Closed-loop state-dependent seizure prevention systems
First Claim
1. A closed-loop state-dependent neuroprosthetic device for seizure prevention wherein control of electrical stimulation intervention is determined by the dynamical electrophysiological state of a neural structure being monitored, comprising:
- a detection system that detects and collects electrophysiological information detectable by electroencephalography (EEG) from a neural structure in a subject;
an analysis system that evaluates the detected and collected electrophysiological information and performs a real-time extraction of said information to obtain electrophysiological features associated with a pre-seizure state in the neural structure, and from the extracted features determines when electrical stimulus intervention is required; and
an electrical stimulation intervention system that provides electrical stimulation output signals having desired stimulation parameters to a neural structure being monitored and in which abnormal neuronal activity is detected;
wherein the analysis system further analyzes collected electrophysiological information following electrical stimulation intervention to assess the short-term effects of the stimulation intervention and to provide feedback to maintain or modify such stimulation intervention.
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Abstract
The invention provides novel closed-loop neuroprosthetic devices and systems for preventing seizures in which control of the delivery of therapeutic electrical stimulation to a neural structure being monitored is determined by the dynamical electrophysiological state of the neural structure. In certain embodiments, a controller which generates predetermined control input is activated based on an Automated Seizure Warning system. Other embodiments of the systems and methods encompass direct control systems wherein the controller design is based on chaos theory. Yet other versions embody model-based control systems in which controller design is based on a model that represents the relationship between the control input and the dynamical descriptor.
141 Citations
23 Claims
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1. A closed-loop state-dependent neuroprosthetic device for seizure prevention wherein control of electrical stimulation intervention is determined by the dynamical electrophysiological state of a neural structure being monitored, comprising:
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a detection system that detects and collects electrophysiological information detectable by electroencephalography (EEG) from a neural structure in a subject;
an analysis system that evaluates the detected and collected electrophysiological information and performs a real-time extraction of said information to obtain electrophysiological features associated with a pre-seizure state in the neural structure, and from the extracted features determines when electrical stimulus intervention is required; and
an electrical stimulation intervention system that provides electrical stimulation output signals having desired stimulation parameters to a neural structure being monitored and in which abnormal neuronal activity is detected;
wherein the analysis system further analyzes collected electrophysiological information following electrical stimulation intervention to assess the short-term effects of the stimulation intervention and to provide feedback to maintain or modify such stimulation intervention. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4)
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5. A method for preventing or delaying a seizure, comprising the steps of:
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monitoring electroencephalographic (EEG) recording signals in at least one neural structure in a subject fitted with a closed-loop state-dependent neuroprosthetic device for seizure prevention wherein control is determined by the dynamical electrophysiological state of a neural structure subject to seizure;
detecting and collecting electrophysiological information obtained from the neural structure;
analyzing the detected and collected electrophysiological information;
performing a real-time extraction of said information to obtain electrophysiological features associated with a pre-seizure state in a neural structure being monitored;
predicting from the real-time extraction of said features the onset of an epileptic state in said neural structure; and
providing electrical stimulation intervention output signals having desired stimulation parameters to at least a portion of a neural structure predicted to assume an epileptic state, sufficient to prevent or delay the occurrence of a seizure in the neural structure. - View Dependent Claims (6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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Specification