Analyte Monitoring Device and Methods of Use

• US 20070179370A1
• Filed: 04/03/2007
• Published: 08/02/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 04/30/1998
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Abbott Diabetes Care Incorporated (Abbott Laboratories Incorporated)
• Original Assignee: Abbott Diabetes Care Incorporated (Abbott Laboratories Incorporated)
• Inventors: Friedman, Keith, Heller, Ephraim, Heller, Adam, Say, James, Gal, Yoram, Aria, Behrad, Tomasco, Michael, Vreeke, Mark, Colman, Fredric, Plante, Phillip
• Granted Patent: US 9,066,694 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 600/345
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0252 using ambient temperature
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0002 Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/002 Monitoring the patient using a local or closed circuit, e.g. in a room or building A61B5/0017 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/01 Measuring temperature of body parts ; Diagnostic temperature sensing, e.g. for malignant or inflamed tissue clinical contact thermometers G01K13/20
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14503 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors A61B5/1459, A61B5/1464, A61B5/1473, A61B5/1482, A61B5/14865 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1451 for interstitial fluid
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14546 for measuring analytes not otherwise provided for, e.g. ions, cytochromes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1473 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter A61B5/1482 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1486 using enzyme electrodes, e.g. with immobilised oxidase
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14865 invasive, e.g. introduced into the body by a catheter or needle or using implanted sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1495 Calibrating or testing of in-vivo probes
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4839 combined with drug delivery
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/72 Signal processing specially adapted for physiological signals or for diagnostic purposes character recognition, recognising digital ink, document-oriented image-based pattern recognition G06V30/00; recognition or understanding of postal images G06V30/424
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7278 Artificial waveform generation or derivation, e.g. synthesising signals from measured signals A61B5/327 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7282 Event detection, e.g. detecting unique waveforms indicative of a medical condition A61B5/4094, A61B5/4818, A61B5/349, A61B5/0823 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7405 using sound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/743 Displaying an image simultaneously with additional graphical information, e.g. symbols, charts, function plots
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7445 Display arrangements, e.g. multiple display units
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/7455 characterised by tactile indication, e.g. vibration or electrical stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/1723 : using feedback of body parameters, e.g. blood-sugar, pressure measurement of body parameters A61B5/00
• CPC Class Codes: C12Q 1/54 : involving glucose or galactose
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 10/40 : for data related to laboratory analysis, e.g. patient specimen analysis
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 20/17 : delivered via infusion or injection
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/3107 : the device being completely enclosed
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 23/49548 : Cross section geometry H01L23/49562 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 : Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/0002 : Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/19041 : being a capacitor
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/3011 : Impedance
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 128/903 : Radio telemetry
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49 : Method of mechanical manufacture
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/49124 : On flat or curved insulated base, e.g., printed circuit, etc.

Abstract

An analyte monitor includes a sensor, a sensor control unit, and a display unit. The sensor has, for example, a substrate, a recessed channel formed in the substrate, and conductive material disposed in the recessed channel to form a working electrode. The sensor control unit typically has a housing adapted for placement on skin and is adapted to receive a portion of an electrochemical sensor. The sensor control unit also includes two or more conductive contacts disposed on the housing and configured for coupling to two or more contact pads on the sensor. A transmitter is disposed in the housing and coupled to the plurality of conductive contacts for transmitting data obtained using the sensor. The display unit has a receiver for receiving data transmitted by the transmitter of the sensor control unit and a display coupled to the receiver for displaying an indication of a level of an analyte. The analyte monitor may also be part of a drug delivery system to alter the level of the analyte based on the data obtained using the sensor.

Claims

1. A method of making a biosensor, comprising:

providing an insulative substrate;

providing a conductive material;

forming an electrode of the conductive material on the substrate using photolithography; and

providing an analyte responsive enzyme to the substrate, at least a portion of the substrate with the analyte responsive enzyme positionable under a skin layer of a user.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the biosensor includes a glucose sensor.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the substrate is approximately 50 to 500 μ

m in thickness.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the conductive material is approximately 25 to 250 μ

m in width.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein the electrode is formed on the conductive material on a first surface of the substrate.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein at least a portion of the analyte responsive enzyme is disposed on the electrode of the conductive material.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the analyte response enzyme includes glucose oxidase or glucose dehydrogenase

10. The method of claim 1 wherein the conductive material includes gold or gold alloy.

8. The method 1 including providing a redox compound to the substrate.

9. The method of claim 8 wherein the redox compound includes a redox polymer.

11. A method of making a biosensor, comprising:

providing an insulative substrate;

providing a conductive material;

forming an electrode of the conductive material on the substrate using a laser; and

applying an analyte responsive enzyme to the substrate.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the conductive material is gold or gold alloy.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the biosensor is a glucose biosensor.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the analyte responsive enzyme is a glucose-responsive enzyme.

15. The method of claim 11, comprising forming a portion of the biosensor to be positioned beneath a skin surface of a user.

16. A method of making a biosensor, comprising:

forming an electrode of the conductive material on a substrate using photolithography;

applying an analyte responsive enzyme to the substrate, at least a portion of the substrate with the analyte responsive enzyme positionable under a skin layer of a user; and

determining a calibration value.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the conductive material is gold or gold alloy.

18. A method of making a biosensor, comprising:

forming an electrode of the conductive material on a substrate using a laser;

applying an analyte responsive enzyme to the substrate, at least a portion of the substrate with the analyte responsive enzyme; and

determining a calibration value.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the conductive material is gold or gold alloy.

20. The method of claim 18 wherein the biosensor includes a glucose sensor.