Methods and apparatus for pulsed electric field neuromodulation via an intra-to-extravascular approach
First Claim
1. Apparatus for pulsed electric field neuromodulation via an intra-to-extravascular approach, the apparatus comprising:
- a pulsed electric field generator; and
at least one electrode electrically coupled to the pulsed electric field generator, the electrode configured for intravascular delivery and extravascular placement via an intra-to-extravascular approach, wherein the electrode is configured for extravascular delivery of a pulsed electric field to induce neuromodulation.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Methods and apparatus are provided for pulsed electric field neuromodulation via an intra-to-extravascular approach, e.g., to effectuate irreversible electroporation or electrofusion, necrosis and/or inducement of apoptosis, alteration of gene expression, changes in cytokine upregulation and other conditions in target neural fibers. In some embodiments, the ITEV PEF system comprises an intravascular catheter having one or more electrodes configured for intra-to-extravascular placement across a wall of patient'"'"'s vessel into proximity with target neural fibers. With the electrode(s) passing from an intravascular position to an extravascular position prior to delivery of the PEF, a magnitude of applied voltage or energy delivered via the electrode(s) and necessary to achieve desired neuromodulation may be reduced relative to an intravascular PEF system having one or more electrodes positioned solely intravascularly. The methods and apparatus of the present invention may, for example, be used to modulate one or more target neural fibers that contribute to renal function.
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Citations
49 Claims
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1. Apparatus for pulsed electric field neuromodulation via an intra-to-extravascular approach, the apparatus comprising:
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a pulsed electric field generator; and
at least one electrode electrically coupled to the pulsed electric field generator, the electrode configured for intravascular delivery and extravascular placement via an intra-to-extravascular approach, wherein the electrode is configured for extravascular delivery of a pulsed electric field to induce neuromodulation. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. A method for pulsed electric field neuromodulation via an intra-to-extravascular approach, the method comprising:
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intravascularly advancing at least one electrode to a treatment site within vasculature of a patient;
passing a portion of the electrode through at least a portion of a wall of the vasculature to position the electrode at an extravascular location via an intra-to-extravascular approach; and
extravascularly delivering a pulsed electric field via the electrode to induce neuromodulation. - View Dependent Claims (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. A method for pulsed electric field neuromodulation via an intra-to-extravascular approach, the method comprising:
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intravascularly advancing a catheter to a treatment site within vasculature of a patient;
positioning at least one electrode at an extravascular location via the catheter utilizing an intra-to-extravascular approach; and
extravascularly delivering a pulsed electric field via the electrode to induce neuromodulation. - View Dependent Claims (35)
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36. An apparatus for pulsed electric field neuromodulation, comprising:
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a pulsed field generator;
an elongated element configured to be moved within a vascular structure of a patient;
at least one electrode having an intravascular portion associated with the elongated element and an extravascular portion configured to be passed through a wall of the vascular structure, wherein the electrode is electrically coupled to the pulsed field generator; and
an actuator associated with the electrode, wherein the actuator is configured to move the electrode from a first position in which the extravascular portion of the electrode is within the vascular structure and a second position in which the extravascular portion of the electrode is located at an extravascular location for extravascular delivery of a pulsed electric field. - View Dependent Claims (37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48)
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49. An apparatus for pulsed electric field neuromodulation, comprising:
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a pulsed field generator;
a bipolar electrode pair having first and second electrodes, the bipolar electrode pair electrically coupled to the pulsed field generator; and
a catheter having an actuator, wherein the catheter is configured to position the bipolar electrode pair within a vascular structure of a patient, and wherein the actuator is configured to temporarily move non-insulated portions of the bipolar electrode pair from positions within the vascular structure to extravascular positions for extravascular delivery of a bipolar pulsed electric field.
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Specification