Liquids
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Accused Products
Abstract
The present invention relates to ionic liquid comprising an anion and a cation wherein the cation is a primary, secondary or tertiary ammonium ion containing a protonated nitrogen atom.
31 Citations
61 Claims
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1-31. -31. (canceled)
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32. An ionic liquid comprising an anion and a cation characterized in that the cation is a secondary or tertiary nitrogen-containing cation of the formula (I)
N+HRR′- R″
(I)wherein;
R is a hydrocarbyl substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of nitrile, nitro, amino, or other nitrogen-containing functional group;
thiol;
alkylthio;
sulphonyl;
thiocyanate;
isothiocyanate;
azido;
hydrazine;
halogen;
alkyl optionally having one or more ether or thioether linkages;
alkoxy;
alkenyl;
hydroxyl;
carbonyl;
carboxyl;
boronate;
silyl; and
substituted amino;
R′
is a hydrocarbyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of nitrile, nitro, amino, or other nitrogen-containing functional group;
thiol;
alkylthio;
sulphonyl;
thiocyanate;
isothiocyanate;
azido;
hydrazine;
halogen;
alkyl optionally having one or more ether or thioether linkages;
alkoxy;
alkenyl;
hydroxyl;
carbonyl;
carboxyl;
boronate;
silyl; and
substituted amino;
R″
is H or R′
;
any two or three of R, R′ and
R″
may optionally be joined together with the N to form a heterocyclic group, provided the heterocyclic group is not heteroaryl;
the ionic liquid has a melting point below 25°
C. and contains less than 1% water; and
the ionic liquid is not diethanolammonium chloride. - View Dependent Claims (33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 61)
- R″
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58. A method for carrying out an enzyme-catalyzed reaction comprising:
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i.) providing a liquid reaction medium which contains an ionic liquid comprising an anion and a cation wherein the cation is a primary, secondary or tertiary ammonium ion of the formula (I)
N+HRR′
R″
(I)wherein;
R is a hydrocarbyl substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of nitrile, nitro, amino, or other nitrogen-containing functional group;
thiol;
alkylthio;
sulphonyl;
thiocyanate;
isothiocyanate;
azido;
hydrazine;
halogen;
alkyl optionally having one or more ether or thioether linkages;
alkoxy;
alkenyl;
hydroxyl;
carbonyl;
carboxyl;
boronate;
silyl; and
substituted amino;
R′ and
R″
, which may be the same or different, are H or a hydrocarbyl optionally substituted with one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of nitrile, nitro, amino, or other nitrogen-containing functional group;
thiol;
alkylthio;
sulphonyl;
thiocyanate;
isothiocyanate;
azido;
hydrazine;
halogen;
alkyl optionally having one or more ether or thioether linkages;
alkoxy;
alkenyl;
hydroxyl;
carbonyl;
carboxyl;
boronate;
silyl; and
substituted amino; and
any two or three of R, R′ and
R″
may be joined together with the N to form a heterocyclic (excluding heteroaryl) group;
ii.) providing in the liquid reaction medium an enzyme and a substrate for the enzyme; and
iii.) allowing reaction of the substrate to occur.
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Specification