Energy efficient construction materials

• US 20070218251A1
• Filed: 11/17/2006
• Published: 09/20/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 11/30/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Peterson, Jeffrey, Jacobs, Jeffry, Haak, Christopher
• Granted Patent: US 9,498,931 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 428/143
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 11/02 with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 11/046 of synthetic resin
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 11/10 next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 11/12 next to a particulate layer
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/04 bonded with or embedded in a plastic substance
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2262/101 Glass fibres
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2264/02 Synthetic macromolecular particles
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2264/025 Acrylic resin particles, e.g. polymethyl methacrylate or ethylene-acrylate copolymers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2264/0285 PET or PBT
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2264/102 Oxide or hydroxide
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2264/12 Mixture of at least two particles made of different materials
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/412 Transparent
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2307/416 Reflective
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 2419/06 Roofs, roof membranes
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/06 as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material next to a layer of a particular substance B32B9/045; next to a bituminous or tarry layer B32B11/046; next to a water setting substance layer B32B13/12; next to a metal layer B32B15/08; next to a glass layer B32B17/10; next to a layer formed of natural mineral fibres or particles B32B19/045; next to a wood layer B32B21/08; next to a cellulosic plastic layer B32B23/08; next to a natural or synthetic rubber layer B32B25/08
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/08 of synthetic resin
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/14 next to a particulate layer
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/36 comprising polyesters
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/16 characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, powder or granules layer formed of natural mineral particles B32B19/00; layer being formed of wood fibres, chips or particles B32B21/02
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/22 characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed layer formed of natural mineral fibres or particles next to a foam layer B32B19/047, next to a layer made of particles B32B19/048, or next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B19/06; paper layer or cardboard layer next to a paper layer or cardboard layer B32B29/005, next to a foam layer B32B29/007, next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B29/02, or next to a particulate layer B32B29/04
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 7/12 : using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 5/004 : Reflecting paints; Signal paints
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/65 : macromolecular C09D7/41-C09D7/48 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 7/69 : Particle size larger than 1000 nm
• CPC Class Codes: E04D 1/20 : of plastics; of asphalt; of fibrous materials
• CPC Class Codes: E04D 1/22 : of specified materials not covered by any one of groups E04D1/14 - E04D1/205, or of combinations of materials, where at least one is not covered by any one of groups E04D1/14 - E04D1/205
• CPC Class Codes: E04D 2001/005 : the roofing elements having a granulated surface
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 30/254 : Roof garden systems; Roof coverings with high solar reflectance
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 80/00 : Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/24372 : Particulate matter

Abstract

A roofing shingle may include a substrate, granules and multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles. In some cases, a roofing shingle may include a substrate, granules and a multilayer infrared light reflecting film disposed either above or below the granules. Such roofing shingles may exhibit improved solar reflectivity. An infrared light reflecting mixture may include inorganic granules and polymeric multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles. An existing construction surface may be treated to improve its solar reflectivity.

Claims

1. An infrared light reflecting mixture, comprising:

about 99.95 to about 70 weight percent inorganic granules having a mean size ranging from about 0.1 millimeters to about 5 millimeters; and

about 0.05 to 30 weight percent polymeric multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles having a mean size ranging from about 50 micrometers to about 5 millimeters.

2. The infrared light reflecting mixture of claim 1, wherein the inorganic granules include infrared light reflecting inorganic granules.

3. The infrared light reflecting mixture of claim 2, wherein the infrared light reflecting inorganic granules comprise a metal oxide.

4. The infrared light reflecting mixture of claim 2, wherein the infrared light reflecting inorganic granules comprise an infrared light reflecting pigment.

5. The infrared light reflecting mixture of claim 2, wherein the infrared light reflecting inorganic granules comprise an infrared light reflecting coating.

6. The infrared light reflecting mixture of claim 1, wherein the inorganic granules have a mean size ranging from about 0.3 millimeters to about 1.8 millimeters.

7. The infrared light reflecting mixture of claim 1, wherein the polymeric multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles comprise polymeric multilayer optical film particles.

8. The infrared light reflecting mixture of claim 1, wherein the polymeric multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles are substantially transparent to selected visible light wavelengths.

9. The infrared light reflecting mixture of claim 1, wherein the polymeric multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles include alternating polymeric layer pairs where at least one alternating layer is birefringent and orientated.

10. The infrared light reflecting mixture of claim 1, wherein the polymeric multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles comprise alternating layers of a first polymer layer including polyethylene terephthalate and a second polymer layer including poly methyl methacrylate.

11. The infrared light reflecting mixture of claim 1, wherein the polymeric multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles have a mean size ranging from about 0.5 millimeters to about 2 millimeters.

12. The infrared light reflecting mixture of claim 1, wherein the polymeric multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles have a mean thickness ranging from about 0.02 millimeters to about 0.5 millimeters.

13. A roofing shingle comprising:

a substrate;

a plurality of granules secured to the substrate; and

a plurality of polymeric multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles secured relative to the substrate.

14. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity of at least about 25 percent.

15. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity of at least about 30 percent.

16. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity of at least about 35 percent.

17. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity of at least about 40 percent.

18. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity of at least about 45 percent.

19. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity that is at least 5 percentage points greater than a Solar Reflectivity of the substrate and plurality of granules alone.

20. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity that is at least 10 percentage points greater than a Solar Reflectivity of the substrate and plurality of granules alone.

21. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity that is at least 15 percentage points greater than a Solar Reflectivity of the substrate and plurality of granules alone.

22. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity that is at least 20 percentage points greater than a Solar Reflectivity of the substrate and plurality of granules alone.

23. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein at least some of the polymeric multilayer infrared reflecting film particles are secured within interstitial spaces present between at least some of the plurality of granules.

24. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein at least some of the plurality of granules comprise infrared light reflecting granules.

25. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the film particles have an average major dimension of less than about 2 millimeters.

26. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the film particles have an average major dimension of less than about 1 millimeter.

27. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the film particles have an average major dimension of less than about 0.5 millimeters.

28. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the substrate comprises an asphalt-impregnated felt.

29. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the substrate comprises an asphalt-impregnated fiberglass.

30. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the shingle including the multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles has an apparent color that is substantially similar to a color of the shingle without the multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles.

31. The roofing shingle of claim 14, wherein the shingle including the multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles has an L* value, a* value, and b* value that are each less than about 1 unit different from a shingle without the multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles.

32. The roofing shingle of claim 13, wherein the shingle including the multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles has an L* value, a* value, and b* value that are each less than about 0.5 units different from a shingle without the multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles.

33. A roofing shingle comprising:

a substrate;

a plurality of granules secured relative to the substrate; and

a multilayer infrared light reflecting film secured relative to the substrate.

34. The roofing shingle of claim 33, wherein the multilayer infrared light reflecting film comprises a perforated film.

35. The roofing shingle of claim 33, wherein the multilayer infrared light reflecting film is secured over the plurality of granules.

36. The roofing shingle of claim 33, wherein the multilayer infrared light reflecting film is secured under the plurality of granules.

37. The roofing shingle of claim 36, further comprising a transparent polymer layer disposed over the multilayer infrared light reflecting film, the plurality of granules secured to the transparent polymer layer.

38. The roofing shingle of claim 33, wherein at least some of the plurality of granules comprise infrared light reflecting granules.

39. The roofing shingle of claim 33, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity of at least about 30 percent.

40. The roofing shingle of claim 33, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity of at least about 35 percent.

41. The roofing shingle of claim 33, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity of at least about 40 percent.

42. The roofing shingle of claim 33, wherein the roofing shingle has a Total Solar Reflectivity of at least about 45 percent.

43. A method comprising steps of:

applying to a construction surface a solution comprising;

a plurality of multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles;

adhesive; and

a carrier; and

removing the carrier to form an infrared light reflecting treated construction surface.

44. The method of claim 43, further comprising a step of measuring a solar reflectance value of the construction surface before the applying step.

45. The method of claim 44, further comprising a step of measuring the solar reflectance value of the construction surface of the treated construction surface.

46. The method of claim 43, wherein applying a solution comprises spraying the solution onto a construction surface.

47. The method of claim 43, wherein applying a solution comprises brushing the solution onto a construction surface.

48. The method of claim 45, wherein the solar reflectance value of the treated construction surface is greater than the solar reflectance value of the construction surface.

49. The method of claim 43, wherein the applying step comprises applying the solution to a roof.

50. The method of claim 43, wherein the applying step comprises applying to a construction surface an aqueous solution comprising multilayer infrared light reflecting film particles, an adhesive and water.