SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ANALYTE MEASUREMENT USING A NONLINEAR SAMPLE RESPONSE
First Claim
1. A method for determining a concentration of a medically significant component of a biological fluid in contact with a reagent compound, comprising the steps of:
- a) applying a first signal having an AC component to the biological fluid, wherein the AC component has a magnitude sufficient to generate a faradaic current response from the biological fluid;
b) measuring the current response to the AC component;
c) determining a fundamental component of the current response, said fundamental component comprising a frequency at least substantially the same as the frequency of the AC component of the first signal; and
d) determining from the fundamental component an indication of the concentration of the medically significant component.
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Accused Products
Abstract
The systems and methods of the present invention utilize a linear component of a non-linear, faradaic current response generated by a biological fluid sample when an AC excitation potential sufficient to produce such a faradaic current response is applied to the sample, in order to calculate the concentration of a medically significant component in the biological fluid sample. The current response is created by the excitation of electrochemical processes within the sample by the applied potential. Typically, the linear component of the current response to an applied AC potential contains phase angle and/or admittance information that may be correlated to the concentration of the medically significant component. Also typically, the fundamental linear component of the current response is utilized in the disclosed systems and methods. Harmonics of the fundamental linear component may also be used. Other methods and devices are disclosed.
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Citations
114 Claims
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1. A method for determining a concentration of a medically significant component of a biological fluid in contact with a reagent compound, comprising the steps of:
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a) applying a first signal having an AC component to the biological fluid, wherein the AC component has a magnitude sufficient to generate a faradaic current response from the biological fluid;
b) measuring the current response to the AC component;
c) determining a fundamental component of the current response, said fundamental component comprising a frequency at least substantially the same as the frequency of the AC component of the first signal; and
d) determining from the fundamental component an indication of the concentration of the medically significant component. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 111)
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31. A method for determining a concentration of a medically significant component of a biological fluid in contact with a reagent compound, comprising the steps of:
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a) applying a first AC signal to the biological fluid, wherein the first AC signal has a magnitude sufficient to generate a faradaic current response from the biological fluid;
b) measuring the current response to the first AC signal;
c) determining a fundamental component of the current response, said fundamental component comprising a frequency at least substantially the same as the frequency of the first signal; and
d) determining from the fundamental component an indication of the concentration of the medically significant component. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 112)
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59. A method for determining a glucose concentration of a blood sample in contact with a reagent compound, comprising the steps of:
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a) applying a first signal having an AC component to the blood sample, wherein the AC component has a magnitude sufficient to generate a faradaic current response from the blood sample;
b) measuring the current response to the AC component;
c) determining a fundamental component of the response, said fundamental component comprising a frequency at least substantially the same as the frequency of the AC component of the first signal; and
d) determining from the fundamental component an indication of the glucose concentration. - View Dependent Claims (60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 113)
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87. A system for determining a concentration of a medically significant component of a biological fluid, the system comprising:
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a biosensor comprising at least two electrically isolated electrodes and a reagent compound proximal to or in contact with at least one of the electrodes;
a measurement device in electrical communication with the electrodes of the biosensor, the device being configured and arranged to conduct a measurement sequence and data evaluation when the biological fluid is brought into contact with the at least two electrodes and the reagent compound to bring the electrodes into electrical communication with each other, the fluid and the reagent compound;
said measurement sequence comprising;
application of a first signal having an AC component to the biological fluid using the at least two electrodes, wherein the AC component has a magnitude sufficient to generate a faradaic current response from the biological fluid;
measurement of the current response to the AC component;
determination of a fundamental component of the current response, said fundamental component comprising a frequency at least substantially the same as the frequency of the AC component of the first signal; and
determination from the fundamental component of an indication of the concentration of the medically significant component. - View Dependent Claims (88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 114)
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Specification