Skew correction system eliminating phase ambiguity by using reference multiplication

• US 20070127930A1
• Filed: 04/03/2006
• Published: 06/07/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 12/06/2005
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Applied Materials Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Applied Materials Incorporated
• Inventors: Banu, Mihai, Prodanov, Vladimir
• Application Number:
  US11/397,009
• Publication Number:
  US 20070127930A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 398/155
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/31726 Synchronization, e.g. of test, clock or strobe signals; Signals in different clock domains; Generation of Vernier signals; Comparison and adjustment of the signals
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/31727 Clock circuits aspects, e.g. test clock circuit details, timing aspects for signal generation, circuits for testing clocks G01R31/31725 takes precedence; concerning scan test G01R31/318552, for tester hardware G01R31/31922
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 1/105 in which the distribution is at least partially optical
• CPC Class Codes: H03L 7/0812 and where no voltage or current controlled oscillator is used
• CPC Class Codes: H03L 7/085 concerning mainly the frequency- or phase-detection arrangement including the filtering or amplification of its output signal H03L7/10 takes precedence; circuits for comparing the phase or frequency of two mutually-independent oscillations H03D13/00
• CPC Class Codes: H03L 7/18 using a frequency divider or counter in the loop H03L7/20, H03L7/22 take precedence

Abstract

A system for generating a local clock signal, the system including: a skew correction circuit for receiving first and second periodic signals that have associated skews, wherein the skew correction circuit is configured to use the received first and second periodic signals to generate a third periodic signal that has a fixed skew between the skews of the first and second periodic signals; a phase detector with a first input that receives the third periodic signal from the skew correction circuit and a second input; a variable oscillator for generating an output signal having a frequency that is controlled by the phase detector; and a frequency divider for dividing the frequency of the oscillator'"'"'s output signal, wherein the frequency-divided output signal is fed back to the second input of the phase detector, and wherein the local clock signal is derived from the oscillator'"'"'s output signal.

Claims

1. A method of generating a local clock signal, said method comprising:

introducing a first periodic signal with a period T_C into a first end of a signal transmission system for transmission over the signal transmission system from the first end to a second end;

introducing a second periodic signal with a period T_C into the second end for transmission over the signal transmission system from the second end to the first end;

at a preselected location along the signal transmission system, detecting the first and second periodic signals, wherein the detected first and second periodic signals have associated skews;

based on both the detected first and second periodic signals, generating a third periodic signal that has a fixed skew that is between the skews of the detected first and second periodic signals;

generating a fourth periodic signal with a frequency of 1/T_R;

dividing the frequency of the fourth periodic signal by 2^N to generate a fifth periodic signal, wherein N is a number that is greater than 1;

phase locking the fifth periodic signal to the third periodic signal so that T_R=T_C; and

deriving the local clock signal from the fourth periodic signal, wherein the local clock signal has a frequency that is greater than the first and second periodic signals.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the local clock signal has a frequency that is substantially greater than the frequency of the first periodic signal.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal transmission system is characterized by a signal traversal time of T_L, and wherein T_C≧

T_L.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein N is an integer that is greater than 1.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein deriving the local clock signal from the fourth periodic signal involves dividing the frequency of the fourth clock signal by 2^M, wherein M is a number that is greater than 1.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein M is less than N.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein M is equal to N.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the local clock signal has a frequency that is equal to (2^N)/T_C.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second periodic signals are pulse signals.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second periodic signals are sinusoidal signals.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second periodic signals are optical signals.

12. The method of claim 1, wherein the signal transmission system includes a first optical waveguide and a second optical waveguide both of which extend in parallel from the first end to the second end of the signal transmission system and wherein introducing a first periodic signal into the first end of the signal transmission system involves introducing the first periodic signal into the first end of the first optical waveguide, and wherein introducing the second periodic signal into the first end of the signal transmission system involves introducing the second periodic signal into the second end of the second optical waveguide.

13. A system for generating a local clock signal, said system comprising:

a skew correction circuit which has a first input for receiving a first periodic signal and a second input for receiving a second periodic signal, wherein the received first and second periodic signals have associated skews, wherein the skew correction circuit is configured to use both the received first and second periodic signals to generate a third periodic signal that has a fixed skew that is between the skews of the first and second periodic signals;

a phase detector with a first input that receives the third periodic signal from the skew correction circuit and a second input;

a variable oscillator for generating an output signal having a frequency that is controlled by the phase detector; and

a frequency divider which divides the frequency of the oscillator'"'"'s output signal to produce a frequency-divided output signal, wherein the frequency-divided output signal is fed back to the second input of the phase detector, and wherein the local clock signal is derived from the oscillator'"'"'s output signal.

14. The system of claim 13, wherein the local clock signal is the oscillator'"'"'s output signal.

15. The system of claim 13, wherein the oscillator is a voltage controlled oscillator.

16. The system of claim 13, wherein the first-mentioned frequency divider is configured to divide the frequency of the oscillator'"'"'s output signal by 2^N, wherein N is a number that is greater than 1.

17. The method of claim 13, wherein N is an integer that is greater than 1.

18. The system of claim 16, further comprising a second frequency divider which divides the frequency of the oscillator'"'"'s output signal to produce the local clock signal.

19. The system of claim 18, wherein the second frequency divider is configured to divide the frequency of the oscillator'"'"'s output signal by 2^M, wherein M is a number that is greater than 1.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein M is less than N.

21. The system of claim 19, wherein M is equal to N.

22. The system of claim 13, wherein the local clock signal has a frequency that is substantially greater than the frequency of the first periodic signal.

23. The system of claim 13, further comprising:

a signal transmission system for carrying first and second clock signals that travel over the signal transmission system in opposite directions; and

a detector system for detecting the first and second clock signals at a predetermined location along the transmission system, wherein the first periodic signal is derived from the detected first clock signal and the second periodic signal is derived from the detected second clock signal.

24. The system of claim 23, wherein the signal transmission system is characterized by a signal traversal time of T_L, wherein the frequency of the first and second clock signals is T_C, and wherein T_C≧

T_L.

25. The system of claim 24, wherein the first-mentioned frequency divider is configured to divide the frequency of the oscillator'"'"'s output signal by 2^N, wherein N is a number that is greater than 1 and wherein the local clock signal has a frequency that is equal to (2^N)/T_C.

26. The system of claim 23, wherein the first and second periodic signals are pulse signals.

27. The system of claim 23, wherein the first and second periodic signals are sinusoidal signals.

28. The system of claim 23, wherein the first and second periodic signals are optical signals.

29. The system of claim 23, wherein the signal transmission system includes a first optical waveguide and a second optical waveguide both of which extend in parallel from the first end to the second end of the signal transmission system and wherein the first optical waveguide is for carrying the first clock signal and the second optical waveguide is for carrying the second clock signal.