Blood Analyte Determinations
First Claim
1. An apparatus for measuring an analyte in blood taken from a patient, comprising:
- a. An analyte measurement system;
b. A fluidics system, adapted to remove blood from a body, transport a portion of the removed blood to the analyte measurement system for measurement, infuse a portion of the blood measured by the analyte measurement system back into the patient, flow a maintenance substance to the analyte measurement system without infusing a substantial amount of the maintenance substance into the patient, and flow at least a portion of the maintenance substance from the analyte measurement system to a waste channel.
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Abstract
The present invention comprises methods and apparatuses that can provide measurement of glucose and other analytes with a variety of sensors without many of the performance-degrading problems of conventional approaches. As apparatus according to the present invention comprises a blood access system, adapted to remove blood from a body and infuse at least a portion of the removed blood back into the body. Such an apparatus also comprises an analyte sensor, mounted with the blood access system such that the analyte sensor measures the analyte in the blood that has been removed from the body by the blood access system. A method according to the present invention comprises removing blood from a body, using an analyte sensor to measure an analyte in the removed blood, and infusing at least a portion of the removed blood back into the body. The use of a non-contact sensor with a closed system creates a system will minimal infection risk.
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Citations
41 Claims
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1. An apparatus for measuring an analyte in blood taken from a patient, comprising:
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a. An analyte measurement system; b. A fluidics system, adapted to remove blood from a body, transport a portion of the removed blood to the analyte measurement system for measurement, infuse a portion of the blood measured by the analyte measurement system back into the patient, flow a maintenance substance to the analyte measurement system without infusing a substantial amount of the maintenance substance into the patient, and flow at least a portion of the maintenance substance from the analyte measurement system to a waste channel. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
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6. An apparatus for measuring an analyte in blood, comprising:
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a. A blood removal element, adapted to communicate blood with the circulatory system of a patient; b. A first fluid transport apparatus, in fluid communication with the blood removal element; c. A second fluid transport apparatus, in fluid communication with the blood removal element and the first fluid transport apparatus; d. An analyte sensor, in fluid communication with the first fluid transport apparatus; e. A fluid management system, in fluid communication with the first and second fluid transport apparatuses and adapted to control fluid flow in the first and second fluid transport apparatuses. - View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 26, 27, 28)
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13. An apparatus for measuring an analyte in blood, comprising:
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a. a blood removal element, adapted to communicate blood with the circulatory system of a patient; b. a first fluid transport apparatus, in fluid communication with the brood removal element; c. a second fluid transport apparatus, in fluid communication with the blood removal element and the first fluid transport apparatus; d. an analyte sensor, in bidirectional fluid communication with at least one of the first fluid transport apparatus and second fluid transport apparatus; e. a first fluid pump, mounted with the first fluid transport apparatus such that the first fluid pump can draw fluid into and push fluid out of the first fluid transport apparatus; f. a second fluid pump, in fluid communication with the second fluid transport apparatus; g. a maintenance fluid reservoir, in fluid communication with the first fluid pump and adapted to supply a maintenance fluid to the first fluid pump; h. a waste system, in fluid communication with the second fluid pump. - View Dependent Claims (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. An method for measuring an analyte in blood taken from a patient, comprising:
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a. removing a sample of blood from the patient; b. transporting the sample of blood in a sterile manner to an analyte measurement system; c. measuring the analyte parameter in the transported sample using the analyte measurement system; d. transporting at least a portion of the measured blood to the patient in a sterile manner and infusing the portion into the patient; e. transporting a maintenance substance to the analyte measurement system without infusing a substantial amount of the maintenance substance into the patient; f. transporting at least a portion of the maintenance substance from the analyte measurement system to a waste channel.
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35. A blood access system comprising:
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a. A junction in fluid communication with a catheter; b. An analyte sensor having a first side in fluid communication with a first side of the junction; c. A first pinch valve having a first side in fluid communication with a second side of the first pinch valve; d. A second pinch valve having a first side in fluid communication with a second side of the first pinch valve; e. A waste channel in fluid communication with a second side of the second pinch valve; f. A first pump in fluid communication with the second side of the first pinch valve; g. A third pinch valve having a first side in fluid communication with the second side of the first pinch valve; h. a maintenance fluid container connection in fluid communication with a second side of the third pinch valve; and i. a second pump having a first side in fluid communication with the first side of the first pinch valve and having a second side in fluid communication with a second side of the junction.
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36. A blood access system comprising:
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a. A junction in fluid communication with a catheter; b. An analyte sensor having a first side in fluid communication with a first side of the junction; c. A first pinch valve having a first side in fluid communication with a second side of the analyte sensor; d. A second pinch valve having a first side in fluid communication with a second side of the first pinch valve; e. A waste channel in fluid communication with a second side of the second pinch valve; f. A first pump having a first side in fluid communication with the second side of the first pinch valve; g. A tubing reservoir in fluid communication with e second side of the first pump; h. A third pinch valve having a first side in fluid communication with the second side of the first pinch valve; i. A maintenance fluid container connection in fluid communication with a second side of the third pinch valve; j. A second pump having a first side in fluid communication with the first side of the first pinch valve and having a second side in fluid communication with a second side of the junction.
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37. A blood access system comprising:
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a. A junction in fluid communication with a catheter; b. An analyte sensor having a first side in fluid communication with a first side of the junction; c. An air detector mounted intermediate the first side of the junction in fluid communication with the first side of the analyte sensor; d. A pressure measurement device in fluid communication with a second side of the analyte sensor; e. A firs pump having a first side in fluid communication with a second side of the analyte sensor; f. A maintenance fluid container connection in fluid communication with e second side of the first pump; g. A second pump having a first side in fluid communication with a second side of the junction; h. A blood leak detector mounted intermediate the first side of the second pump in fluid communication with the second side of the junction; and i. A waste channel in fluid communication with a second side of the second pump. - View Dependent Claims (38, 39)
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40. A blood access system comprising:
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a. A junction in fluid communication with a catheter; b. An analyte sensor having a first side in fluid communication with a first side of the junction; c. An air detector mounted intermediate the first side of the junction in fluid communication with the first side of the analyte sensor; d. A pressure measurement device in fluid communication with a second side of the analyte sensor; e. a first pinch valve having a first side in fluid communication with a second side of the analyte sensor; f. a second pinch valve having a first side in fluid communication with e second side of the first pinch valve; g. a maintenance fluid container connection in fluid communication with a second side of the first pinch valve; h. a first pump in fluid communication with the second side of the first pinch valve; i. a third pinch valve having a first side in fluid communication with the second side of the first pinch valve; j. a waste channel having a first side in fluid communication with a second side of the third pinch valve; k. a second pump having a first side in fluid communication with a second side of the waster channel and having a second side in fluid communication with a second side of the junction; and l. a blood leak detector mounted intermediate the second side of the second pump in fluid communication with the second side of the junction.
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41. A blood access system, comprising:
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a. A junction in fluid communication with a catheter; b. An analyte sensor having a first side in fluid communication with a first side of the junction; c. An air detector mounted intermediate the first side of the junction in fluid communication with the first side of the analyte sensor; d. A pressure measurement device in fluid communication with a second side of the analyte sensor; e. A first pump having a first side in fluid communication with the second side of the analyte sensor; f. A passive reservoir having a first side in fluid communication with a second side of the first pump; g. A first pinch valve having a first side in fluid communication with a second side of the passive reservoir; h. A maintenance fluid container connection in fluid communication with a second side of the first pinch valve i. A second pinch valve having a first side in fluid communication with the second side of the passive fluid reservoir; j. A second pump having a first side in fluid communication with a second side of the second pinch valve; k. A waste channel in fluid communication with a second side of the second pump; l. A blood teak detector mounted intermediate the second side of the second pump in fluid communication with the waste channel; and m. A third pinch valve having a first side in fluid communication with the second side of the second pinch valve and having a second side in fluid communication with a second side of the junction;
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Specification