RFID tag with random number generator having a noise-based input

• US 20070180009A1
• Filed: 02/15/2006
• Published: 08/02/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 03/30/2005
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Impinj, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Impinj, Inc.
• Inventors: Gutnik, Vadim
• Application Number:
  US11/355,665
• Publication Number:
  US 20070180009A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 708/250
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 7/588 Random number generators, i.e. based on natural stochastic processes
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/0861 Generation of secret information including derivation or calculation of cryptographic keys or passwords

Abstract

A random number generator for an RFID tag is described. In one such embodiment the random number generator includes a noise-controlled component comprising a noise source circuit that outputs a noise-based signal operable to generate random numbers from the noise-based signal. The noise-based signal is variable due to noise.

Claims

1. A random number generator for an RFID tag circuit, comprising:

a noise-controlled component that comprises

a noise source circuit that outputs a noise-based signal, and

a digitizer operable to generate random numbers from the noise-based signal.

2. The generator of claim 1, wherein

the noise-based signal is variable due to at least one of electrical noise, thermally induced electrical noise, RF noise, shot noise, flicker noise, signal jitter, metastability, cosmic rays and radioactive decay.

3. The generator of claim 1, further comprising:

a pseudo random number generator (PRNG) operable in conjunction with the noise-controlled component to generate the random numbers.

4. The generator of claim 3, further comprising:

a combiner to output the random numbers in response to the output of the noise-controlled component and an output of the PRNG.

5. The generator of claim 4, wherein

the combiner comprises a logic gate.

6. The generator of claim 3, wherein

the PRNG is operable to generate the random numbers responsive to the output of the noise-controlled component.

7. The generator of claim 6, wherein

the PRNG is adapted to receive the output of the noise-controlled component as a seed.

8. The generator of claim 6, wherein

the PRNG is adapted to be reconfigured responsive to the output of the digitizer.

9. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the digitizer includes:

a sampling circuit operable to sample the noise-based signal.

10. The generator of claim 1, wherein the digitizer includes:

a comparator circuit operable to compare the noise-based signal to a threshold, and to generate random numbers based on the comparison.

11. The generator of claim 1, wherein the noise source circuit includes an oscillator.

12. The generator of claim 11, wherein the random number generator includes:

a flip-flop operable to generate random numbers responsive an output of the oscillator.

13. The generator of claim 1, wherein

the noise-based signal is a current.

14. The generator of claim 1, wherein

the noise-based signal is a noise-based voltage at a sampling node, and

the digitizer outputs a 1 or a 0 depending on the noise-based voltage.

15. The generator of claim 14, wherein

the noise-based voltage is further adjusted according to a noise input, responsive

to the digitizer outputting the 1 or the 0.

16. The generator of claim 14, wherein

the noise source circuit includes a switched capacitor circuit coupled to the sampling node and having switches operable to be clocked by at least one clock signal for adjusting the noise-based voltage.

17. An RFID tag, comprising:

an integrated circuit which includes a random number generator that comprises;

means for generating a variable noise-based signal that depends on noise; and

means for generating random numbers based on the variable signal.

18. The tag of claim 17, wherein

the variable signal is a voltage signal.

19. The tag of claim 17, wherein

the variable signal is a current signal.

20. The tag of claim 17, wherein

the variable signal is variable due to at least one of electrical noise, thermally induced electrical noise, shot noise, flicker noise, signal jitter, metastability, cosmic rays and radioactive decay.

21. The tag of claim 17, wherein

the random numbers are generated by sampling the variable signal over time.

22. A method for an RFID tag, comprising:

generating a variable noise-based signal that depends on noise; and

generating random numbers based on the variable signal.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein

the variable signal is a voltage.

24. The method of claim 22, wherein

the variable signal is a current.

25. The method of claim 22, wherein

the variable signal is variable due to at least one of electrical noise, thermally induced electrical noise, shot noise, flicker noise, signal jitter, metastability, cosmic rays and radioactive decay.

26. The method of claim 22, wherein

the random numbers are generated by sampling the variable signal over time.

27. The method of claim 26, wherein

sampling comprises comparing the variable signal to a threshold.

28. The method of claim 26, wherein

the noise-based signal is further adjusted according to a noise input, responsive to the sampling.

29. The method of claim 22, further comprising:

scrambling the generated random numbers.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein

scrambling is performed by shifting the random numbers through a linear feedback shift register.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein

the random numbers are generated at a first rate, and

the random numbers are shifted through the linear feedback shift register at a second rate faster than the first rate.

32. The method of claim 29, wherein

the variable signal is a noisy clock signal.

33. The method of claim 22, further comprising:

discarding at least an initial portion of the variable signal without generating random numbers from it.

34. The method of claim 22, further comprising:

generating a series of numbers based on the variable signal; and

discarding at least some of the initial numbers of the series to output the random numbers.