STORAGE BATTERY SYSTEM, ON-VEHICLE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM, VEHICLE AND METHOD FOR CHARGING STORAGE BATTERY SYSTEM

• US 20070284159A1
• Filed: 03/20/2007
• Published: 12/13/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 06/13/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba (Toshiba Corporation)
• Inventors: Takami, Norio, Inagaki, Hiroki, Tatebayashi, Yoshinao
• Granted Patent: US 8,047,316 B2
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 180/65.100
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 6/46 Series type
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2200/26 Rail vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/16 with provision for separate direct mechanical propulsion
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/61 by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/64 Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/11 DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/20 having different nominal voltages
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/24 for controlling the temperature of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/08 including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 10/26 for electrical energy, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 20/00 Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles hybrid vehicle design, B60K6/00; electric vehicles B60L
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/244 Charge state
• CPC Class Codes: B60W 2510/246 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/441 for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/46 Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 16/00 Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2004/021 Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/485 of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/587 for inserting or intercalating light metals
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/204 : Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/1423 : with multiple batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/62 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

A storage battery system includes a battery module A with a first nonaqueous electrolyte battery including a negative-electrode material which has an average grain size of 2 μm or more and is used to occlude and discharge lithium ions, a battery module B with a second nonaqueous electrolyte battery set at a lithium-ion-occluding potential of 0.4V (vs.Li/Li) or more, and including a negative-electrode material which has an average grain size of primary particles of 1 μm or less and is used to occlude lithium ions, and a controller configured to intermittently connect the module A to the module B to intermittently supply power from the module A to the module B to set a charge state and a discharge depth of the second nonaqueous electrolyte battery within a range of 10 to 90%, when no power is supplied to the module B at least from an outside.

Claims

1. A storage battery system comprising:

a battery module A with a first nonaqueous electrolyte battery including a negative-electrode material which has an average grain size of 2 μ

m or more and is used to occlude and discharge lithium ions;

a battery module B with a second nonaqueous electrolyte battery set at a lithium-ion-occluding potential of 0.4V (vs.Li/Li) or more, and including a negative-electrode material which has an average grain size of primary particles of 1 μ

m or less and is used to occlude lithium ions; and

a controller configured to intermittently connect the battery module A to the battery module B to intermittently supply power from the battery module A to the battery module B, to set state of charge and depth of discharge of the second nonaqueous electrolyte battery within a range of 10 to 90%, when no power is supplied to the battery module B at least from an outside.

2. The storage battery system according to claim 1, wherein the controller connects the battery module A to the battery module B a preset number of times per 30 days to supply, the preset number falling within a range of 1 to 60 times, using a constant-voltage control scheme, power from the battery module A to the battery module B to set the charge state of the second nonaqueous electrolyte battery within the range of 10 to 90%.

3. The storage battery system according to claim 1, wherein the controller causes power to be supplied from the battery module B to the battery module A, using a constant-current control scheme and a constant-voltage control scheme, when the charge state of the second nonaqueous electrolyte battery falls within a range of 50 to 100%.

4. The storage battery system according to claim 1, wherein the controller causes power to be supplied from the battery module A to the battery module B, using a constant-voltage control scheme, when the charge state of the second nonaqueous electrolyte battery drops to 40% or less.

5. The storage battery system according to claim 1, further comprising an external power source connected to the battery module B to supply power thereto, wherein the battery module A is provided with the power supply from the external power source via the battery module B.

6. The storage battery system according to claim 1, wherein the negative-electrode material of the second nonaqueous electrolyte battery includes a metal oxide containing titanium.

7. The storage battery system according to claim 6, wherein the metal oxide contains a spinel-type lithium titanium oxide.

8. The storage battery system according to claim 1, wherein the negative-electrode material of the first nonaqueous electrolyte battery contains a carbon material, a lithium alloy and a metal compound.

9. The storage battery system according to claim 8, wherein the carbon material contains graphite powder acquired using natural graphite as a row material.

10. An on-vehicle power supply system comprising:

a storage battery system; and

a controller,

the storage battery system including;

a battery module A with a first nonaqueous electrolyte battery including a negative-electrode material which has an average grain size of 2 μ

m or more and is used to occlude and discharge lithium ions; and

a battery module B with a second nonaqueous electrolyte battery set at a lithium-ion-occluding potential of 0.4V (vs.Li/Li) or more, and including a negative-electrode material which has an average grain size of primary particles of 1 μ

m or less and is used to occlude lithium ions,

wherein the controller intermittently connects the battery module A to the battery module B to intermittently supply power from the battery module A to the battery module B to set a charge state and a discharge depth of the second nonaqueous electrolyte battery within a range of 10 to 90%, when no power is supplied to the storage battery system.

12. The on-vehicle power supply system according to claim 10, wherein the controller causes power to be supplied from the battery module A to the battery module B, using a constant-voltage control scheme, when the charge state of the second nonaqueous electrolyte battery drops to 40% or less.

13. The on-vehicle power supply system according to claim 10, further comprising a motor or dynamo, and an inverter interposed between the motor or dynamo and the battery module B, the motor or dynamo connected to the battery module B to supply power thereto via the inverter, and then to the battery module A from the battery module B.

14. The on-vehicle power supply system according to claim 10, further comprising a plug connectable to an external power-supply socket, and a built-in charger interposed between the plug and the battery module B, the plug being connected to the power-supply socket to supply external power to the battery module B via the built-in charger, and then to the battery module A from the battery module B.

15. A vehicle provided with the on-vehicle power supply system according to claim 10.

11. An on-vehicle power supply system comprising:

a storage battery system; and

a controller,

the storage battery system including;

a battery module A with a first nonaqueous electrolyte battery including a negative-electrode material which has an average grain size of 2 μ

m or more and is used to occlude and discharge lithium ions; and

a battery module B with a second nonaqueous electrolyte battery set at a lithium-ion-occluding potential of 0.4V (vs.Li/Li) or more, and including a negative-electrode material which has an average grain size of primary particles of 1 μ

m or less and is used to occlude lithium ions,

wherein when power is supplied to the storage battery system from a motor or dynamo installed in a vehicle, the controller intermittently causes the power from the motor or dynamo to be supplied to the battery module B, and causes the battery module A to supply power to the motor or dynamo, the power from the battery module A being lower than the power supplied to the battery module B.

16. A vehicle provided with the on-vehicle power supply system according to claim 11.

17. A method of charging a storage battery system,

the storage battery system including:

a battery module A with a first nonaqueous electrolyte battery including a negative-electrode material which has an average grain size of 2 μ

m or more and is used to occlude and discharge lithium ions; and

a battery module B with a second nonaqueous electrolyte battery set at a lithium-ion-occluding potential of 0.4V (vs.Li/Li) or more, and including a negative-electrode material which has an average grain size of primary particles of 1 μ

m or less and is used to occlude lithium ions,

the method comprising;

intermittently connecting the battery module A to the battery module B to intermittently supply power from the battery module A to the battery module B to set a charge state and a discharge depth of the second nonaqueous electrolyte battery within a range of 10 to 90%, when no power is supplied to the battery module B at least from an outside.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the battery module A is connected to the battery module B a preset number of times per 30 days to supply, said preset number falling within a range of 1 to 60 times, using a constant-voltage control scheme, power from the battery module A to the battery module B to set the charge state of the second nonaqueous electrolyte battery within the range of 10 to 90%.

19. The method according to claim 17, wherein when the charge state of the second nonaqueous electrolyte battery falls within a range of 50 to 100%, power is supplied from the battery module B to the battery module A, using a constant-current control scheme and a constant-voltage control scheme.

20. The method according to claim 17, wherein the controller causes power to be supplied from the battery module A to the battery module B, using a constant-voltage control scheme, when the charge state of the second nonaqueous electrolyte battery drops to 40% or less.

21. The method according to claim 17, further comprising an external power source connected to the battery module B to supply power thereto, wherein the battery module A is provided with the power supply from the external power source via the battery module B.