Nanoparticle precursor structures, nanoparticle structures, and composite materials

• US 20070148461A1
• Filed: 12/23/2005
• Published: 06/28/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 12/23/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Schewe, Scott, Warner, Robert, Atanasoska, Liliana, Ippoliti, J.
• Granted Patent: US 7,470,466 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 428/404
• CPC Class Codes: B82Y 30/00 Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 5/005 Reinforced macromolecular compounds with nanosized materials, e.g. nanoparticles, nanofibres, nanotubes, nanowires, nanorods or nanolayered materials
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 9/04 Ingredients treated with organic substances treated with macromolecular compounds C08K9/08
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 977/773 Nanoparticle, i.e. structure having three dimensions of 100 nm or less
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 977/778 within specified host or matrix material, e.g. nanocomposite films
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 977/783 Organic host/matrix, e.g. lipid
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2982 Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2991 Coated
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2993 Silicic or refractory material containing [e.g., tungsten oxide, glass, cement, etc.]
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/2998 including synthetic resin or polymer
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/31663 As siloxane, silicone or silane

Abstract

Nanoparticle precursor structures, nanoparticle structures, and composite materials that include the nanoparticle structures in a polymer to form a composite material. The nanoparticle structures have chemical linkage moieties capable of forming non-covalent bonds with portions of a polymer for the composite material. Such composite materials are useful as biomaterials in medical devices.

Claims

1. A nanoparticle comprising a core of a metal-oxide based polymer with an organic compound that extends from the core, where the metal-oxide based polymer of the core is formed using a sol-gel process, and the organic compound has a portion that can non-covalent bond with a polymer.

2. The nanoparticle of claim 1, where the silicon oxide based polymer of the core is formed using a nanoparticle precursor structure of the formula (R₁O)_wSi(R₂—

A—

R)_z and at least one silicon alkoxide of the formula Si(OR₃)₄ in the sol-gel process, where A is the portion that can non-covalent bond with the polymer, R, R₁, R₂ and R₃ are each independently an organic group, and w and z are each independently 1 to 3.

3. The nanoparticle of claim 2, where A is a urethane group.

4. The nanoparticle of claim 1, where each R, R₁, and R₃ is independently a (C1-C8) alkyl group, and R₂ is a (C1-C18)alkylene group.

5. A nanoparticle precursor structure comprising a compound of the formula (R₁O)_wSi(R₂—

A—

R)_z, where;

R, R₁ and R₂ are each independently an organic group, and w and z are each independently 1 to 3.

6. The nanoparticle precursor structure of claim 5, where each R and R₁ is independently a (C1-C18)alkyl group, and R₂ is a (C1-C18)alkylene group.

7. A nanoparticle structure comprising a compound of the formula [(Si—

O)_n—

(Si—

O)_m]_p—

(R₂—

A—

R)_r;

where A is a portion that can non-covalent bond with a polymer, R and R₂ are each independently an organic group;

n, m and p are each independently in a polymeric range;

r is at least 25 percent of n.

8. The nanoparticle structure of claim 7, where the nanoparticle structure is derived from a nanoparticle precursor structure of the formula (R₁O)_wSi(R₂—

A—

R)_z and at least one silicon alkoxide of the formula Si(OR₃)₄ in the sol-gel process, where A is the portion that can non-covalent bond with the polymer, R, R₁, R₂ and R₃ are each independently an organic group, and w and z are each independently 1 to 3.

9. The nanoparticle structure of claim 8, where [(Si—

O)_n—

(Si—

O)_m]_p is a silicon oxide based polymer that forms a nanoparticle from which the groups (R₂—

A—

R)_r extend.

10. The nanoparticle structure of claim 9, where the silicon oxide based polymer of the nanoparticle is formed using a sol-gel process.

11. The nanoparticle structure of claim 8, where A is a urethane group.

12. The nanoparticle of claim 8, where R is a (C1-C8)alkyl group and R₂ is a (C1-C18)alkylene group.

13. A composite material, comprising:

a polymer having non-covalent bonding groups; and

nanoparticle dispersed in the polymer, where the nanoparticle includes a core of a silicon oxide based polymer with an organic compound that extends from the core, where the silicon oxide based polymer of the core is formed using a sol-gel process, and the organic compound has a portion that can non-covalent bond with the non-covalent bonding groups of the polymer.

14. The composite material of claim 13, where the silicon oxide based polymer of the core is formed using a nanoparticle precursor structure of the formula (R₁O)_wSi(R₂—

A—

R)_z and at least one silicon alkoxide of the formula Si(OR₃)₄ in the sol-gel process, where A is the portion that can non-covalent bond with the polymer, R, R₁, R₂ and R₃ are each independently an organic group, and w and z are each independently 1 to 3.

15. The composite material of claim 14, where A is a urethane group.

16. The composite material of claim 14, where each R, R₁, and R₃ is independently a (C1-C8)alkyl group, and R₂ is a (C1-C18)alkylene group.

17. A method of forming a composite material, comprising:

providing at least one alcohol of the formula ROH where R is an organic group;

dissolving a polymer having non-covalent bonding groups in the at least one alcohol;

providing at least one silicon containing compound of the formula (R₁O)_wSi(R₂—

N═

C═

O)_z, where;

R₁, R₂ are each independently an organic group, and w and z are each independently 1 to 3;

reacting the at least one silicon containing compound with the at least one alcohol to form the nanoparticle precursor structure of the formula (R₁O)_wSi(R₂—

(NH)—

(C═

O)—

O—

R)_z;

providing at least one silicon alkoxide of the formula Si(OR₃)₄, where R₃ is an organic group; and

reacting at least one silicon alkoxide of the formula Si(OR₃)_n with the nanoparticle precursor structure of the formula (R₁O)_wSi(R₂—

A—

R)_z to form the nanoparticle structure having a core of crosslink silicon oxides with the group (R₂—

A—

R)_z covalently bonded to the core, where A is a portion that can non-covalent bond with the non-covalent bonding groups of the polymer to disperse the nanoparticle structure in the polymer.

18. The method of claim 17, where each R, R₁, and R₃ is independently a (C1-C8)alkyl group, and R₂ is a (C1-C18)alkylene group.

19. The method of claim 17, where A is a urethane group.

20. The method of claim 17, where the core of crosslink metal oxides is formed using a sol-gel process.