Implantable sensors, implantable pumps and anti-scarring drug combinations

• US 20070197957A1
• Filed: 10/03/2006
• Published: 08/23/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 10/03/2005
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: Alexis Borisy, Benjamin Auspitz, Curtis Keith, Daniel Grau, David Gravett, Edward Jost-Price, George Serbedzija, M Nichols, Philip Toleikis, William Hone
• Original Assignee: Alexis Borisy, Benjamin Auspitz, Curtis Keith, Daniel Grau, David Gravett, Edward Jost-Price, George Serbedzija, M Nichols, Philip Toleikis, William Hone
• Inventors: Keith, Curtis, Borisy, Alexis, Gravett, David, Hunter, William, Serbedzija, George, Jost-Price, Edward, Toleikis, Philip, Auspitz, Benjamin, Nichols, M., Grau, Daniel
• Application Number:
  US11/542,101
• Publication Number:
  US 20070197957A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 604/65
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 9/0024 Solid, semi-solid or solidifying implants, which are implanted or injected in body tissue compositions for intravenous administration, normal injectable solutions or dispersions for, e.g. subcutaneous administration A61K9/0019; brain implants A61K9/0085; (coated) prostheses, catheters or stents A61L
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 2300/602 Type of release, e.g. controlled, sustained, slow
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 31/10 Macromolecular materials
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 31/16 Biologically active materials, e.g. therapeutic substances A61L31/047 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 31/002 Devices for releasing a drug at a continuous and controlled rate for a prolonged period of time artificial gland structures or devices A61F2/022; intra-uterine contraceptive devices A61F6/14; tampons for introducing into the vagina A61F13/20, A61L15/00; suppositories or bougies for intra-vaginal or intra-uterine application A61K9/02; physical forms of medicinal preparations for sustained or differential drug release A61K9/20, A61K9/50
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 5/14276 specially adapted for implantation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 50/30 Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Abstract

Pumps and sensors for contact with tissue are used in combination with an anti-scarring agent or a composition that comprises an anti-scarring agent to inhibit scarring that may otherwise occur when the pumps and sensors are implanted within an animal.

Claims

1. A device comprising a sensor and an anti-scarring drug combination,

wherein said sensor is selected from the group consisting of:

a blood glucose monitor, a tissue glucose monitor, a pressure sensor, a stress sensor, a cardiac sensor, a respiratory sensor, an auditory sensor, an electrolyte sensor, and a metabolite sensor;

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination is selected from;

amoxapine and prednisolone;

paroxetine and prednisolone;

dipyridamole and prednisolone;

dexamethasone and econazole;

diflorasone and alprostadil;

dipyridamole and amoxapine;

dipyridamole and ibudilast;

nortriptyline and loratadine;

nortriptyline and desloratadine;

albendazole and pentamidine;

itraconazole and lovastatin;

terbinafine and manganese sulfate;

a triazole and an aminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a diaminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a quaternary ammonium compound;

an aromatic diamidine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an antiestrogen, an anti-fungal imidazole, disulfiram, and ribavirin;

an aminopyridine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, dacarbazine, or phenelzine;

a quaternary ammonium compound and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an anti-fungal imidazole, halopnogin, MnSO₄, and ZnCl₂;

an antiestrogen and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, cupric chloride, dacarbazine, methoxsalen, and phenelzine;

an antifungal imidazone and at least one compound selected from a group consisting of;

disulfiram and ribavirin;

an estrogenic compound and dacarbazine;

amphotericin B and dithiocarbamoyl disulfide;

terbinafine and a manganese compound;

a tricyclic antidepressant and a corticosteroid;

a tetra-substituted pyrimidopyrimidine and a corticosteroid;

a prostaglandin and a retinoid;

an azole and a steroid;

a steroid and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

a prostaglandin, a beta-adrenergic receptor ligand, an anti-mitotic agent, and a microtubule inhibitor;

a corticosteroid and either a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor or a naradrenaline reuptake inhibitor;

a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant and a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant enhancer;

an antihistamine and a compound selected from the group consisting of a corticosteroid, a tricyclic antidepressant, a tetracyclic antidepressant, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and a steroid receptor modulator;

a tricyclic compound and a corticosteroid;

an antipsychotic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

ciclopirox and an antiproliferative agent;

a salicylanilide and an antiproliferative agent;

pentamidine and chlorpromazine;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

dibucaine and a vinca alkaloid;

an amide local anaesthetic related to bupivacaine and a vinca alkaloid;

pentamidine and an antiproliferative agent;

a triazole and an antiarrhythmic agent;

an azole and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor;

a phenothiazine conjugate;

phenothiazine and an antiproliferative agent;

a kinesin inhibitor and an antiproliferative agent;

an agent that reduces the biological activity of a mitotic kinesin and an agent that reduces the biological activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase;

an anti-inflammatory agent and an agent selected from group consisting of an anti-depressant, an SSRI, a cardiovascular agent, an anti-fungal agent, and prostaglandin;

a cardiovascular drug and an antidepressant;

a cardiovascular drug and a phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor;

an antidepressant and an antihistamine;

an anti-fungal agent and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor; and

an antifungal agent and a metal ion; and

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination inhibits scarring between said sensor and a host into which said sensor is implanted.

2. A device comprising a pump and an anti-scarring drug combination,

wherein said pump is selected from the group consisting of:

an implantable insulin pump, an intrathecal drug delivery pump, and an implantable drug delivery pump;

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination is selected from;

amoxapine and prednisolone;

paroxetine and prednisolone;

dipyridamole and prednisolone;

dexamethasone and econazole;

diflorasone and alprostadil;

dipyridamole and amoxapine;

dipyridamole and ibudilast;

nortriptyline and loratadine;

nortriptyline and desloratadine;

albendazole and pentamidine;

itraconazole and lovastatin;

terbinafine and manganese sulfate;

a triazole and an aminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a diaminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a quaternary ammonium compound;

an aromatic diamidine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an antiestrogen, an anti-fungal imidazole, disulfiram, and ribavirin;

an aminopyridine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, dacarbazine, or phenelzine;

a quaternary ammonium compound and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an anti-fungal imidazole, halopnogin, MnSO₄, and ZnCl₂;

an antiestrogen and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, cupric chloride, dacarbazine, methoxsalen, and phenelzine;

an antifungal imidazone and at least one compound selected from a group consisting of;

disulfiram and ribavirin;

an estrogenic compound and dacarbazine;

amphotericin B and dithiocarbamoyl disulfide;

terbinafine and a manganese compound;

a tricyclic antidepressant and a corticosteroid;

a tetra-substituted pyrimidopyrimidine and a corticosteroid;

a prostaglandin and a retinoid;

an azole and a steroid;

a steroid and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

a prostaglandin, a beta-adrenergic receptor ligand, an anti-mitotic agent, and a microtubule inhibitor;

a corticosteroid and either a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor or a naradrenaline reuptake inhibitor;

a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant and a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant enhancer;

an antihistamine and a compound selected from the group consisting of a corticosteroid, a tricyclic antidepressant, a tetracyclic antidepressant, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and a steroid receptor modulator;

a tricyclic compound and a corticosteroid;

an antipsychotic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

ciclopirox and an antiproliferative agent;

a salicylanilide and an antiproliferative agent;

pentamidine and chlorpromazine;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

dibucaine and a vinca alkaloid;

an amide local anaesthetic related to bupivacaine and a vinca alkaloid;

pentamidine and an antiproliferative agent;

a triazole and an antiarrhythmic agent;

an azole and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor;

a phenothiazine conjugate;

phenothiazine and an antiproliferative agent;

a kinesin inhibitor and an antiproliferative agent;

an agent that reduces the biological activity of a mitotic kinesin and an agent that reduces the biological activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase;

an anti-inflammatory agent and an agent selected from group consisting of an anti-depressant, an SSRI, a cardiovascular agent, an anti-fungal agent, and prostaglandin;

a cardiovascular drug and an antidepressant;

a cardiovascular drug and a phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor;

an antidepressant and an antihistamine;

an anti-fungal agent and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor; and

an antifungal agent and a metal ion; and

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination inhibits scarring between said pump and a host into which said pump is implanted.

3. A method for inhibiting scarring comprising placing a sensor and an anti-scarring drug combination into an animal host,

wherein said sensor is selected from the group consisting of:

a blood glucose monitor, a tissue glucose monitor, a pressure sensor, a stress sensor, a cardiac sensor, a respiratory sensor, an auditory sensor, an electrolyte sensor, and a metabolite sensor;

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination is selected from;

amoxapine and prednisolone;

paroxetine and prednisolone;

dipyridamole and prednisolone;

dexamethasone and econazole;

diflorasone and alprostadil;

dipyridamole and amoxapine;

dipyridamole and ibudilast;

nortriptyline and loratadine;

nortriptyline and desloratadine;

albendazole and pentamidine;

itraconazole and lovastatin;

terbinafine and manganese sulfate;

a triazole and an aminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a diaminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a quaternary ammonium compound;

an aromatic diamidine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an antiestrogen, an anti-fungal imidazole, disulfiram, and ribavirin;

an aminopyridine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, dacarbazine, or phenelzine;

a quaternary ammonium compound and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an anti-fungal imidazole, halopnogin, MnSO₄, and ZnCl₂;

an antiestrogen and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, cupric chloride, dacarbazine, methoxsalen, and phenelzine;

an antifungal imidazone and at least one compound selected from a group consisting of;

disulfiram and ribavirin;

an estrogenic compound and dacarbazine;

amphotericin B and dithiocarbamoyl disulfide;

terbinafine and a manganese compound;

a tricyclic antidepressant and a corticosteroid;

a tetra-substituted pyrimidopyrimidine and a corticosteroid;

a prostaglandin and a retinoid;

an azole and a steroid;

a steroid and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

a prostaglandin, a beta-adrenergic receptor ligand, an anti-mitotic agent, and a microtubule inhibitor;

a corticosteroid and either a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor or a naradrenaline reuptake inhibitor;

a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant and a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant enhancer;

an antihistamine and a compound selected from the group consisting of a corticosteroid, a tricyclic antidepressant, a tetracyclic antidepressant, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and a steroid receptor modulator;

a tricyclic compound and a corticosteroid;

an antipsychotic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

ciclopirox and an antiproliferative agent;

a salicylanilide and an antiproliferative agent;

pentamidine and chlorpromazine;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

dibucaine and a vinca alkaloid;

an amide local anaesthetic related to bupivacaine and a vinca alkaloid;

pentamidine and an antiproliferative agent;

a triazole and an antiarrhythmic agent;

an azole and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor;

a phenothiazine conjugate;

phenothiazine and an antiproliferative agent;

a kinesin inhibitor and an antiproliferative agent;

an agent that reduces the biological activity of a mitotic kinesin and an agent that reduces the biological activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase;

an anti-inflammatory agent and an agent selected from group consisting of an anti-depressant, an SSRI, a cardiovascular agent, an anti-fungal agent, and prostaglandin;

a cardiovascular drug and an antidepressant;

a cardiovascular drug and a phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor;

an antidepressant and an antihistamine;

an anti-fungal agent and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor; and

an antifungal agent and a metal ion; and

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination inhibits scarring.

4. A method for inhibiting scarring comprising placing a pump and an anti-scarring drug combination into an animal host,

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination is selected from:

amoxapine and prednisolone;

paroxetine and prednisolone;

dipyridamole and prednisolone;

dexamethasone and econazole;

diflorasone and alprostadil;

dipyridamole and amoxapine;

dipyridamole and ibudilast;

nortriptyline and loratadine;

nortriptyline and desloratadine;

albendazole and pentamidine;

itraconazole and lovastatin;

terbinafine and manganese sulfate;

a triazole and an aminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a diaminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a quaternary ammonium compound;

an aromatic diamidine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an antiestrogen, an anti-fungal imidazole, disulfiram, and ribavirin;

an aminopyridine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, dacarbazine, or phenelzine;

a quaternary ammonium compound and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an anti-fungal imidazole, halopnogin, MnSO₄, and ZnCl₂;

an antiestrogen and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, cupric chloride, dacarbazine, methoxsalen, and phenelzine;

an antifungal imidazone and at least one compound selected from a group consisting of;

disulfiram and ribavirin;

an estrogenic compound and dacarbazine;

amphotericin B and dithiocarbamoyl disulfide;

terbinafine and a manganese compound;

a tricyclic antidepressant and a corticosteroid;

a tetra-substituted pyrimidopyrimidine and a corticosteroid;

a prostaglandin and a retinoid;

an azole and a steroid;

a steroid and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

a prostaglandin, a beta-adrenergic receptor ligand, an anti-mitotic agent, and a microtubule inhibitor;

a corticosteroid and either a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor or a naradrenaline reuptake inhibitor;

a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant and a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant enhancer;

an antihistamine and a compound selected from the group consisting of a corticosteroid, a tricyclic antidepressant, a tetracyclic antidepressant, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and a steroid receptor modulator;

a tricyclic compound and a corticosteroid;

an antipsychotic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

ciclopirox and an antiproliferative agent;

a salicylanilide and an antiproliferative agent;

pentamidine and chlorpromazine;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

dibucaine and a vinca alkaloid;

an amide local anaesthetic related to bupivacaine and a vinca alkaloid;

pentamidine and an antiproliferative agent;

a triazole and an antiarrhythmic agent;

an azole and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor;

a phenothiazine conjugate;

phenothiazine and an antiproliferative agent;

a kinesin inhibitor and an antiproliferative agent;

an agent that reduces the biological activity of a mitotic kinesin and an agent that reduces the biological activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase;

an anti-inflammatory agent and an agent selected from group consisting of an anti-depressant, an SSRI, a cardiovascular agent, an anti-fungal agent, and prostaglandin;

a cardiovascular drug and an antidepressant;

a cardiovascular drug and a phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor;

an antidepressant and an antihistamine;

an anti-fungal agent and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor; and

an antifungal agent and a metal ion; and

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination inhibits scarring.

5. A method for making a device comprising combining a sensor and an anti-scarring drug combination,

wherein said sensor is selected from the group consisting of:

a blood glucose monitor, a tissue glucose monitor, a pressure sensor, a stress sensor, a cardiac sensor, a respiratory sensor, an auditory sensor, an electrolyte sensor, and a metabolite sensor;

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination is selected from;

amoxapine and prednisolone;

paroxetine and prednisolone;

dipyridamole and prednisolone;

dexamethasone and econazole;

diflorasone and alprostadil;

dipyridamole and amoxapine;

dipyridamole and ibudilast;

nortriptyline and loratadine;

nortriptyline and desloratadine;

albendazole and pentamidine;

itraconazole and lovastatin;

terbinafine and manganese sulfate;

a triazole and an aminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a diaminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a quaternary ammonium compound;

an aromatic diamidine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an antiestrogen, an anti-fungal imidazole, disulfiram, and ribavirin;

an aminopyridine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, dacarbazine, or phenelzine;

a quaternary ammonium compound and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an anti-fungal imidazole, halopnogin, MnSO₄, and ZnCl₂;

an antiestrogen and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, cupric chloride, dacarbazine, methoxsalen, and phenelzine;

an antifungal imidazone and at least one compound selected from a group consisting of;

disulfiram and ribavirin;

an estrogenic compound and dacarbazine;

amphotericin B and dithiocarbamoyl disulfide;

terbinafine and a manganese compound;

a tricyclic antidepressant and a corticosteroid;

a tetra-substituted pyrimidopyrimidine and a corticosteroid;

a prostaglandin and a retinoid;

an azole and a steroid;

a steroid and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

a prostaglandin, a beta-adrenergic receptor ligand, an anti-mitotic agent, and a microtubule inhibitor;

a corticosteroid and either a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor or a naradrenaline reuptake inhibitor;

a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant and a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant enhancer;

an antihistamine and a compound selected from the group consisting of a corticosteroid, a tricyclic antidepressant, a tetracyclic antidepressant, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and a steroid receptor modulator;

a tricyclic compound and a corticosteroid;

an antipsychotic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

ciclopirox and an antiproliferative agent;

a salicylanilide and an antiproliferative agent;

pentamidine and chlorpromazine;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

dibucaine and a vinca alkaloid;

an amide local anaesthetic related to bupivacaine and a vinca alkaloid;

pentamidine and an antiproliferative agent;

a triazole and an antiarrhythmic agent;

an azole and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor;

a phenothiazine conjugate;

phenothiazine and an antiproliferative agent;

a kinesin inhibitor and an antiproliferative agent;

an agent that reduces the biological activity of a mitotic kinesin and an agent that reduces the biological activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase;

an anti-inflammatory agent and an agent selected from group consisting of an anti-depressant, an SSRI, a cardiovascular agent, an anti-fungal agent, and prostaglandin;

a cardiovascular drug and an antidepressant;

a cardiovascular drug and a phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor;

an antidepressant and an antihistamine;

an anti-fungal agent and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor; and

an antifungal agent and a metal ion; and

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination inhibits scarring between said sensor and a host into which said sensor is implanted.

6. A method for making a device comprising combining a pump and an anti-scarring drug combination,

wherein said pump is selected from the group consisting of:

an implantable insulin pump, an intrathecal drug delivery pump, and an implantable drug delivery pump;

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination is selected from;

amoxapine and prednisolone;

paroxetine and prednisolone;

dipyridamole and prednisolone;

dexamethasone and econazole;

diflorasone and alprostadil;

dipyridamole and amoxapine;

dipyridamole and ibudilast;

nortriptyline and loratadine;

nortriptyline and desloratadine;

albendazole and pentamidine;

itraconazole and lovastatin;

terbinafine and manganese sulfate;

a triazole and an aminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a diaminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a quaternary ammonium compound;

an aromatic diamidine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an antiestrogen, an anti-fungal imidazole, disulfiram, and ribavirin;

an aminopyridine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, dacarbazine, or phenelzine;

a quaternary ammonium compound and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an anti-fungal imidazole, halopnogin, MnSO₄, and ZnCl₂;

an antiestrogen and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, cupric chloride, dacarbazine, methoxsalen, and phenelzine;

an antifungal imidazone and at least one compound selected from a group consisting of;

disulfiram and ribavirin;

an estrogenic compound and dacarbazine;

amphotericin B and dithiocarbamoyl disulfide;

terbinafine and a manganese compound;

a tricyclic antidepressant and a corticosteroid;

a tetra-substituted pyrimidopyrimidine and a corticosteroid;

a prostaglandin and a retinoid;

an azole and a steroid;

a steroid and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

a prostaglandin, a beta-adrenergic receptor ligand, an anti-mitotic agent, and a microtubule inhibitor;

a corticosteroid and either a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor or a naradrenaline reuptake inhibitor;

a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant and a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant enhancer;

an antihistamine and a compound selected from the group consisting of a corticosteroid, a tricyclic antidepressant, a tetracyclic antidepressant, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and a steroid receptor modulator;

a tricyclic compound and a corticosteroid;

an antipsychotic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

ciclopirox and an antiproliferative agent;

a salicylanilide and an antiproliferative agent;

pentamidine and chlorpromazine;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

dibucaine and a vinca alkaloid;

an amide local anaesthetic related to bupivacaine and a vinca alkaloid;

pentamidine and an antiproliferative agent;

a triazole and an antiarrhythmic agent;

an azole and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor;

a phenothiazine conjugate;

phenothiazine and an antiproliferative agent;

a kinesin inhibitor and an antiproliferative agent;

an agent that reduces the biological activity of a mitotic kinesin and an agent that reduces the biological activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase;

an anti-inflammatory agent and an agent selected from group consisting of an anti-depressant, an SSRI, a cardiovascular agent, an anti-fungal agent, and prostaglandin;

a cardiovascular drug and an antidepressant;

a cardiovascular drug and a phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor;

an antidepressant and an antihistamine;

an anti-fungal agent and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor; and

an antifungal agent and a metal ion; and

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination inhibits scarring between said pump and a host into which said pump is implanted.

7. A method for implanting a medical device comprising:

(a) infiltrating a tissue of a host where said medical device is to be implanted with an anti-scarring drug combination, and

(b) implanting said medical device into said host,

wherein said medical device is selected from the group consisting of a blood glucose monitor, a tissue glucose monitor, a pressure sensor, a stress sensor, a cardiac sensor, a respiratory sensor, an auditory sensor, an electrolyte sensor, a metabolite sensor, an implantable insulin pump, an intrathecal drug delivery pump, and an implantable drug delivery pump; and

wherein said anti-scarring drug combination is selected from;

amoxapine and prednisolone;

paroxetine and prednisolone;

dipyridamole and prednisolone;

dexamethasone and econazole;

diflorasone and alprostadil;

dipyridamole and amoxapine;

dipyridamole and ibudilast;

nortriptyline and loratadine;

nortriptyline and desloratadine;

albendazole and pentamidine;

itraconazole and lovastatin;

terbinafine and manganese sulfate;

a triazole and an aminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a diaminopyridine, an antiprotozoal and a quaternary ammonium compound;

an aromatic diamidine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an antiestrogen, an anti-fungal imidazole, disulfiram, and ribavirin;

an aminopyridine and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, dacarbazine, or phenelzine;

a quaternary ammonium compound and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

an anti-fungal imidazole, halopnogin, MnSO₄, and ZnCl₂;

an antiestrogen and at least one compound selected from the group consisting of;

phenothiazine, cupric chloride, dacarbazine, methoxsalen, and phenelzine;

an antifungal imidazone and at least one compound selected from a group consisting of;

disulfiram and ribavirin;

an estrogenic compound and dacarbazine;

amphotericin B and dithiocarbamoyl disulfide;

terbinafine and a manganese compound;

a tricyclic antidepressant and a corticosteroid;

a tetra-substituted pyrimidopyrimidine and a corticosteroid;

a prostaglandin and a retinoid;

an azole and a steroid;

a steroid and a compound selected from the group consisting of;

a prostaglandin, a beta-adrenergic receptor ligand, an anti-mitotic agent, and a microtubule inhibitor;

a corticosteroid and either a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor or a naradrenaline reuptake inhibitor;

a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant and a non-steroidal immunophilin-dependent immunosuppressant enhancer;

an antihistamine and a compound selected from the group consisting of a corticosteroid, a tricyclic antidepressant, a tetracyclic antidepressant, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, and a steroid receptor modulator;

a tricyclic compound and a corticosteroid;

an antipsychotic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

ciclopirox and an antiproliferative agent;

a salicylanilide and an antiproliferative agent;

pentamidine and chlorpromazine;

an antihelmintic drug and an antiprotozoal drug;

dibucaine and a vinca alkaloid;

an amide local anaesthetic related to bupivacaine and a vinca alkaloid;

pentamidine and an antiproliferative agent;

a triazole and an antiarrhythmic agent;

an azole and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor;

a phenothiazine conjugate;

phenothiazine and an antiproliferative agent;

a kinesin inhibitor and an antiproliferative agent;

an agent that reduces the biological activity of a mitotic kinesin and an agent that reduces the biological activity of protein tyrosine phosphatase;

an anti-inflammatory agent and an agent selected from group consisting of an anti-depressant, an SSRI, a cardiovascular agent, an anti-fungal agent, and prostaglandin;

a cardiovascular drug and an antidepressant;

a cardiovascular drug and a phosphodiesterase IV inhibitor;

an antidepressant and an antihistamine;

an anti-fungal agent and an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor; and

an antifungal agent and a metal ion.