Devices with surface bound ionic liquids and method of use thereof
First Claim
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1. A device which comprises:
- (a) a substrate with an exposed surface; and
(b) an ionic liquid film which is bound to the exposed surface so as to enable the ionic liquid to solvate an organic chemical which would be solvated by an unbound film of the ionic liquid.
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Abstract
An ionic liquid bound on an exposed surface of a device such as for detecting organic chemicals, preferably a gas sensor is described. The gas sensor can operate at high temperatures with a fast linear response which is also reversible. At high temperatures, the frequency change (Δf) versus concentration (C) curve mirrors the Henry'"'"'s gas law, such that the concentration of a gas sample in liquid solvent is proportional to the concentration or partial pressure of the sample in gas phase. A single gas sensor, or an array of sensors, can be used for the detection and quantitative analysis of gas vapors.
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Citations
31 Claims
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1. A device which comprises:
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(a) a substrate with an exposed surface; and (b) an ionic liquid film which is bound to the exposed surface so as to enable the ionic liquid to solvate an organic chemical which would be solvated by an unbound film of the ionic liquid. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11)
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12. A method of solvating an organic sample comprising:
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(a) providing a device which comprises a substrate with an exposed surface; and
an ionic liquid film which is bound to the exposed surface so as to enable the ionic liquid to solvate an organic chemical which would be solvated by an unbound film of the ionic liquid; and(b) providing the organic chemical on the exposed surface of the ionic liquid film so that the film solvates the organic chemical. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15)
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16. A gas sensor for determining the concentration of an organic vapor in a gaseous sample comprising:
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(a) a quartz crystal microbalance having a transducer surface; and (b) an ionic liquid film bound to the transducer surface of the quartz crystal microbalance, wherein when the organic vapor is present in the gaseous sample it is absorbed in the ionic liquid film on the transducer surface and changes a resonant frequency of the quartz crystal microbalance. - View Dependent Claims (17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24)
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25. A method of determining the concentration of an organic vapor in a gaseous sample comprising:
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(a) providing a gas sensor for detecting the concentration of an organic vapor in a gaseous sample comprising a quartz crystal microbalance having a transducer surface; and
an ionic liquid film bound on the transducer surface of the quartz crystal microbaiance, wherein when the organic vapor is present in the gaseous sample it is absorbed in the ionic liquid film on the transducer surface and changes a resonant frequency of the quartz crystal microbalance;(b) providing a reference gas to the transducer surface of the gas sensor; (c) measuring a first reference frequency of the gas sensor; (d) providing the gaseous sample to the transducer surface of the gas sensor; (e) measuring a second resonant frequency of the gas sensor; (f) subtracting the first resonant frequency from the second resonant frequency to provide a frequency change; and (g) determining the concentration of the organic vapor in the gaseous sample by the frequency change. - View Dependent Claims (26, 27)
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28. A method of determining the concentration of an organic vapor in a gaseous sample comprising:
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(a) providing a first gas sensor and a second gas sensor, the first and second gas sensors for detecting the concentration of an organic vapor in a gaseous sample, the sensors comprising a quartz crystal microbalance having a transducer surface, and an ionic liquid film bound on the transducer surface of the quartz crystal microbalance, wherein when the organic vapor is present in the gaseous sample it is absorbed in the ionic liquid film on the transducer surface and changes a resonant frequency of the quartz crystal microbalance; (b) providing a reference gas to the first gas sensor; (c) providing the gaseous sample to the second gas sensor; (d) measuring a resonant frequency of the first sensor; (e) measuring a resonant frequency of the second sensor; (f) subtracting the resonant frequency of the first sensor from the resonant frequency of the second sensor to provide a frequency difference; and (g) determining the concentration of the organic vapor in the gaseous sample by the frequency difference. - View Dependent Claims (29, 30)
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31. A method of detecting an unknown organic vapor in a gaseous sample comprising:
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(a) providing an array of gas sensors for detecting an organic vapor in a gaseous sample, each of the sensors comprising a quartz crystal microbalance having a transducer surface, and an ionic liquid film bound on the transducer surface, wherein when the organic vapor is present in the gaseous sample it is absorbed in the ionic liquid film on the transducer surface and changes a resonant frequency of the quartz crystal microbalance; (b) providing a reference gas to the array; (c) measuring a reference frequency of each of the sensors in the array; (d) providing the gaseous sample to the array; (e) measuring a resonant frequency of each of the sensors of the array; (f) subtracting the resonant frequency of each of the sensors from the resonant frequency of each of the sensors to provide a frequency difference for each of the sensors of the array; and (g) detecting the organic vapor in the gaseous sample by the frequency difference for each of the sensors in the array.
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Specification