Electrical Charge Storage Device Having Enhanced Power Characteristics

• US 20070285875A1
• Filed: 08/03/2007
• Published: 12/13/2007
• Est. Priority Date: 03/05/2003
• Status: Abandoned Application

• Current Assignee: William Duff
• Original Assignee: William Duff
• Inventors: Duff, William
• Application Number:
  US11/833,734
• Publication Number:
  US 20070285875A1
• Time in Patent Office: Days
• US Class Current: 361/502
• CPC Class Codes: G03G 5/0202 Dielectric layers for electrography
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2007/25706 containing transition metal elements (Zn, Fe, Co, Ni, Pt)
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2007/25708 containing group 13 elements (B, Al, Ga)
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 2007/25715 containing oxygen
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/249 containing organometallic compounds G11B7/246 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/2532 comprising metals
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/2572 consisting essentially of organic materials
• CPC Class Codes: G11B 7/2578 consisting essentially of inorganic materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 4/005 Electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 4/01 Form of self-supporting electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 4/012 Form of non-self-supporting electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 9/04 Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 9/048 characterised by their structure H01G11/22 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 27/0805 Capacitors only
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/66 Selection of materials
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/667 in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/78 Shapes other than plane or cylindrical, e.g. helical
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0245 in the form of layered or coated products
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 8/0247 characterised by the form characterised by a channel configuration H01M8/0258
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/50 : Fuel cells
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 428/249986 : Void-containing component contains also a solid fiber or solid particle

Abstract

The present invention relates generally to an electrical charge storage device (ECSD) with enhanced power characteristics. More particularly, the present invention relates to enhancing the current density, voltage rating, power transfer characteristics, frequency response and charge storage density of various devices, such as capacitors, batteries, fuel cells and other electrical charge storage devices. For example, one aspect of the present invention is solid state and electrolytic capacitors where the conductor surface area is increased with smooth structures, thereby reducing the distance separating the conductors, and improving the effective dielectric characteristics by employing construction techniques on atomic, molecular, and macroscopic levels.

Claims

1-34. -34. (canceled)

35. An electrical charge storage device, comprising:

at least one first conductive layer having a shaped topographical surface;

at least one second conductive layer having a conductive shaped topographical surface positioned substantially parallel to the shaped topographical surface of the first conductive layer; and

at least one dielectric layer disposed between the first conductive shaped topographical surface and the second conductive topographical surface.

36. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 35, wherein the dielectric layer has opposing first and second dielectric topographical surfaces, the first dielectric topographical surface is disposed proximate the first conductive topographical surface and substantially following the first conductive topographical surface across its area.

37. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 35, wherein the first conductive surface and first dielectric surface are substantially conformal.

38. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 35, wherein the second conductive surface and second dielectric surface are substantially conformal.

39. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 35, wherein the first conductive surface substantially maintains moiety with the first dielectric surface.

40. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 35, wherein the second conductive surface substantially maintains moiety with the second dielectric surface.

41. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 36, wherein at least 2% of the area of the first conductive surface has a shaped topographical surface, said 2% area defining a smooth structure.

42. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 35, wherein at least 2% of area of the second conductive surface has a shaped topographical surface, said 2% area defining a smooth structure.

43. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 41, wherein at least 2% of the area of the first dielectric surface has a shaped topographical surface, said 2% area defining a smooth structure.

44. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 41, wherein at least 2% of area of the second dielectric surface has a shaped topographical surface, said 2% area defining a smooth structure.

45. The electrical charge storage device as recited claim 41, wherein at least 2% of the first conductive surface area being substantially conformal with an area of the first dielectric surface.

46. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 41, wherein at least 2% of the first conductive surface area substantially maintains moiety with an area of the first dielectric surface.

47. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 43, wherein the first conductive surface area being disposed at a substantially uniform distance from the first dielectric surface area.

48. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 43, wherein the first conductive surface area being disposed at a selected distance ranging from 0.0001 μ

m to 2000 μ

m from the first dielectric surface area, said selected distance varying within a selectable tolerance.

49. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 41, wherein at least 2% of the second conductive surface area being substantially conformal with an area of the second dielectric surface.

50. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 41, wherein at least 2% of the second conductive surface area substantially maintains moiety with an area of the second dielectric surface.

51. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 49, wherein the second conductive surface area being disposed at a substantially uniform distance from the second dielectric surface area.

52. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 49, wherein the second conductive surface area being disposed at a selected distance ranging from 0.0001 μ

m to 2000 μ

m from the second dielectric surface area, said selected distance varying within a selectable tolerance.

53. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 41, wherein each of the first and the second conductive surfaces and the dielectric surface have a substantially smooth structure.

54. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claim 53, wherein each of the first and the second conductive surfaces and the dielectric surface comprises a villous structure formed on at least a portion of the smooth structure of any of the surfaces, the villous structure having a small scale relative to the smooth structure.

55. The electrical charge storage device as recited in claims 53, wherein each of the first and the second conductive surfaces and the dielectric surface comprises a dendritic structure formed on at least a portion of the smooth structure of any of the surfaces, the dendritic structure having a small scale relative to the smooth structure.

56. The electrical charge storage device of claim 41, wherein at least a portion of the smooth structure has a repeating pattern.

57. The electrical charge storage device of claim 41, wherein at least a portion of the smooth structure of the first and/or second conductive layer has an area that is alveolar in shape, sinusoidal rows in shape, parabolic in shape, inverted in shape, everted in shape, concave in shape, convex in shape, spiral in shape, random swirl in shape, quasi-random swirl in shape, mathematically defined as (A)sin(bX)sin(bY), mathematically defined as parabolic, mathematically defined as conical, tubular in shape, annular in shape, or toroidal in shape, or embedded in a permeable vertical fashion.

58. The electrical charge storage device of claim 41, wherein at least a portion of the smooth structure of the dielectric layer has an area that is alveolar in shape, sinusoidal rows in shape, parabolic in shape, inverted in shape, everted in shape, concave in shape, convex in shape, spiral in shape, random swirl in shape, quasi-random swirl in shape, mathematically defined as (A)sin(bX)sin(bY), mathematically defined as parabolic, mathematically defined as conical, tubular in shape, annular in shape, toroidal in shape, or embedded in a permeable vertical fashion.

59-65. -65. (canceled)