Porous three dimensional nest scaffolding

• US 20070168021A1
• Filed: 01/17/2006
• Published: 07/19/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 01/17/2006
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research (Mayo Clinic)
• Original Assignee: Mayo Foundation For Medical Education And Research (Mayo Clinic)
• Inventors: Holmes, David, Simari, Robert, Sandhu, Gurpreet
• Application Number:
  US11/333,054
• Publication Number:
  US 20070168021A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 623/1.420
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2300/00 Biologically active materials used in bandages, wound dressings, absorbent pads or medical devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/38 containing added animal cells organs or tissue containing native cells A61L27/36
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 27/54 Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances A61L27/227 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 31/005 Ingredients of undetermined constitution or reaction products thereof
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 31/16 Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances A61L31/047 takes precedence

Abstract

The invention provides porous three dimensional scaffold structures that may be used to deliver a bioactive agent, such as cells, into a location within the body. In one example form, the porous three dimensional structure may be a stent. In another example form, the porous three dimensional structure may be a microscale or nanoscale device for the delivery of the bioactive agent. The scaffold may include a substrate and one or more nests connected to the substrate. The nest(s) extend away from the substrate to define an enclosed volume on the substrate within each nest. The nests have openings that extend from an outer surface of the nest to the enclosed volume within each nest. The scaffold includes a bioactive agent disposed within the enclosed volume of at least one nest on the substrate. The bioactive agent is delivered to the patient when the scaffold is located within the patient.

Claims

1. A scaffold for location in a patient, the scaffold comprising:

a substrate;

at least one nest connected to the substrate, the nest extending away from the substrate to define an enclosed volume on the substrate associated with the nest, the nest having openings that extend from an outer surface of the nest to the associated enclosed volume; and

a plurality of cells associated with the scaffold.

2. The scaffold of claim 1 wherein:

the cells are disposed within the enclosed volume on the substrate.

3. The scaffold of claim 1 wherein:

the cells are coated on the scaffold.

4. The scaffold of claim 1 wherein:

the substrate is a flexible mesh.

5. The scaffold of claim 1 wherein:

the scaffold has a plurality of nests.

6. The scaffold of claim 1 wherein:

each nest is rigid.

7. The scaffold of claim 1 wherein:

the substrate has openings.

8. The scaffold of claim 1 wherein:

the substrate is formed from polymeric mesh.

9. The scaffold of claim 1 wherein:

each nest is formed from polymeric mesh.

10. The scaffold of claim 1 wherein:

the substrate is formed from metallic wire cloth.

11. The scaffold of claim 1 wherein:

each nest is formed from metallic wire cloth.

12. The scaffold of claim 1 wherein:

the openings of the nest are least 60 microns.

13. A medical device selected from the group consisting of grafts, pledges, artificial ureters, shunts, cartilage, dura, tympanic membrane, biliary duct, skin, biological pacemaker wires, leads, heart valves, nerve fibers, and aneurysm coils or stents, wherein the medical device comprises the scaffold of claim 1.

14. A scaffold for location in a patient, the scaffold comprising:

a non-woven substrate;

at least one non-woven nest connected to the substrate, the nest extending away from the substrate to define an enclosed volume on the substrate associated with the nest, the nest having openings that extend from an outer surface of the nest to the associated enclosed volume; and

a bioactive agent disposed within the enclosed volume on the substrate.

15. The scaffold of claim 14 wherein:

the substrate is a flexible mesh.

16. The scaffold of claim 14 wherein:

the nest includes a side wall and a top wall, and

the top wall of the nest is part of a second substrate, and

the side wall of the nest has openings extending through the side wall.

17. The scaffold of claim 16 wherein:

at least one nest is connected to the second substrate, the nest connected to the second substrate extending away from the second substrate to define an enclosed volume on the second substrate associated with the nest connected to the second substrate, the nest connected to the second substrate having openings that extend from an outer surface of the nest to the associated enclosed volume; and

a bioactive agent disposed within the enclosed volume on the second substrate.

18. The scaffold of claim 17 wherein:

the nest connected to the second substrate includes a side wall and a top wall, and

the top wall of the nest connected to the second substrate is part of a third substrate, and

the side wall of the nest connected to the second substrate has openings extending through the side wall.

19. The scaffold of claim 14 wherein:

the scaffold has a plurality of nests.

20. The scaffold of claim 14 wherein:

each nest is rigid.

21. The scaffold of claim 14 wherein:

the substrate has openings.

22. The scaffold of claim 14 wherein:

the substrate comprises a material selected from polymeric materials and metallic materials.

23. The scaffold of claim 14 wherein:

the openings of the nest are least 60 microns.

24. The scaffold of claim 14 wherein:

the scaffold has a plurality of nests and the nests are regularly spaced on the substrate.

25. The scaffold of claim 14 wherein:

the bioactive agent is selected from cells, precursors, drugs, enzymes, organic catalysts, ribozymes, organometallics, proteins, glycoproteins, peptides, polyamino acids, antibodies, nucleic acids, steroidal molecules, antibiotics, antimycotics, cytokines, growth factors, carbohydrates, oleophobics, lipids, extracellular matrix and/or its individual components, pharmaceuticals, therapeutics, and mixtures thereof.

26. The scaffold of claim 14 wherein:

the bioactive agent is selected from cells, precursors, and mixtures thereof.

27. A medical device selected from the group consisting of grafts, pledges, artificial ureters, shunts, cartilage, dura, tympanic membrane, biliary duct, skin, biological pacemaker wires, leads, heart valves, nerve fibers, and aneurysm coils or stents, wherein the medical device comprises the scaffold of claim 14.

28. A device for delivery of a bioactive agent to a vessel of a patient, the device comprising:

a substrate;

at least one nest connected to the substrate, the nest extending away from the substrate to define an enclosed volume on the substrate associated with the nest, the nest having openings that extend from an outer surface of the nest to the associated enclosed volume; and

a bioactive agent disposed within the enclosed volume on the substrate,

wherein the device is a nanoscale device.

29. The device of claim 28 wherein:

the substrate is a flexible mesh.

30. The device of claim 28 wherein:

the bioactive agent is selected from cells, precursors, and mixtures thereof.

31. The device of claim 28 wherein:

at least one nest or the substrate comprises a magnetic material.

32. A method for treating an occlusion of a blood vessel in a patient, the method comprising:

injecting a plurality of the device of claim 28 upstream of the occlusion such that the plurality of the devices locate near the occlusion.

33. A method for treating an occlusion of a blood vessel in a patient, the method comprising:

injecting a plurality of the device of claim 31 in the blood vessel; and

moving a magnetic field external to the patient such that the plurality of the devices are advanced to and locate near the occlusion.

34. A method for treating an occlusion of a blood vessel in a patient, the method comprising:

magnetically adhering a plurality of the device of claim 31 to a catheter;

moving the catheter in the blood vessel such that the plurality of the devices are located near the occlusion; and

releasing the plurality of the devices from the catheter.

35. A method for delivering a bioactive agent to tissue in a patient, the method comprising:

administering to a site in the patient a plurality of the device of claim 28 such that the plurality of the devices locate near the tissue.

36. The method of claim 35 wherein the device includes a targeting moiety that binds with a moiety of the tissue.

37. The method of claim 36 wherein the targeting moiety is selected from the group consisting of ligands, antibodies, receptors, hormones, adhesion molecules, or portions or fragments thereof.

38. The method of claim 35 further comprising:

applying a magnetic field near the tissue such that the plurality of the devices locate near the tissue.

39. The method of claim 35 further comprising:

applying an electrical field near the tissue such that the plurality of the devices locate near the tissue.

40. A radially expandable lumenal scaffold comprising:

a deformable substrate;

at least one nest connected to the substrate, the nest extending away from the substrate to define an enclosed volume on the substrate associated with the nest, the nest having openings that extend from an outer surface of the nest to the associated enclosed volume; and

a bioactive agent disposed within the enclosed volume on the substrate,

wherein the substrate is wrapped about an axis to form the scaffold.

41. The scaffold of claim 40 wherein:

the nest extends away from the substrate toward the axis.

42. The scaffold of claim 40 wherein:

the nest extends away from the substrate away from the axis.

43. The scaffold of claim 40 wherein:

the scaffold has a plurality of nests.

44. A radially expandable lumenal scaffold comprising:

a deformable substrate;

at least one nest connected to the substrate, the nest extending away from the substrate to define an enclosed volume on the substrate associated with the nest, the nest having openings that extend from an outer surface of the nest to the associated enclosed volume; and

a bioactive agent disposed within the enclosed volume on the substrate,

wherein the substrate is folded to form the scaffold.

45. The scaffold of claim 44 wherein:

the nest extends away from the substrate toward the axis.

46. The scaffold of claim 44 wherein:

the nest extends away from the substrate away from the axis.

47. The scaffold of claim 44 wherein:

the scaffold has a plurality of nests.