Hemodialysis methods and apparatus
First Claim
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1. A method for producing dialysate, comprising:
- (a) determining an amount of bicarbonate present in a bicarbonate dialysate constituent prescribed for administration to a patient and likely to become available bicarbonate in a dialysate produced therefrom;
(b) determining an amount of acetate present in an acid dialysate constituent prescribed for administration to the patient and likely to become available bicarbonate in a dialysate produced therefrom as a result of metabolism of said acetate; and
(c) combining the acid dialysate constituent with the bicarbonate dialysate constituent in such proportion that a total of the amounts determined in (a) and (b) substantially match a total amount of total base buffer desired for administration to the patient.
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Abstract
Various methods and apparatus are provided for the administration, control, and display of dialysate constituents, particularly, for example, the acid and bicarbonate constituents, in order to achieve more physiologically desirable proportions of sodium and total base buffer and, more generally, more physiologically desirable dialysate.
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Citations
30 Claims
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1. A method for producing dialysate, comprising:
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(a) determining an amount of bicarbonate present in a bicarbonate dialysate constituent prescribed for administration to a patient and likely to become available bicarbonate in a dialysate produced therefrom;
(b) determining an amount of acetate present in an acid dialysate constituent prescribed for administration to the patient and likely to become available bicarbonate in a dialysate produced therefrom as a result of metabolism of said acetate; and
(c) combining the acid dialysate constituent with the bicarbonate dialysate constituent in such proportion that a total of the amounts determined in (a) and (b) substantially match a total amount of total base buffer desired for administration to the patient. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6)
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7. A method of hemodialysis, comprising:
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administering to a patient a dialysate produced through a process of;
a) determining an amount of bicarbonate present in a bicarbonate dialysate constituent prescribed for administration to the patient and likely to become available bicarbonate in a dialysate produced therefrom;
b) determining an amount of acetate present in an acid dialysate constituent prescribed for administration to the patient and likely to become available bicarbonate in a dialysate produced therefrom as a result of metabolism of said acetate;
c) determining an amount of sodium present in an acid dialysate constituent prescribed for administration to the patient and likely to become available sodium in a dialysate produced therefrom;
d) determining an amount of sodium present in a bicarbonate dialysate constituent prescribed for administration to the patient and likely to become available sodium in a dialysate produced therefrom; and
e) combining the acid dialysate constituent with the bicarbonate dialysate constituent in such proportion that (i) a total of the amounts determined in (a) and (b) substantially matches a total amount of total base buffer desired for administration to the patient, and (ii) a total of the amounts determined in (c) and (d) substantially matches a total amount of sodium desired for administration to the patient. - View Dependent Claims (8, 9, 11, 12, 13)
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10. (canceled)
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14. A method for dialysate administration, comprising:
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(a) inputting a value representing a total amount of sodium desired for administration to a patient; and
(b) inputting a value representing a total amount of bicarbonate desired for administration to the patient. - View Dependent Claims (15, 16, 17, 20)
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18-19. -19. (canceled)
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21. (canceled)
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22. Apparatus for hemodialysis comprising
A. an interface that accepts values representing one or more of (a) a total amount of sodium desired for administration to a patient, and (b) a total amount of buffer desired for administration to the patient, B. a processor that determines (i) an amount of bicarbonate present in a bicarbonate dialysate constituent prescribed for administration to a patient and likely to become available bicarbonate in a dialysate produced therefrom; -
(ii) an amount of acetate present in an acid dialysate constituent prescribed for administration to the patient and likely to become available bicarbonate in a dialysate produced therefrom as a result of metabolism of said acetate by the patient;
C. the apparatus effecting delivery to a patient of a combination the acid dialysate constituent with the bicarbonate dialysate constituent in such proportion that a total of the amounts determined by the processor in B(i) and B(ii) substantially match a total amount of total base buffer desired for administration to the patient. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 30)
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26. (canceled)
Specification