent in contact with the wet air stream, and allowing the adsorbent to adsorb the acidic gases. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28)
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29. A method for producing an adsorbent, comprising the steps of:
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combining a first sludge and at least one of a second sludge and a compost material to form a mixture;
thermally drying the mixture;
pyrolizing the mixture at a temperature between about 600°
C. and 1,100°
C.; and
forming at least one of wurtzite, ferroan, chalcocite, spinel, feroxyhite, bornite, hibonite, zincite, ankerite, pyrope, perrohotite, chalocopyrite, triolite, fersilicite, sapphirine, maghemite, cohenite, lawsonite, smithsonite, sphalerite, goethite, huntite, anorthite, diaspore, vaterite, lepidirocite, bayerite, moghemite, pyrohotite, hematite, sphalerite, almandine, and hematite during the pyrolizing step. - View Dependent Claims (30)
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Specification