Compositions and methods for removing mercury from mercury-containing fluids
First Claim
1. An oxidative sorbent composition for the substantial removal of mercury from mercury-containing fluids comprising:
- a matrix material selected from one or more silicates; and
at least one metal halide, metal sulfate or combination thereof impregnated in the matrix material.
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Abstract
Oxidative sorbents are provided for adsorbing elemental or oxidized mercury from mercury-containing fluids such as flue gas from a coal-burning power utility or the like at a temperature range of about 50 to 350 ° C. The method of preparing and using the oxidative sorbents is also provided. The oxidative sorbent compositions include one or more silicates capable of cation exchange with a plurality of active metal cations and their counter anions. The silicates may include those selected from clays such as montmorillonite, laumonite, bentonite, Mica, vermiculite and kaolinite, and from silica gels, natural and synthetic molecular sieves, zeolites, and ashes from stoker- and pulverized coal-fired boilers. The one or more oxidative metal halides and/or sulfates may be selected from the group consisting of CuCl, CuBr, CuCl2, CuBr2, CuSO4, FeCl2, FeCl3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, ZnCl2, ZnBr2, NiCl2, and NiSO4. The oxidative sorbents may also include activated carbon.
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Citations
20 Claims
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1. An oxidative sorbent composition for the substantial removal of mercury from mercury-containing fluids comprising:
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a matrix material selected from one or more silicates; and
at least one metal halide, metal sulfate or combination thereof impregnated in the matrix material. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9)
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10. A method for preparation of an oxidative sorbent composition for use in substantially removing mercury from fluids, comprising the steps of:
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contacting one or more silicates with at least one metal halide, metal sulfate, or combination thereof to make metal-impregnated silicates; and
adding activated carbon to the metal-impregnated silicates. - View Dependent Claims (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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17. A method to capture mercury from mercury-containing fluid, comprising the steps of:
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Contacting the mercury-containing fluid with an oxidative sorbent, the oxidative sorbent comprising one or more silicates impregnated with at least one metal halide, metal sulfate, or combination thereof; and
Capturing mercury onto the oxidative sorbent.
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18. The method of claim 18, wherein the oxidative sorbent further comprises activated carbon.
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19. A method to capture mercury from a flue gas stream containing elemental and ionic mercury, comprising the steps of:
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Injecting a porous oxidative sorbent into the flue gas stream;
Capturing mercury onto the porous oxidative sorbent when the oxidative sorbent is exposed to the flue gas stream; and
Removing and disposing of the spent oxidative sorbent, wherein the porous oxidative sorbent comprises at least one metal halide, metal sulfate, or combination thereof selected from the group consisting of CuCl, CuBr, CuCl2, CuBr2, CuSO4, FeCl2, FeCl3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, ZnCl2, ZnBr2, NiCl2, and NiSO4, and a matrix material selected from one or more silicates selected from the group consisting of clays such as montmorillonite, laumonite, bentonite, Mica, vermiculite and kaolinite, and from silica gels, natural and synthetic molecular sieves, zeolites, and ashes from stoker- and pulverized coal-fired boilers.
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20. A process for treating the surface of one or more silicates for ion exchange comprising:
contacting the surface of one or more silicates with at least one metal halide, metal sulfate, or combination thereof, selected from the group consisting of CuCl, CuBr, CuCl2, CuBr2, CuSO4, FeCl2, FeCl3, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, ZnCl2, ZnBr2, NiCl2, and NiSO4.
Specification