Method and arrangement for optimizing efficiency of a power amplifier

• US 20070258602A1
• Filed: 05/05/2006
• Published: 11/08/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 05/05/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Nokia Technologies Oy (Nokia Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Nokia Corporation
• Inventors: Matero, Jorma, Vepsalainen, Jussi
• Granted Patent: US 7,519,336 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 381/104
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0222 by using a signal derived from the input signal
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 1/0227 using supply converters
• CPC Class Codes: H03F 2200/102 A non-specified detector of a signal envelope being used in an amplifying circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H03G 3/004 Control by varying the supply voltage

Abstract

The invention relates to optimizing efficiency of a power amplifier of a transmitter. In a solution according to the invention a detected envelope (306) of an input signal of the power amplifier is filtered with a non-linear filter (307) that substantially preserves a rise time of a peak in a waveform of the envelope but lengthens a temporal duration of the peak. A filtered envelope is used as an input quantity (308) for a control system that controls a supply voltage of the power amplifier. For the control system it is easier to react to peaks of the filtered envelope than to the peaks of the envelope because the temporal duration of the peaks of the filtered envelope is longer than that of the peaks of the envelope.

Claims

1. An envelope tracking power amplifier having an amplifier stage, comprising:

an envelope detector disposed to produce an envelope signal, said envelope signal representing an envelope of an input signal of the envelope tracking power amplifier,

a non-linear filter disposed to filter the envelope signal so that a rise time of a peak in a waveform of the envelope signal is substantially preserved and a temporal duration of said peak is lengthened, said filter producing a filtered envelope signal, and

a controllable supply unit disposed to determine a value of a supply voltage at least partly according to said filtered envelope signal and to produce the supply voltage for energizing the amplifier stage.

2. An envelope tracking power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein said non-linear filter is disposed to have a first transfer function when the envelope signal is greater than the filtered envelope signal and a second transfer function when the envelope signal is smaller than the filtered envelope signal.

3. An envelope tracking power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein said non-linear filter comprises a delay element disposed to form a delayed envelope signal and a maximum selection unit disposed to form the filtered envelope signal as a maximum of the delayed envelope signal and the envelope signal.

4. An envelope tracking power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the controllable supply unit comprises a switched mode power supply (SMPS) disposed to produce the supply voltage for energizing the amplifier stage.

5. An envelope tracking power amplifier according to claim 1, comprising a maximum selector unit disposed to force the envelope signal to be at least a predetermined minimum value and a minimum selector unit disposed to force the filtered envelope signal to be at most a predetermined maximum value.

6. A mobile communication device comprising:

an envelope tracking power amplifier having an amplifier stage,

an envelope detector disposed to produce an envelope signal, said envelope signal representing an envelope of an input signal of the envelope tracking power amplifier,

a non-linear filter disposed to filter the envelope signal so that a rise time of a peak in a waveform of the envelope signal is substantially preserved and a temporal duration of said peak is lengthened, said filter producing a filtered envelope signal, and

a controllable supply unit disposed to determine a value of a supply voltage at least partly according to said filtered envelope signal and to produce the supply voltage for energizing the amplifier stage.

7. A mobile communication device according to claim 6, wherein said non-linear filter is disposed to have a first transfer function when the envelope signal is greater than the filtered envelope signal and a second transfer function when the envelope signal is smaller than the filtered envelope signal.

8. A mobile communication device according to claim 6, wherein said non-linear filter comprises a delay element disposed to form a delayed envelope signal and a maximum selection unit disposed to form the filtered envelope signal as a maximum of the delayed envelope signal and the envelope signal.

9. A mobile communication device according to claim 6, comprising a controllable gain unit disposed to at least partly compensate a change in a gain of the envelope tracking power amplifier, the change in the gain being caused by a change in an operating point of an output stage transistor of said envelope tracking power amplifier.

10. A mobile communication device according to claim 6, wherein the mobile communication device is a mobile phone.

11. A mobile communication device according to claim 6, wherein the envelope detector is disposed to detect the envelope signal from a base band signal that is present in a base band stage of a transmitter of the mobile communication device.

12. A method for optimizing efficiency of an envelope tracking power amplifier having an amplifier stage, the method comprising:

detecting an envelope signal that represents an envelope of an input signal of the envelope tracking power amplifier,

producing a filtered envelope signal by filtering the envelope signal with a non-linear filter that substantially preserves a rise time of a peak in a waveform of the envelope signal and lengthens a temporal duration of said peak,

determining a supply voltage value at least partly according to said filtered envelope signal, and

setting a supply voltage of the amplifier stage to be the supply voltage value.

13. A method according to claim 12, wherein said detecting the envelope signal comprises forcing the envelope signal to be at least a predetermined minimum value and said producing the filtered envelope signal comprises forcing the filtered envelope signal to be at most a predetermined maximum value.

14. A method according to claim 12, wherein said producing the filtered envelope signal is performed by using a first transfer function when the envelope signal is greater than the filtered envelope signal and a second transfer function when the envelope signal is smaller than the filtered envelope signal.

15. A method according to claim 12, wherein said producing the filtered envelope signal is performed by using a delay element that forms a delayed envelope signal and a maximum selection unit that forms the filtered envelope signal as a maximum of the delayed envelope signal and the envelope signal.

16. A transmitter comprising:

a base band stage disposed to produce a base band signal and an up-modulator disposed to up-modulate the base band signal,

a power amplifier having an amplifier stage, an input signal of the amplifier stage being substantially an output signal of the up-modulator,

an envelope detector disposed to detect from the base band signal an envelope signal that represents an envelope of the input signal of the amplifier stage,

a non-linear filter disposed to filter the envelope signal so that a rise time of a peak in a waveform of the envelope signal is substantially preserved and a temporal duration of said peak is lengthened, said filter producing a filtered envelope signal, and

a controllable supply unit disposed to determine a value of a supply voltage at least partly according to said filtered envelope signal and to produce the supply voltage for energizing the amplifier stage.

17. A transmitter according to claim 16, wherein said up-modulator is a quadrature amplitude modulator (QAM) and said envelope detector is a signal processing entity disposed to form a value of said envelop signal according to an in-phase component of the base band signal and a quadrature component of the base band signal.

18. A transmitter according to claim 17, wherein said envelope detector is disposed to form said value of said envelope signal as √

{square root over (I²+Q²)}, where I is the in-phase component of the base band signal and Q is the quadrature component of the base band signal.

19. A transmitter according to claim 16, wherein said up-modulator is a polar modulator and a Cartersian-to-polar converter is disposed to act as said envelope detector.

20. A transmitter according to claim 16, wherein said non-linear filter is disposed to have a first transfer function when the envelope signal is greater than the filtered envelope signal and a second transfer function when the envelope signal is smaller than the filtered envelope signal.

21. A transmitter according to claim 16, wherein said non-linear filter comprises a delay element disposed to form a delayed envelope signal and a maximum selection unit disposed to form the filtered envelope signal as a maximum of the delayed envelope signal and the envelope signal.

22. A transmitter according to claim 16, comprising a maximum selector unit disposed to force the envelope signal to be at least a predetermined minimum value and a minimum selector unit disposed to force the filtered envelope signal to be at most a predetermined maximum value.