Uniform surfaces for hybrid material substrate and methods for making and using same
First Claim
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1. An analytical substrate, comprising:
- a first layer comprising a first surface having at least first and second material regions, the first and second material regions having one or more chemical or physical properties that differ when the first and second regions are exposed to a first chemical environment;
a second layer disposed over at least one of the first and second material regions to provide a second surface to the substrate, wherein the second surface that is substantially uniform with respect to the one or more chemical or physical properties, when the second surface is exposed to the first chemical environment.
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Abstract
Devices, systems and methods of using same where hybrid substrate materials are provided with a substantially uniform surface to provide uniformity of properties, including interaction with their environments. Uniform surfaces are applied as coatings over, e.g., hybrid metal/silica, metal/polymer, metal/metal surfaces to mask different chemical properties of differing regions of the surface and to afford a protective surface for the hybrid structure.
175 Citations
23 Claims
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1. An analytical substrate, comprising:
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a first layer comprising a first surface having at least first and second material regions, the first and second material regions having one or more chemical or physical properties that differ when the first and second regions are exposed to a first chemical environment;
a second layer disposed over at least one of the first and second material regions to provide a second surface to the substrate, wherein the second surface that is substantially uniform with respect to the one or more chemical or physical properties, when the second surface is exposed to the first chemical environment. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13)
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14. A layered structure, comprising:
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a first layer substrate comprised of a first material having a first surface;
a second layer disposed upon, but not completely covering the first surface of the first layer, having a second surface, the second layer being comprised of a second material having dissimilar chemical properties from the first layer; and
a third layer disposed over the second surface and exposed portions of the first surface, the third layer providing a third surface having substantially uniform chemical properties.
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15. An analytical device, comprising:
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a receptacle for receiving an analytical fluid;
a substrate disposed within the receptacle, the substrate comprising;
a first layer comprised of a first material and having a first surface;
a second, discontinuous layer disposed upon the first surface of the first layer, the second layer comprised of a second material different from the first material; and
a third substantially continuous layer disposed over the second layer to provide a uniform surface exposed to the analytical fluid/protect the first or second layer from the analytical fluid/prevent differential interaction between the analytical fluid and any one of the first, second or third layers.
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16. A method of performing an analytical reaction comprising:
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providing a substrate that comprises;
a first layer comprising a first surface having at least first and second material regions, the first and second material regions having one or more chemical or physical properties that differ when the first and second regions are exposed to a first chemical environment;
a second layer disposed over at least one of the first and second material regions to provide a second surface to the substrate, wherein the second surface that is substantially uniform with respect to the one or more chemical or physical properties, when the second surface is exposed to the first chemical environment;
providing a reaction fluid upon the first surface that comprises the first chemical environment; and
performing the analytical reaction in the reaction fluid. - View Dependent Claims (17)
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18. A method of producing an analytical substrate, comprising:
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providing a first transparent layer having a first surface;
providing a second discontinuous layer over the first surface of the first transparent layer, resulting in a second surface comprised of exposed portions of the first surface of the first transparent layer and the second discontinuous layer; and
providing a third layer over at least one of the discontinuous layer and the exposed portions of the first surface of the transparent substrate, to provide a third surface that is substantially uniform with respect to the one or more chemical or physical properties, when the third surface is exposed to the first chemical environment. - View Dependent Claims (19, 20, 21, 23)
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22. A system, comprising:
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a substrate, comprising;
a first layer comprising a first surface having at least first and second material regions, the first and second material regions having one or more chemical or physical properties that differ when the first and second regions are exposed to a first chemical environment;
a second layer disposed over at least one of the first and second material regions to provide a second surface to the substrate, wherein the second surface that is substantially uniform with respect to the one or more chemical or physical properties, when the second surface is exposed to the first chemical environment;
an optical detection system positioned to receive optical signals from a reaction fluid disposed upon the substrate.
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Specification